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شاہ فیصل

شاہ فیصل
۲۴؍ مارچ ۱۹۷۵؁ء کو سعودی عرب کے شاہ فیصل شہید کردیئے گئے، اس حادثہ جانکاہ سے اسلامی ممالک میں اندوہ و غم کا ایک بادل امنڈ پڑا کہ آہ! اسلام کا پاسبان، اسلامی حمیت و غیرت کا نگہبان، اسلامی موانست و یگانگت کا حدی خوان نہیں رہا، اسلامی زندگی کی قوت پنہاں کو آشکار، مسلمانوں کے سینوں میں عزائم کو بیدار اور ان کی نگاہوں کو تلوار کرنے والا جاتا رہا۔
مدتوں کے بعد بڑی مشکل سے اسلامی دنیا میں ایک دیدہ ور پیدا ہوا، جس کے مقاصد جلیل تھے، جس کی ادائیں دلفریب اور نگاہیں دلنواز تھیں، اسلام کے اس بطل حریت نے صرف گیارہ سال حکومت کی، مگر اس کے سارے کارنامے اسلامی تاریخ کے زریں باب بن کر رہیں گے، سعودی عرب کو دنیا کے متمول ترین ملکوں کی صف میں لاکھڑا کیا، مکہ معظمہ اور مدینہ منورہ کو سج دھج کر فردوس نگاہ بنادیا، پٹرول کو جنگی اسلحہ سے زیادہ مہلک تسلیم کراکے دنیا کی اہم طاقتوں کو بھی اپنے سامنے جھکنے پر مجبور کیا، حاتم طائی کی افسانوی سخاوت کی شہرت کو بلند کرکے عربوں کو اپنے مالی امداد سے سربلند اور سرخرو کیا، بچھڑے ہوئے مسلمان ملکوں کی دست گیری کرکے ان کو آگے بڑھنے کا حوصلہ دلایا، اسلامی بینک، اسلامی سکریٹریٹ، اسلامی خبر ایجنسی اور اسلامی سربراہ کانفرنس کی روح رواں بن کر یہ خاموش پیام دیا کہ توحید کی امانت سینے میں رکھنے والے اخوت کا بیان اور محبت کی زبان بن کردہر کو اسم محمد سے اجالا کردیں، اور جب کتاب ملت بیضا کی شیرازہ بندی سے پھر سے ہورہی تھی تو آیات الٰہی کے اس نگہبان کو اﷲ تبارک و تعالیٰ نے اپنی مصلحت سے اپنے پاس بلالیا، جہاں رخ در رخ محمدی سے کہہ رہا ہوگا:
؂ اب تو ہی بتا تیرا مسلمان...

Why I left and why I want to leave: A Phenomenological Perspective of Asian Employees Turnover

The current research was conducted to explore the possible causes of actual employee turnover and turnover intentions. Using Post positivism research philosophy, phenomenological qualitative research method was used to explore the phenomena. Semi-structured interviews of 21 bank employees (selected using purposive sampling) were conducted which were analyzed using NVivo 12. The research findings suggest many uniques themes in order to overcome the problem of employee turnover, especially for banks. The themes which were developed consisted of five significant themes such as the bank appraisals and reward system was identified as biased and based more on favoritism, employee feel that their actual performance is not evaluated properly and sincerely. The other factor concluded by the research findings is that the employees are dissatisfied with the salary and benefits, as they felt that there should a consistent effort to identify employee personal needs which should be customized accordingly in their compensation plans as well. The very essential factor recognized in the research finding was the upward and downward communication gaps with the employees. Such perceptions generated related issues as the employees felt that branches are much deprived to have a direct communication channel with the top team heads. The other very essential factor discovered after the investigation of the phenomena of turnover is lack of career growth. Lastly, another important cause of employee turnover was the transfers, which took place without the consent of the employee. Employees felt demotivated due to such transfers and changes in their work locations. Recommendations and future research directions have been at the end of the research

Genetic Polymorphism of Mitochondrial Dna As Tool for Forensic Discrimination and Comparison of its Diversity Among Various Ethnic Groups of Pakistan.

Because of its geo strategic position at the crossroad of Asia, Pakistan has gained crucial importance of playing its pivotal role in subsequent human migratory events, both prehistoric and historic. This human movement became possible through an ancient overland network of trails called “The Silk Route” linking Asia Minor, Middle East China, Central Asia, and Southeast Asia. The present study was designed to investigate the control region in 500 unrelated individuals of 22 ethnic groups of the Pakistani population. In order to discourse the genetic diversity, affiliations and origin of castes of Punjab and tribes of Baluchistan, KPK and Sindh. The study revealed high genetic diversity in Pakistani population which is comparable to the other Central Asian, Southeast Asian and European populations. For this purpose Sequence analysis scrutinized, 412 haplotypes, defined by a particular set of nucleotides were found (ignoring the C insertions around position 309 and 315) in 22 ethnic groups. In spite of that 65% sequences were observed once, 11 %, twice, 8 % thrice, 5 % four time and 2.2 % five times. The most common South Asian haplotypes are observed, M 46 %, N 7 %, and R 13%, while West Eurasian haplotypes are U 18%, H 5%, J 4%, W 3% and T 2% in 22 ethnic groups. The mean number of pairwise differences were observed 5.2 ± 2.8 to 12.5 ± 6.2. A random match probability between two unrelated individuals was found between 0.01 to 0.06 %. While genetic diversity was found to be 0.991 to 0.999, with nucleotide diversity ranging from 0.0089 to 0.0142 for the whole control region in Pakistani population. The configuration of genetic variation and heterogeneity further unveiled through Multidimensional Scaling and phylogenetic analysis. The results revealed that Pakistani ethnic groups are the composite mosaic of West Eurasian ancestry of numerous geographic origin. They received substantial gene flow during different invasive movements and have a high element of the Western provenance.
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