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ہوائے دید کا چلنا تمھیں مبارک ہو
ہوائے دید کا چلنا تمھیں مبارک ہو
قفس زدوں کا مچلنا تمھیں مبارک ہو
ہمارے ہاتھ لگے ہو خریدیں کیوں نہ تمھیں
نگاہِ ناز پہ بکنا تمھیں مبارک ہو
میں حسن زادہ ہوں، کنعاں وطن سے آیا ہوں
کہ مجھ پہ تہمتیں دھرنا تمھیں مبارک ہو
مرا نصیب کہ مجھ پر نگاہ بھی نہ ہوئی
مرا وہ ہاتھ یوں ملنا تمھیں مبارک ہو
وہ اک نظر کہ شرابوں کے جام جیسی ہے
اب اس سے پینا ، بہکنا تمھیں مبارک ہو
اسلام اور جین مت میں طہارت کا تقابلی جائزہ
Allah created all the required things fo the world since the world was given existence. Human was made its tenant and was equipped with art of living and eversince human life exists in all the corners of the world whatsoever religion they follow, but they do follow a set of social principles in life. And literal meaning of those principles is called religion, because religion literally mean"way of living or manner of living". And contextually religion may be defined as the principles followed to live life. In the light of this definition of religion some people have been confronted having no concept of religion, they are called Communists. But anyone who does not believe in Allah and the Prophet PBUH are termed Communists. In the following dissertation a comparison has been drawn between Islam and jeen Mat to show that no religion can compete Islam in terms of Clarity or cleanliness.Molecular Diagnosis Conrol and Identification of Tolerance in Citrus Against Greening Huanglongbing
Citrus greening (Huanglongbing) is the most destructive disease of citrus. Control of this disease is necessary for the survival of citrus industry. Husain and Nath (1927) described severe damage caused by populations of Diaphorina citri at Sargodha from 1915 to 1920 without any mention the greening disease. Candidatus Liberibacter, a gram negative bacterium is the causal organism of the disease. The natural vector of the disease is citrus psylla. There are two species of this vector Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Sternorryncha: Liviidae) and Trioza erytreae (del Guercio) (Hemiptera: Sternorrynca: Triozidae) reported in case of citrus greening. The disease can also be transmitted through budding/grafting. The proposed study was aimed to identify the tolerance in citrus germplasm and to test the effect of antibiotic and heat treatment for cleaning the huanglongbing infected budwood. Conventional as well as quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction method was used for the detection of Candidatus Liberibacter. Monitoring of natural vector of the disease Diaphorina citri kuwayama in the field was also done for identification of tolerance against huanglongbing in the germplasm. Symptom appearance as a result of inoculation of the citrus germplasm was recorded. Huanglongbing was successfully detected in the budwood used for all the experiments; 1160bp and 703bp bands were observed by using OI1/OI2c and A2/J5 primers, respectively. Βeta operon region of huanglongbing pathogen was amplified from greening affected sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) from Pakistan using primer set A2/J5 and sequenced. Alignment results indicated 99% sequence homology with more than 90 blast hits in the NCBI Genebank. Budwood from those source plants was used in all experiments of the present study. Clausena Harmandiana, Glycosmis Pentaphylla, Poncirus trifoliate and Bitter Sweet orange showed HLB negative results by qPCR indicating them tolerant for huanglongbing. Screening was also done on the basis of Asian citrus psyllid (Diaphorina citri kuwayama) presence on citrus germplasm. On 13 accessions of the total germplasm no Asian citrus psyllid was found in the field. Out of the total, 36.5% accessions showed huanglongbing symptoms. Conventional polymerase chain reaction showed 28.37% of the total germplasm positive for huanglongbing, whereas real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction confirmed presence of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus in 94.60% of the accessions. Negative results were obtained by using tetracycline. Application of 1000ppm tetracycline and 75ppm penicillin gave results. In case of temperature treatment, 68°C and combination of tetracycline 1000ppm + 50°C temperature showed results.Journals by Discipline
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