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مو لانا محمد سلمان خاں بھوپالی ندوی

مولانا محمد سلمان خاں بھوپالی ندوی مرحوم
ندوۃ العلما کے ایک اور لایق فرزند اور مولانا محمد عمران خاں بھوپالی ندوی مرحوم کے برادر خورد جناب مولانا محمد سلمان خاں ندوی مرحوم کی وفات حسرت آیات کی خبر بہت تاخیر سے ان کے صاحبزادے مولوی حافظ کلیم خاں ندوی کے ایک خط سے ملی، اناﷲ وانا الیہ راجعون۔ وہ دارالعلوم تاج المساجد کے سابق مہتمم تھے، لیکن ان کا سب سے روشن کارنامہ تاج المساجد کی تعمیر نو ہے۔ مولانا محمد عمران خاں ندوی مرحوم نے جس شاہانہ اولوالعزمی سے اس عظیم الشان مسجد کی تعمیر و تکمیل کا خاکہ بنایا تھا اس کو مولانا سلمان خاں صاحب نے حقیقتاً رنگ و روغن عطا کیا، جن لوگوں نے مسجد کی تعمیر و تکمیل میں ان کی شبانہ روز کی محنت، جانفشانی اور لگن دیکھی ہے وہ جانتے ہیں کہ اس تعمیر میں ان کا لہو تک شامل ہوگیا ایک عالم کی اس معمارانہ اور مہند سانہ مہارت پر بڑے بڑے انجینئر اور آرکی ٹیکٹ بھی حیران رہ گئے، طبعاً وہ نہایت شریف، متین، کم سخن اور مہمان نواز انسان تھے، اپنے تمام بیٹوں کو انھوں نے حفظ قرآن مجید کی دولت سے بہرہ یاب کیا اور سب کوند وہ ہیں تعلیم دلائی، وہ خود بڑے دیندار تھے متعدد بار حج بیت اﷲ کی سعادت حاصل کی۔ اﷲ تعالیٰ ان کی نیکیوں اور دینی خدمات کو قبول کرے اور جنت نعیم میں جگہ عطا فرمائے، آمین۔ ( عمیر الصدیق دریابادی ندوی ، اگست ۱۹۹۱ء)

 

PENDIDIKAN MORAL PESERTA DIDIK MELALUI IMPLEMENTASI TATA TERTIB SEKOLAH DASAR NEGERI INPRES BUMI BAHARI KECAMATAN PALU BARAT

An Efforts to improve the morality of learners are always conducted in education. Educational institutions are morally obligated to increase personality development of their students. SDN Inpres Bumi Bahari Kec. Palu Barat through the implementation of school rules, intends to form the character of learners. This circumstance is the basis of this research. This research based on descriptive qualitative methods. The Source of data obtained from principals, teachers, and Learners. This research used varieties methods such as observation, interviews, and documentations in data collecting process. Furthermore, data that has been netted, analyzed using data reduction techniques, data display, and data verification. The results of the study concluded that the application of school rules can shape the behavior of learners to be a good personality. The behavior of learners is directed towards moral learner. The process of character building of learners finds some barriers because learners have a different understanding of school rules order. In addition, many students have a strong influence of the habits they bring from their homes, so they are not familiar with the rules set by their school.

Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Antiscalant Properties of Selected Species of Ficus

World over, Ficus is recognized to be an important genus containing more than 850 species, out of which 14 are native to Pakistan. Ficus species are widely distributed and easily available throughout Pakistan. Different parts of the Ficus plants have been used in folk medicines since centuries. These are reported to possess multiple such as antidiarrheal, antidysenteric, antidiabetic antiasthmatic, antimicrobial, analgesic, laxative, and haemostatic activities. The present work has been designed with the main purpose to evaluate antioxidant, antimicrobial and antiscalant properties of different parts of selected species of Ficus distributed in Pakistan. Four solvents (absolute ethanol, absolute methanol, 80% ethanol, 80% methanol) and three techniques (orbital shaker, magnetic stirring, and sonication assisted extraction) were employed to evaluate the influence of extraction process on the yield and activities of extractable components. Antioxidant properties of the extracts were evaluated following different in-vitro antioxidant assays such as determination of total phenolic contents, estimation of total flavonoids, measurement of DPPH radical scavenging capacity, measurement of %age inhibition of linoleic acid peroxidation and reducing potential. The most potent extract from each sample was used to identify and quantify individual phenolic acids and flavonoids with the help of RP-HPLC. Furthermore, the most potent extract for each sample was also evaluated for its antimicrobial and antiscalant activities. Antimicrobial activities were assessed against selected strains of bacteria and moulds using disc diffusion and resazurine indicator methods. Antiscalant activity of the extracts was evaluated through conductivity measurement and by microscopic examination. Sonication assisted extraction technique and 80% methanol proved to be the most effective extraction system and offered higher extraction yields of active components as compared to other combinations of technique and solvent employed. The extracts obtained by using 80% methanol as solvent and sonication as extraction technique also constituted higher total phenolic and total flavonoid contents as well as exhibited better antioxidant activities as compared to the extracts obtained by other combinations of solvent and extraction techniques. HPLC analysis revealed the occurrence of four phenolic acids (caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, gentisic acid and sinapic acid) and two flavonoids (rutin and quercetin) in almost all the fruit, leave and bark samples of the Ficus species investigated. Leaves and fruit extracts of the selected samples exhibited moderate antibacterial activity although none of the sample demonstrated antifungal activity. All the samples showed fairly good antiscalant activity. Overall, from the findings of this comprehensive study, it could be understandable that an appropriate extraction system is necessary for recovery of optimum amount of potent antioxidants, and antimicrobial and antifungal agents from these materials. The present results advocate the utilization of different parts of the local Ficus species for isolation of valuable bio-actives for functional food, neutralceutical and water treatment plants.
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