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Home > Al-Basirah > Volume 4 Issue 1 of Al-Basirah

غربت کے خاتمے میں قرض حسنہ کا کردار |
Al-Basirah
Al-Basirah

Article Info
Authors

Volume

4

Issue

1

Year

2015

ARI Id

1682060032214_988

Pages

69-88

PDF URL

https://www.numl.edu.pk/journals/subjects/156102582905-AL-BASEERA%207%20(Vol.4%20-%20Issue.%201)%20JUN-2015.pdf

Chapter URL

https://numl.edu.pk/journals/subjects/156102582905-AL-BASEERA%207%20(Vol.4%20-%20Issue.%201)%20JUN-2015.pdf

Subjects

Poverty Global Issue Developing countries Loans

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المبحث الثاني: مأساۃ الحياۃ وأغنية للإنسان

المبحث الثاني: مأساۃ الحياۃ وأغنية للإنسان
"مطولة شعرية"
تکتب الشاعرۃ العراقیۃ المشھورۃ " نازك الملائکۃ" في دیوانھا المعروف "دیوان نازک الملائکۃ" أنھا تشرح الظروف الزمنیۃ والنفسیۃ والفکریۃ التي مرت بھا خلال کتابۃ مطولتھا الشعریۃ ’’مأساۃ الحیاۃ وأغنیۃ للإنسان‘‘ عبر عشرین عاماً من سنۃ 1945م إلی 1965م، وتقول : ’’یضم الأثر الشعري الذی أضعہ بین یدي القاریء في ھذا الکتاب ثلاث صور شعریۃ لقصیدۃ واحدۃ أولھا قد نظم بین سنۃ 1945م و 1946م وثانیھا قد نظم سنۃ 1950م وثالثھا متأخر التاریخ حتی 1965م، ویمکن أن تعد کل قصیدۃ من ھذہ القصائد الطویلۃ مستقلۃ عن الأخریین، لو لا أنني قد نسخت بعض الأبیات أحیاناً فنقلتھا من قصیدۃ إلی أخری علی اعتبار أنھا ما زالت ترضي ذوقي رغم مرور السنین‘‘۔
وتقول إنھا نظمت القصیدۃ الأولی عام 1945م وکان عمرھا إذ ذاک اثنین وعشرین عاماً۔ وعندما بدأت في نظم ھذہ المطولۃ فإن دیوانھا الأول (عاشقۃ اللیل) لم یظھر إلی الوجود بعد۔ وأنھا کانت تکثر من قراء ۃ الشعر الإنکلیزي فأعجبت بالمطولات الشعریۃ التي نظمھا الشعراء وأرادت أن یکون في الوطن العربي مطولات مثلھم، فبدأت في نظم القصیدۃ وسمتھا "مأساۃ الحیاۃ" وھذہ القصیدۃ دلیل علی تشاؤمھا المطلق، وأنھا کانت تشعر بأن الحیاۃ کلھا ألم وإبھام وتعقید۔ وتقول: ’’وقد اتخذت للقصیدۃ شعاراً یکشف عن فلسفتي فیھا ھو ھذہ الکلمات للفیلسوف الألماني المتشائم ’’شوبنھاور‘‘: "لست أدري لما ذا نرفع الستار عن حیاۃ جدیدۃ کلما أسدل علی ھزیمۃ وموت۔ لست أدري لماذا نخدع أنفسنا بھذہ الزوبعۃ التي تثور حول لا شيء؟ حتّام نصبر علی ھذا الألم الذي لا ینتھي؟ متی نتدرع بالشجاعۃ الکافیۃ فنعترف بأن حب الحیاۃ أکذوبۃ وأن أعظم نعیم للناس جمیعاً ھو الموت؟"۔
یتضح من ذلک أن الشاعرۃ کانت متشائمۃ مثل الشاعر الانکلیزي شوبنھاور وربما تشاؤمھا یفوق تشاؤم شوبنھا ور لأنھا ھي بنفسھا تعترف بھذا الشيء فتقول:’’والواقع أن تشاؤمي قد فاق تشاؤم شوبنھاور نفسہ، لأنہ۔ کما یبدو۔کان یعتقد أن الموت نعیم لأنہ...

The Values of Social Education in the Quran and its Relevance to The Social Character Building For Children

This study aims to find the values ​​of social educational contained in the Qur'an. This research is a qualitative research in the form of library research. The focus of the verse is the object and source of primary data of this study, namely various commentaries that explain Surah at-Taubah verses 71-72. While secondary data sources of research is various literatut that are relevant to the subject matter of discussion. To answer the discussion of the research, the writer uses the method of interpretation maudhu'i (thematic). This study concludes that the values ​​of humanistic social education contained in the letter at-Taubah verses 71-72 include attitudes of helping to help, an invitation to the good and preventing munkar, social solidarity, brotherhood. These values ​​can be a spirit of  social education in forming empathy, mutual care, protection, tolerance and high social solidarity. The four values ​​of social education can be actualized in the context of the planting of social education in children through various things, among others, the cultivation of a noble mentality in children can be realized in the planting of brotherly values ​​and help children. Furthermore, the cultivation of a spirit of attention to the rights of others and a commitment to social ethics can be realized through the inculcation of the value of social solidarity. Then, inculcation of critical and social supervision can be realized by instilling the value of amar makruf nahi munkar.

Impact of Usaid Tearcher Education Project on the Development of Teacher Education at Elementary Level

The study aims to see the perceptions of stakeholders (HODs, teachers & students) about USAID Teacher Education Project on the upgrading of elementary education in Southern districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. All HODs, teachers and students of twenty RITE and nine Institutes of Teacher Education constituted the population of the study. The sample was selected through stratified random sampling technique. Two questionnaires were developed which were made valid and reliable through proper process. One questionnaire was meant for HODs and teachers and the other questionnaire was intended for students. Both the tools were consisted of two parts, the 1st part included demographic information and the 2nd part research variables. Hypotheses were developed in line with these objectives. The responses were collected, tabulated and analyzed through SPSS, one sample t test; independent sample t test and ANOVA were used as statistical analysis. The three respondents HODs, teachers and students showed significant views about physical facilities, curriculum, teaching methods, assessment techniques, practicum activities and refresher courses. Demographic variable wise, there was no significant difference of opinion i.e. gender, age and professional qualification. There was no significant difference between the views of HODs of both the institute.Teacher of RITE and IER showed no significant difference in their views about all the variables. Students showed difference of opinions regarding physical facilities. Similarly significant difference was found in student‘s views regarding B.Ed (Hons) and ADE curriculum, Method of teaching, assessment and practicum. Qualification wise significant difference was found among the student‘s views regarding physical facilities, B.Ed (Hons) and ADE curriculum, Method of teaching and assessment. The study recommends the newly introduced teacher education programs to be adopted in the TTIs for giving the track to teacher education. These programs need to be included in service structure for recruitment of teachers at elementary level.