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عوامی ہیرو عبدالرشید عاجز شہید

عوامی ہیرو عبدالرشید عاجز

                                                                                                زوارحسین کامریڈ

شہید بھٹو کے عدالتی قتل کے خلاف خود سوزی کر نے والے عوامی ہیرو ،سپوت لائلپور عبدالرشید عاجز کی ناقابل مصالحت جدو جہد کی کہا نی ۔عبدالرشید عاجز محنت کشوں کے شہر لائلپور /فیصل آباد میں پاکستان پیپلز پارٹی کے جیالے کارکن تھے ۔ان کی رہائش محلہ پنج پیر میں تھی ۔شہید بھٹو کی عوامی حکومت میں وہ ہمہ وقت اپنے علاقے کے مسائل زدہ مکینوں کے مصائب کے خاتمے میں کوشاں رہتے تھے ۔ضیاء مارشل لاء کے خلاف پاکستان پیپلز پارٹی کے کارکنوں کی جرات مندانہ اور ناقابل مصا لحت جد وجہد میں بھی ان کا کردار بہت نمایا ں ہے ۔شہید بھٹو کے عدالتی قتل کا فیصلہ سنائے جانے کے بعد قائد عوام کی رہائی کے لیے ملک گیر تحریک کے ثمرات جب توقع کے برعکس ہوئے تو احتجاج کو تیز کرنے اور عالمی میڈیا کی توجہ حاصل کر نے کے لیے یکم اکتوبر1978ء کو لاہو ر کے لکشمی چوک میں عبدالرشید عاجز نے اپنے آپ کو نذر آتش کر کے خود سوزی کر لی تھی ۔دنیا بھر کی سیاسی تاریخ میں کسی بھی سیاست دان کے لیے جان نثار کر نے کا یہ اولین واقعہ تھا ۔زیر نظر تصویر شہید جمہوریت کی آخری آرام گاہ واقع قبرستان ببر سائیں جھنگ روڈ کی ہے ۔یہاں پارٹی کارکنان سابق صوبائی وزیر و سینئر پارٹی رہنما بدرالدین چوہدری اور مزدور رہنما حاجی طفیل محمد مرحوم ،پارٹی کے سابق مرکزی رہنما قیوم نظامی ،آغا ندیم ،شیخ شاہد ،ادریس بٹ ،جاوید چوہدری ،مہر عبدالرشید آف محلہ پنج پیر اور شوکت قصائی فاتحہ خوانی کر رہے ہیں ۔افسوس عبدالرشید عا جز اور پاکستان پیپلز پارٹی و دیگر سیاسی جماعتوں کے ہزاروں کارکنوں و قائدین جن میں بھٹو ز سب سے نمایاں ہیں ،کی قربانی بھی پاکستان...

METODE PARTISIPATIF, CERAMAH, DAN DISKUSI PADA AL QURAN SURAT AS-SHAFFAT AYAT 102

This research is motivated by a phenomenon of poor communication between parents and children. In the world of education, there was a lack of approaches and methods used by educators in providing subject matter so that what was delivered by the educator did not achieve the expected goals. The problem in this research is how the participatory methods, lectures and discussions contained in the As-Shaffat letter verse 102. The purpose is to describe the educational methods contained in the As-Shaffat letter verse 102 in the form of participatory methods, lecture methods and discussion methods. This research is a Library Research. The method of interpretation used in this study is the method of interpretation of maudhu 'or thematic methods which interpret verses of the Qur'an based on specific themes. The method used in the explanation of the verse is the method of tahlili or analysis that explains the verses of the Qur'an by examining its aspects and revealing its whole purpose. The results of study and analysis, as well as data processing from various sources, obtained the first result that the educational method contained in the As-Shaffat verse 102 is a participatory method used by educators, which involves all elements in the educational process especially students, with active participation from participants students will facilitate educators in delivering the material to be given. Both lecture methods, in conveying information, especially learning materials can be done with the lecture method. An educator prioritizes good attitudes so that the material can be accepted by students. The third method of discussion is to involve students in giving their opinions. With the discussion in learning, the lessons will become warmer and will train students to be more courageous in opinion.

Inheritance Pattern of Drought Tolerance Attributes in Cotton Gossypium Hirsutum L.

