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موسیٰ جاراﷲ

موسیٰ جاراﷲ
دوسرا علمی حادثہ دنیائے اسلام کے مشہور عالم موسیٰ جار اﷲ کی وفات ہے ، ان کا وطن روسی ترکستان تھا، وہ بڑے وسیع النظر عالم اور زندہ کتب خانہ تھے، اور ہر موضوع اور ہر فن پر مجتہدانہ نگاہ رکھتے تھے، روسی ترکی اور عربی فارسی میں پوری مہارت رکھتے تھے، اردو بھی ٹوٹی پھوٹی بول لیتے تھے، ایک زمانہ تک لینن کے رفیق اور شریک کار رہے، پھر کسی اختلاف کی بنا پر جلا وطن کردیے گئے ، جلاوطنی کے زمانہ میں انھوں نے تمام اسلامی ملکوں کی سیاحت کی، اس سلسلہ میں ہندوستان بھی آئے، اور کئی سال تک دہلی اور بھوپال میں مقیم رہے، چودہ پندرہ سال ہوئے دارالمصنفین بھی آئے تھے اور ہفتہ عشرہ قیام رہا تھا، ان کے علمی شغف و انہماک کو دیکھ کر علمائے سلف کی یاد تازہ ہوتی تھی، ان کا سارا وقت اور رات کا بڑا حصہ مطالعہ میں گزرتا تھا، انھوں نے اس مختصر قیام میں دارالمصنفین کے پورے کتب خانے کا جائزہ لے لیا تھا، تالیف و تصنیف کا شغل بھی تھا، عربی میں ان کی بہت سی تصانیف مسودہ کی صورت میں تھیں، لیکن چند مختصر رسالوں کے علاوہ کسی بڑی تصنیف کی اشاعت کی نوبت نہیں آئی، جب سے وہ وطن سے نکلے پھر دوبارہ جانا نصیب نہیں ہوا، اور عالمِ غربت ہی میں گذشتہ مہینہ مصر میں سفرِ آخرت کیا ، اﷲ تعالیٰ اس شیدائے علم کو اپنی رحمت و مغفرت سے سرفراز فرمائے۔
(شاہ معین الدین ندوی،جنوری ۱۹۵۰ء)

موسیٰ جاراﷲ ؒکی بعض تصانیف
( مولانا عبدالمجید حریری)
’’ہمارے فاضل اور محترم دوست مولانا عبدالمجید صاحب حریری ان علم دوست اصحاب میں ہیں جن کے تعلقات ہندوستان و بیرون ہند کے بہت سے علماء مشاہیر سے ہیں اور بنارس میں ان کا دولت کدہ اصحاب علم...

A Quantitative Analysis of Agro-Based Industry in Matiari District, Sindh, Pakistan: A Sociological Perspective

Pakistan is the agrarian country and its last economic data shows the growth in the agriculture production. More than 60 percent population is living in rural areas of the country and is engaged with agriculture activities. While the agro based industry is linked with agriculture sector and use agriculture raw material for production of final goods. The agro based industry provides income and employment generation opportunities. Therefore, the agro based industry is beneficial for the economic development of the area. For this study the 384 sample has been selected from the district Matiari and statistical Chi square test result highlights that the agro-based industry is beneficial for the development of the rural area.

Biodegradation of Organochlorinated Pesticides by Indigenous Soil Microorganisms

Biodegradation of Organochlorinated Pesticides by Indigenous Soil Microorganisms Endosulfan is a broad spectrum organochlorinated insecticide extensively used all over the world to enhance the agricultural production. Its widespread application creates severe ill effects on human and environment. The present study was aimed to isolate and identify the bacterial strains that have capability to metabolize endosulfan. Initially, eight bacterial isolates were screened out on minimal salt medium, but two more efficient bacterial isolates i.e., EN-1 and TAH were identified on the basis of 16S rRNA technique. Both isolated bacterial strains had the ability to utilize endosulfan as a sole sulfur source. These isolates were named as Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (EN-1) and Pseudomonas sp (TAH). Degradation study was conducted at various initial concentrations of endosulfan, i.e., 5, 25, 50, 75 and 100 mg/L along with the different incubation temperatures i.e., 25, 28, 32, 37 and 45ºC. The maximum endosulfan degradation by EN-1 and TAH was recorded at 32ºC and 28ºC respectively. It was observed that these bacterial isolates could degrade 80-85 % of endosulfan in 5 days of incubation, but the maximum degradation (80-85 %) was recorded when 100 mg/L of endosulfan was spiked. GC-MS analysis revealed that endosulfan diol and endouslfan lactone were major metabolites accumulated. Therefore, it was confirmed that both isolates followed hydrolytic pathway for endosulfan degradation instead of oxidative. Biodegradation kinetics of EN-1 and TAH were also studied at various initial endosulfan concentrations ranging from 5- 100 mg/L. Growth dependent and independent kinetic models were applied to access the rate of endosulfan biodegradation. The average ratio of µmax/ Ks increased when endosulfan used as a sole sulfur source, while its value decreased when additional sulfur source was added along with endosulfan. So it was found that additional sulfur did not enhance the rate of endosulfan degradation. In the present study plasmid DNA was also cured in order to locate the degrading genes. Endosulfan degrading genes were found on chromosomal DNA in EN-1 bacterial strain while TAH had plasmid borne genes. These plasmid mediated degrading genes were identified by cloning. The resulted clone product showed 97 % similarity with Nta monooxygenase gene. Comparative protein analysis was done by the SWATH MS technique. Thiswas the first studyin which thequantificationand identification of bacterial proteome by using cell lysate.Out oftotal, 48 proteins were similar in both isolated bacterial strains which were suspected to be involved in the endosulfan degradation. Among these 48 proteins, 10 proteins were involved in various enzymatic functions. Thus, there might be 10 proteins involved in the degradation of endosulfan. All other proteins were unknown in their function.
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