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عبالرزاق جھرنا

عبدالرزاق جھرنا

7مئی جنرل ضیاء الحق کے مارشل لاء میں پاکستان پیپلز پارٹی کے سب سے پہلے پھا نسی پانے والے عبدالرزاق جھر نا شہید کی برسی ہے محترمہ بے نظیر بھٹو شہید عبدالرزاق جھرنا کے والدین اور چھوٹی بہن کے ساتھ تصویر۔ جب کوٹ لکھپت جیل ہمیں ملنے آئیں تو سب سے پہلے انہوں عبدالرزاق جھرنا کی پھانسی کا پوچھا ۔ہمارے ساتھی آصف بٹ نے جب بتا یا کہ وہ بہت بہادری سے پاکستان پیپلز پارٹی کے ترانے اور جیوے جیوے بھٹو جیوے کے نعرے لگاتے ہوئے پھانسی گھاٹ گیا تو محترمہ بے نظیر بھٹو شہید کی آنکھیں نم ہو گئیں ۔محترمہ بے نظیر بھٹو شہید کے بعد کیا کسی نے پھانسی پانے والے یا خود سوزیاں کر نے والوں کے لواحقین کی خبر لی میرا پارٹی قیادت سے ایک سوال ؟

 

Exploring the Role of “Jihad” in the Establishment of Universal Peace

Jihad is an umbrella concept of Islam, but unfortunately, nowadays it is misused both as a terminology and practice in a very narrow sense. The concept of jihad is crystal clear in Islam but it has been made dubious by certain schools of thought for achieving their vested interests. Consequently differences of opinions about the definition of jihad emerged not only among the masses but also in the circles of the learned ones, hence, no agreed upon definition emerge. Due to this, questions are raised like whether jihad is synonymous to terrorism? Or what is the fundamental role of jihad in establishing universal peace? What is the modus operandi of jihad? But so far, no scholarly effort has been made to hammer this issue out in an unbiased and objective manner. Whatever has been done consist more on either argumentative encounter or defending one’s own ideological stance. For that reason this research article attempts to carry out an objective analysis of the role of jihad in the establishment of universal peace. It is hoped that this attempt of intellectual pursuit will not only be a source of guidance to the common people but will also open new avenues for research scholars in this field.

Welfare, Growth, Carcass and Reproductive Traits in Indigenous Chicken Aseel under Free Range, Semi-Intensive and Confinement Rearing Systems

A study was conducted to investigate the effects of 3 different rearing systems [free range (FR), semi-intensive (SI) and confinement (CF)] on blood biochemical profile and immune response in 4 varieties of Aseel chicken [Lakha (LK), Mushki (MS), Peshawari (PW), and Sindhi (SN)] for 10 wk duration (7 to 16 wk). At the age of 6 wk, in total, 180 cockerels were assigned to 12 treatment groups, 3 (rearing system) × 4 (Aseel chicken variety) factorial arrangement in 7 randomized complete blocks, replicated 3 times with 5 birds in each replicate (45 birds of each variety; 60 birds in each rearing system; 36 total replicates). Blood samples were collected through brachial vein at the end of wk 16. After laboratory analysis, the recorded data for blood biochemical profile and immune response were analyzed by using 2-way ANOVA under factorial arrangement. The results showed higher (P<0.05) plasma glucose and total protein in birds under CF. Titer against Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) was found to be greater (P<0.05) in SI and FR, respectively. Peshawari birds indicated higher (P<0.05) concentration of glucose, total protein, albumin, uric acid, creatinine, and titers to NDV and IBV. Birds of LK and SN varieties also indicated maximum antibody titer against NDV and IBV, respectively. Cholesterol level was found to be greater (P<0.05) in birds of LK and SN. Interaction of SN with FR revealed maximum (P<0.05) cholesterol whereas interaction of PW with SI indicated maximum antibody titer against NDV. The results highlight that CF rearing system expediently affects glucose and total protein levels in birds; SI and FR confer maximum antibody titers to NDV and IBV. Birds of PW variety indicated higher glucose, total protein, albumin, uric acid and creatinine, the lowest cholesterol under FR and the enhanced antibody titer against NDV and IBV.
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