Experiments were conducted during the crop season 2005-06 to evaluate cotton germplasm under irrigated and drought regimes. The germplasm was evaluated for different physiological and morphological traits. The accessions showing higher cotton yield were used as a criterion for selection of drought tolerant and susceptible parents. Three susceptible and three tolerant parents were planted during cotton growing season and crossed on flowering stage. The hybrids were evaluated at seedling and mature plant stage during the crop season 2006-07 under irrigated and drought regimes. All traits under study were subjected to analyses of variance. Traits showing significant genotypic variation were analyzed following simple additive dominance model to estimate heritability and inheritance pattern. The objective of study is to explore genes having potential for high yield and fiber quality under drought environments in genetic material available by crossing the genotypes in diallel fashion that may be used in future breeding program. Gene action and combining ability were studied by analyzing diallel cross data between six cotton varieties viz., FH-113, PB-899, MNH-789, (drought tolerant), and CIM-506, FH-901, CRIS-466, (drought susceptible). A considerable reduction in almost all parameters was shown under stress conditions. Diallel analysis showed that characters like monopodial branches, sympodial branches and staple strength showed additive genetic effects and traits like plant height, number of bolls, boll weight, yield., staple length, staple fineness, GOT, seed index, lint index, relative water content, leaf temperature and relative cell injury showed additive and dominant genetic effects under normal conditions and water stress conditions, traits like staple strength and relative cell injury showed additive genetic effects and traits like plant height, monopodial branches, sympodial branches, number of bolls, boll weight, yield, staple length, staple fineness, GOT, seed index, lint index, relative water content, leaf temperature showed additive and dominant (non-additive) genetic effects. PB-899 proved the best general combiner for traits like plant height and staple length, FH-113 proved the best general combiner for traits like monopodial branches, sympodial branches, number of bolls, yield , seed index, relative water content, leaf temperature and relative cell injury, MNH-789 proved the best general combiner for traits like boll weight, GOT and CIM-506 proved the best general combiner for staple fineness, staple strength and lint index under normal and water stress conditions. Heritability estimates for yield and yield related traits and most of traits were high under normal and water stress conditions and had maximum ability to transfer genes to the next generation. So, selection of desirable parents and gene combinations for high yield on the basis of these traits under both conditions will be effective for future breeding programs. Breeders may utilize good general combiners in breeding programs for improvements of cotton traits. It is recommended that breeders should breed for superior combining ability aimed at improving overall GCA for yield and fiber quality. xviAbstract Experiments were conducted during the crop season 2005-06 to evaluate cotton germplasm under irrigated and drought regimes. The germplasm was evaluated for different physiological and morphological traits. The accessions showing higher cotton yield were used as a criterion for selection of drought tolerant and susceptible parents. Three susceptible and three tolerant parents were planted during cotton growing season and crossed on flowering stage. The hybrids were evaluated at seedling and mature plant stage during the crop season 2006-07 under irrigated and drought regimes. All traits under study were subjected to analyses of variance. Traits showing significant genotypic variation were analyzed following simple additive dominance model to estimate heritability and inheritance pattern. The objective of study is to explore genes having potential for high yield and fiber quality under drought environments in genetic material available by crossing the genotypes in diallel fashion that may be used in future breeding program. Gene action and combining ability were studied by analyzing diallel cross data between six cotton varieties viz., FH-113, PB-899, MNH-789, (drought tolerant), and CIM-506, FH-901, CRIS-466, (drought susceptible). A considerable reduction in almost all parameters was shown under stress conditions. Diallel analysis showed that characters like monopodial branches, sympodial branches and staple strength showed additive genetic effects and traits like plant height, number of bolls, boll weight, yield., staple length, staple fineness, GOT, seed index, lint index, relative water content, leaf temperature and relative cell injury showed additive and dominant genetic effects under normal conditions and water stress conditions, traits like staple strength and relative cell injury showed additive genetic effects and traits like plant height, monopodial branches, sympodial branches, number of bolls, boll weight, yield, staple length, staple fineness, GOT, seed index, lint index, relative water content, leaf temperature showed additive and dominant (non-additive) genetic effects. PB-899 proved the best general combiner for traits like plant height and staple length, FH-113 proved the best general combiner for traits like monopodial branches, sympodial branches, number of bolls, yield , seed index, relative water content, leaf temperature and relative cell injury, MNH-789 proved the best general combiner for traits like boll weight, GOT and CIM-506 proved the best general combiner for staple fineness, staple strength and lint index under normal and water stress conditions. Heritability estimates for yield and yield related traits and most of traits were high under normal and water stress conditions and had maximum ability to transfer genes to the next generation. So, selection of desirable parents and gene combinations for high yield on the basis of these traits under both conditions will be effective for future breeding programs. Breeders may utilize good general combiners in breeding programs for improvements of cotton traits. It is recommended that breeders should breed for superior combining ability aimed at improving overall GCA for yield and fiber quality.
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