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Home > Al-Idah > Volume 35 Issue 2 of Al-Idah

Higher Education for Women in Peshawar: Barriers and Issues |
Al-Idah
Al-Idah

Article Info
Authors

Volume

35

Issue

2

Year

2017

ARI Id

1682060034497_98

Pages

72-84

PDF URL

http://www.al-idah.pk/index.php/al-idah/article/download/59/53

Chapter URL

http://www.al-idah.pk/index.php/al-idah/article/view/59

Subjects

Women Education Higher Education Barriers Issues Women education Higher education Barriers Issues

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عبدالسلام سلام ؔسندیلوی

ڈاکٹر عبدالسلام سلامؔ سندیلوی
افسوس ہے ۱۶؍ ستمبر کی شب میں معروف محقق و نقاد اور شاعر ڈاکٹر عبدالسلام سلامؔ سندیلوی کا انتقال ہوگیا، وہ ہردوئی ضلع کے مردم خیز قصبہ سندیلہ میں ۲۵؍ فروری ۱۹۱۹؁ء کو پیدا ہوئے تھے، لکھنؤ میں اعلیٰ تعلیم حاصل کی، ان کو اردو فارسی کے علاوہ ہندی اور سنسکرت پر بھی عبور تھا، اردو میں پی۔ایچ۔ڈی اور ڈی۔لٹ کی اور ہندی میں وشارد اور ساہتیہ سدھا کر کی ڈگریاں حاصل کیں، مضمون نگاری اور شعر و شاعری کا چسکا طالب علمی کے زمانے میں لگ گیا تھا، شعر و ادب اور تحقیق و تنقید ان کا خاص موضوع تھا، ان میں درجنوں تصنیفات یادگار چھوڑیں۔ اردو رباعیات، اردو شاعری میں نرگیست اور اردو شاعری میں منظر نگاری بڑی اہم تصانیف ہیں، اول الذکر پر پی۔ایچ۔ڈی اور ثانی الذکر پر ڈی۔لٹ کی ڈگری ملی، ۱۹۵۹؁ء میں گورکھ پور یونیورسٹی سے وابستہ ہوئے اور پھر یہیں کے ہوگئے۔ وظیفہ یاب ہونے کے بعد بھی قلم و قرطاس سے تعلق باقی رہا، مگر کئی برس سے بینائی چلی گئی تھی اس لئے معذور اور خانہ نشین ہوگئے تھے، ڈاکٹر صاحب کی تصنیفات کمیت و کیفیت کے لحاظ سے اہم تھیں، لیکن اعزاز اور عہدے کے لئے بھاگ دوڑ ان کو پسند نہ تھی، اس لئے ان کو خاطر خواہ شہرت نہیں ملی، اس سال ان جیسے مستحق کو اترپردیش اردو اکادمی کا مولانا ابوالکلام آزاد ایوارڈ دیا جانا قابل ستایش اقدام تھا، اﷲ تعالیٰ مغفرت فرمائے اور پس ماندگان کو صبر وقرار بخشے۔ آمین!! (ضیاء الدین اصلاحی، اکتوبر ۲۰۰۰ء)

Preferences of Filipino and Foreign College Students Towards Online Translation Tools

Technological advancement makes translation convenient due to the emergence of various translation tools. This Explanatory-Sequential study aims to determine the preference and the factors affecting the preference of Filipino and Foreign college students toward the Online Translation Tool. Likewise, it also aimed to identify if there is a significant difference between the respondents' choices. To acquire the data, the researchers used a survey conducted on 15 Filipino and foreign collegiate students enrolled in universities in Manila and a focus group discussion among 3 Filipino students. The transcribed data were analyzed using Thematic Analysis. Moreover, the results of the quantitative data revealed that Google Translate was the preferred Online Translation Tool of Filipino and Foreign students for the reason of accessibility, user-friendliness, and the tendency of users to brand bias. The reasons presented in quantitative data are strengthened by the themes identified in the qualitative data. The three prevailing themes of Brand Bias, Accessibility, and Accuracy constituted the central theme of User Friendliness. It was identified through the Chi-Square Test that there is no significant difference among respondents' preferences (0.345 P-Value) toward online Translation software.

Link to System L2s Interfacting for Advanced Receiver Strategies

The size and complexity of wireless communication networks have grown tremendously over the last few decades. Analysis of a wireless communication system requires computer simulations of the entire communication network, spanning multiple cells with a large number of base stations and mobile terminals. This normally involves complex physical layer computations in order to evaluate the receiver performance with the transmitted signals subjected to interference, multipath propagation, and shadowing. Link to system (L2S) interfacing reduces the computational complexity associated with the physical layer performance evaluation of multiple communication links by predicting the receiver behavior under different channel conditions using precalculated lookup tables (LUTs). This thesis investigates the L2S interfacing for different advanced receiver strategies using various nonlinear mapping functions. Different transmission scenarios such as single input single output, single input multiple output, and multiple input multiple output are considered. Besides using the conventional AWGN channel performance as the reference LUT, the mean of different channel frame error performance is also suggested as reference and the prediction accuracy of both have been compared. L2S framework has been implemented using the post detection signal to noise ratio (SNR) values as the received signal quality measure. The existing L2S work for SISO, linear MIMO systems has been extended to iterative and maximum likelihood receivers, where finding an accurate estimate of the received signal quality which is highly correlated to the receiver output is an open problem and needs to be fully explored. Algorithms for the post detection SNR value estimation for iterative and maximum likelihood receivers have been proposed and their prediction performance is validated for diverse communication channels. It is shown that, the post detection SNR value is an accurate measure of the quality of the received signal. However, for MIMO system with single stream encoding, the accurate estimation of the post detection SNR value for each individual link is not essential, but rather an accurate average value over multiple links is found to be sufficient.