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ماہیا

ماہیا

ماہیا سر زمین پنجاب کا عوامی گیت ہے۔ماہیا کا لفظ ماہی سے نکلا ہے لیکن یہ اردو والا ماہی نہیں ہے(1) ویسے ماہیا میں محب اپنے محبوب کی جدائی میں ماہی بے آب کی طرح بھی ترپتا دکھائی دیتا ہے۔پنجابی میں بھینس یا مہیس کو کہتے ہیں۔بھینس چرانے والوں کو اسی نسبت سے ماہی کہا جا تا ہے۔ان چرواہوں کو بھینسوں پر نظر رکھنے کے سوا کوئی کام نہیں ہوتا تھا۔اس لئے دیہاتی ماحول کے مطابق انہوں نے کسی مشغلے کے ذریعے وقت گزاری کا وقت نکلا۔بانسری بجانے اور گیت گانے کا مشغلہ ایسا تھا کہ بیک وقت چرواہے کا فرض بھی ادا کیا جا سکتا تھا اور اپنے دل کو بھی بہلایا جا سکتا تھا۔بانسری اور اچھی آواز کے جادو نے بھی بعض چرواہوں کو اپنے اپنے دیہاتوں میں مقبولیت عطا کی ہوگی لیکن جب محبت کے قصوں میں رانجھے اور مہینوال کو اپنے اپنے محبوب تک رسائی حاصل کر نے کے لیے چرواہ بننا پڑا تو پھر ان کرداروں کی رومانوی کشش نے لفظ ماہی کو چرواہے کی سطح سے اٹھا کر نہ صرف ہیر اور سوہنی کا محبوب بنا دیا بلکہ ہر محبت کرنے والی مٹیار کا محبوب ماہی قرار پایا۔اسی ماہی کے ساتھ اپنے پیار کے اظہار کے لئے ماہیا عوامی گیت بن کے سامنے آیا۔

ماہیے میں پنجاب کے عوام کے جذبات ،احساسات اور خواہشات کا خوبصورت اور براہِ راست اظہار ملتا ہے۔عوام نے اپنی امنگوں ،آرزوں اور دعاوں کو شاعری کے ذریعے سینہ بہ سینہ آگے بڑھایا اور زندہ رکھا۔اسی لیے یہ عوامی گیت اپنی ظاہری صورت میں انفرادی ہونے کے باوجود اپنی سوسائٹی کی ترجمانی کرتا ہے۔ماہیا فکرو خیال سے ہی نہیں ہوتا لیکن گہرے فلسفیانہ خیالات کے برعکس سیدھے عوام کے دل میں اتر جانے والا انداز ہی اس کے مزاج کا...

Polemic Views about the Source of Qur’ān in Medieval Christian Writings with a Reflection upon Contemporary Orientalists: A Critical Review

Before the advent of Islam, there was a strong tradition of polemic writings both among the Jews and the Christians to prove the errors of adversary. But, after the advent of Islam in general, and the conquering of Roman / Byzantine empire by the Muslims in the era of Righteous Califate in specific, due to embracing Islam by a large number of local populace, the flux of Christian polemic writing was directed towards Islam. A number of polemic writings surfaced as a resort to keep their religion alive. These writings tried to belittle all basic concepts, beliefs, and creeds of Islam, and even the personality of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), and the Holy Qur’ān. The contemporary orientalist polemic writers have claimed that there are several accounts originating from Jewish and Christian sources which tried to allegedly prove that the Holy Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) was instructed by Jewish or Christian scholars in the composition of Holy Qur’ān, and to support this claim, they not only point out to certain Jewish or Christian sources, but have parroted their arguments as well, with the similar motives. With this, they have attempted to discredit Islam by raising doubts about the origin of Qur’ān. But despite of their efforts the fact remains firm that the Qur’ān has a Divine origin and was revealed by Allah Ta‘ālā unto Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). In this regard, the purpose of this article is to analyze the medieval polemic writings, their motives, and their rumination by the orientalists of the contemporary age. A critical approach is adopted in this analytical, and historical study, using published authentic data and literature including academic books, research papers, periodicals, dictionaries and reliable web sites also.

Investigating, The Role of Securities& Exchange Commission of Pakistan from Investor’s Perspective in Stock Markets.

SECP was created to succeed the Corporate Law Authority, which was an attached Department of the Ministry of Finance. The process of restructuring the Authority was initiated in 1997 under the Capital Market Development Plan of the Asian Development Bank (ADB). Securities and Exchange Commission of Pakistan Act was passed by the Parliament and promulgated in Dec. 1997. In pursuance of this Act, the Securities and Exchange Commission of Pakistan, having autonomous status, became operational on Jan. 1 1999. The Act gave the organization the administrative authority and financial independence to carry out the reform program of Pakistan's capital market with the assistance of the ADB. Powers of the Commission have been delegated to the individual Commissioners and Appellate Benches, as envisaged in the Act. There is great work done on performance of stock markets around the globe and also some work done on regularity impact but there is no concrete work done in Pakistan to investigate the role of SECP from investors' perspective in stock markets. There is also no methodology to check the performance of regulator except IOSCO methodology in which by using qualitative approach stake holders' opinion through questionnaires and interviews can be ascertained. So the researcher got the stake holders' opinion/view through questionnaires and discussion while getting the questionnaire filled. There were 40 questions and all questions were close ended to investigate the role of Securities & Exchange Commission of Pakistan from investors' perspective in Stock Market. These questionnaires were got filled from all four stake holders to know the point of view of investor, broker, agent and regulator as well. Every question was analyzed in depth, every question was analyzed stake holder wise, city wise and answer wise along with percentage of every section. The research found that SECP is playing very positive role in stock market not only from investors' perspective but also from government point of view. Since the SECP came into action there is remarkable time decrease in registration of company, it was very good feeling to know that 100% of all stake holders replied that SECP officials never asked them for any type of gift/bribe or any other favor. SECP has open door policy and any complainant can come and can lodge complaint against any person. SECP has a number of qualified individuals on its payroll who are being paid market based salaries and are fully equipped to monitor stock markets on daily basis. During discussion with people while getting the questionnaire filled it was found that most of the investors don't know their rights and duties as an investor and that is the major cause of their loss if any in stock markets. Investors don't inquire completely before investing in a particular stock/security. Most of the people have never seen the audited financial statements of the company in which they are going to invest, they simply try their luck and want to make hay while the sun shines.
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Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel

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