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محبت مصطفےٰؐ کے انسانی زندگی پر پڑنے والے اثرات ’’خوشبوئے محبت‘‘ کی روشنی میں

مْحبت مصطفیٰؐ کے انسانی زندگی پر پڑنے والے اثرات

’’خوشبوئے محبت‘‘ کی روشنی میں

نعت عربی زبان کا لفظ ہے۔اس کے لغوی معنی تعریف یا وصف بیان کرنا کے ہیں۔اگرچہ عربی زبان میں اس مقصد کیلئے مدح کا لفظ استعمال کیا جاتا ہے۔مگر ادبی اصطلاح میں لفظ نعت نبی کریمﷺ کی مدح و تعریف کیلئے مخصوص ہے۔

ہر وہ شعر نعت ہے جو پڑھنے والے یا شاعر کو نبی پاکﷺکی ذات گرامی کے قریب کر دے۔جن میں حضورﷺکی مدح ہو۔دراصل نعت ان اشعار کا نام ہے جس میں محض پیکر نبوت کے صوری محاسن سے لگاؤ کی بجائے مقصد نبویﷺسے دل بستگی پائی جائے۔جن میں رسالت ماب سے قلبی تعلق موجود ہو وہ مدح یا خطاب بالواسطہ یا بلاواسطہ اور وہ شعر نظم ہویا غزل،قصیدہ ہو یا رباعی،مثنوی ہو یا مثلث،مخمس نعت کی نوعیت میں کوئی فرق نہیں پڑتا۔البتہ نعتیہ کلام کی معنوی قدرو قیمت کا دارومدار اس کے نفس مضمون پر ہے۔اگرچہ اس کا مقصد ذات رسالت کی حقیقی عظمت کو واضح کرنا اور آقائے دو جہاں کی بعثت کی جو اہمیت نوع انسانی اور موجودات کیلئے ہے اْسے نمایاں کرنا ہے تو وہ صیح طور پر نعت کہلانے کی مستحق ہے۔اور یہ تمام خوبیاں ڈاکٹر محمد مشرف حسین انجم کی نعت گوئی موجود ہیں۔

گوکہ ڈاکٹرصاحب کی نعتیہ شاعری سے آپ کی محبت رسولﷺ صاف دکھائی دیتی ہے اور آپ نے نعتیہ اشعار میں سیرت نبویﷺ کے بیشمار پہلوؤں کو بیان کیا ہے۔مگر اس تحریر میں آپ کی نعتیہ شاعری کے مجموعے ’’خوشبوئے محبت‘‘ کے حوالے سے عام انسان کی زندگی پر پڑنے والے اثرات کا جائزہ آپ کی نعت کے حوالے سے لیا جائے گا۔ڈاکٹر صاحب نے محبت رسولﷺکے پڑنے والے اثرات کو انسانی زندگی میں انفرادی اور معاشرے پر پڑنے...

Frequency and Psychosocial Determinants of Gender Discrimination Regarding Food Distribution among Families

Due to male dominance in society as well as in households, the rights of females are ignored. Hence, there exists gender discrimination while giving food to family members which in turn results in poor health status for females. Therefore, it is important to explore the causes of this unequal distribution of food among family members Objective: To determine psychosocial factors causing gender discrimination regarding food distribution among families Methods: Data collected from fifty females aged 15-80 years, selected from the urban community using non-probability consecutive sampling, were used for analysis. Females with malnutrition, psychological disorders, with laparotomy and major surgery were excluded. Gender discrimination was assessed as males or male children were preferred for better and more food items like fresh food, meat, fruits, milk, dairy products and multivariate logistic regression analysis was done to see the impact selected factors on gender discrimination Results: The large family size (> 6 members) showed significantly higher odds of discrimination (OR=3.89; 95% CI= 1.03-15.26) than smaller families. The odds of food discrimination were 4 times more for the families, with males being earning hand (OR=4.57; 95% CI= 1.19-18.31). Similarly, there exist higher odds of gender discrimination in low-income families (OR=5.10; 95% CI= 1.18-23.87). While maternal education reduces the chances of food discrimination (OR=0.10; 95% CI= 0.02-0.42)  Conclusions: Psychosocial factors such as large family size, low monthly income, males being earning hand and maternal education were found to be associated with gender discrimination regarding food distribution among family members.

Modeling of Damage Growth in Frp Composites With Stress Raisers Such As Holes and Notches

Fibre reinforced polymer composite panels are preferred in high performance structural panels because they are strong, stiff and light. Stress raisers such as holes or notches (for accessibility, mechanical joining, and routing of cables etc.) may be present in any engineering structure and composite structures are no exception. Theoretically, a stress raiser is simply a localization of high stress-strain concentrations quantified by the Stress Concentration Factor (SCF). It is well established in literature and engineering practice that stress-strain concentrations due to holes or notches, unless accompanied by local plastic strain hardening, reduce the apparent strength of the panels. Since SCF is a function of elastic properties of the material, so in isotropic materials, the SCF is defined with elastic SCF (entails elastic properties within the elastic range of material) and plastic SCF (entails elastic properties in the plastic range of material). However, literature is scarce of such definition for the case of anisotropic/orthotropic materials, where the SCF is also a function of its elastic properties. Contrary to isotropic homogenous materials, composite panels offer a very complex structure, where fibres are generally regarded as brittle which deform elastically to final failure exhibiting either slight or no linear deformation. Whereas matrices generally experience plastic deformation hence the failure strain in matrics is far higher than the fibres. Additionally, once a composite panel containing a hole is subjected to tensile loading, tangential stress at the periphery of the hole in a perpendicular direction to the load axis attains a magnitude three times the far field stress under plane stress conditions. However, in a composite panel, the location and magnitude of the maximum stress are at the periphery of the hole changes with the fibre orientation and stacking sequence, therefore designers opt for large safety margins. This study has been performed to investigate the pre-damaged SCF and progressive-damaged SCF for anisotropic/orthotropic material analogous to elastic and plastic deformations in isotropic material respectively. The study presents a novel technique of calculating progressive-damaged SCF which evaluates the changing SCF in response to the progressive damage development within the composite panel. Finite Element (FE) representations simulate delamination damage using cohesive elements and in-plane damage using continuum damage mechanics. In the first part of the study, test coupons have been formulated under static conditions to consider important influencing factors on the SCF for the case of the composite panel containing a central circular hole subjected to tensile loading and compared with the already published literature. Later, several xii FE coupons have been formulated to precisely investigate the pre-damaged SCF and progressivedamaged SCF for the composite panel. During the study, the investigations of pre-damaged SCF and progressive-damaged SCF have also been performed using analytical and experimental approaches where applicable. The FE results are found in good agreement with the analytical and experimental results. The study provides a novel systematic FE approach for the estimation of progressive-damaged SCF for a composite panel, which has not been reported in the literature before. Certainly, the study proposes a paradigm shift in design philosophy which at present is limited to no-damage philosophy especially in aerospace, where the weight savings due to less generous safety factors are significant.
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