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ماڑی والیا

ماڑی والیا رحمۃ اللہ علیہ

ماڑی والیا موڑ مہار وے
موڑ مہار، آ مل ہک وار وے
اُڈ وے کاواں کول سجن دے جاویں
میڈا جا کے رو رو حال سناویں
دکھاں کیتا بہت آزار وے
ماڑی والیا موڑ مہار وے
درد دکھاں دی ماری ہاں میں
کردی نت تیاری ہاں میں
سد کول مینوں ہک وار وے
ماڑی والیا موڑ مہار واے
رکھیاں تاہنگاں یار بلاسی
کدی تے میں تتڑی دے بھاگ جگاسی
نت روندی ہاں زار و نزار وے
ماڑی والیا موڑ مہار وے
اُڑ وے کاواں جا بیٹھ سجن دی بیری
دسیں جا کے کل حقیقت میری

بہت اداس تساڈی بیمار وے
ماڑی والیا موڑ مہار وے
درد دُکھاں نے گھیرا پایا
باہجھ سجن کسے دُکھ نہ ونڈایا
احسان تیرا لکھ ہزار وے
ماڑی والیا موڑ مہار وے
ماڑی دے وچ یار نے جھوکاں لایاں
آ مل ماہی اکھیاں ہن ترہایاں
ایہہ ہویاں بہت لاچار وے
ماڑی والیا موڑ مہار وے
جاندیا راہیا میرا پیغام لے جاویں
ڈھول میرے نوں بہت سلام ولاویں
دل ہویا بہوں بے قرار وے
ماڑی والیا موڑ مہار وے
رب کرے جئے میں ماڑی جاواں
ویکھ سجن نوں دل دیاں سکاں لاواں
تیر ہویا کلیجوں پار وے
ماڑی والیا موڑ مہار وے

ماڑی دے وچ بنیاں بہاراں
ہر پاسے دسدیاں ہُن گلزاراں
کدی میں غریب نوں سد مار وے
ماڑی والیا موڑ مہار وے
قادری خواجہ اُتوں جندڑی وارے
نالے رو رو عرض گزارے
دیہو بخش خطا ہاں اوگنہگار وے
ماڑی والیا موڑ مہار وے

Issues of Ethnic Diversity and Just Development in Pakistan with a Special Focus on the Seraiki Ethnic Group

Ethnicity implies the sense of belonging together as the cultural group in a given society. It is a complex combination of racial, cultural and historical characteristics by which people differentiate themselves from other groups. This research envisages the genesis and the evolution of ethnicity as a political concept, the problems of ethnicity in a heterogeneous, multicultural state and the phenomenon of ethno-nationalism in its historical and analytical perspective in the federation of Pakistan with special reference to the status of Seraiki ethnic group. In fact ethnic expressions exist in all multicultural states and distinct ethnic groups evaluate themselves through communal prism. The less privileged groups develop abhorrence against the over – privileged groups due to the persistence of socioeconomic injustices. Factors like the gap between core and periphery, asymmetrical modernization and authoritarian trends lead towards ethnic disruption. Same is the case with Pakistan, a multilingual, multiracial and multiethnic state with federating units reflecting various diversities. The analysis of ethno-nationalism in Pakistan highlights factors, like regional cultural identity, relative deprivation among regions, centralized state structure, denial of accepting regional language as national language, and the absence of democratic values as being the root causes of the Bengali separatism. The assimilationist policies of the government do not acknowledge the regional/ethnic aspirations. Denial of pluralistic approach has been thwarting the demand for provincial autonomy. The nature of ethnic consciousness in the Seraiki belt, analyzed in this article, is found to be nurtured by the perceived socio-economic injustice at intra-provincial level—between the regions of South Punjab and Central and Northern Punjab put together

Economics of Social Protection in Framework of Fiscal Policy: A Case Study of Pakistan

This dissertation covers the economics of social protection in the framework of fiscal policy in a couple of ways. It investigates the international and Pakistan scenario with respect to social protection to cure poverty. Social protection is a phenomenon that contains different policies and programs to mitigate poverty and vulnerability. The study contains different research questions like, how are structural and institutional features integrally related to the provision of social protection? Is it significant to mitigate poverty in the respective regions? It is also reviewed that social assistance, insurance and promotion of social rights represent social protection, where the objectives are to: protect, prevent, promote and transform the societies into economic power. Social protection is necessary to obtain better socio-economic status for which institutions of the country need to work efficiently. To explain the need and importance of fiscal space for social protection channels, five different emerging economies which are considered as a part of this dissertation. The study suggests an increase in tax revenue, reallocation of public spending, and debt reduction to generate fiscal space. A substantial level of government spending is evaluated for social protection programs in a global prospect. Rank and regression analysis is done to develop the results. A World Welfare Index (WWI) is generated by accommodating different social welfare indicators to measure the impact of social protection expenditures. Rank position of each country differs from rank to rank which indicate that these does not emphasize equally, on structural, institutional and welfare indicators. In the regression analysis, most of the structural and institutional variables are significant and justify the economic theory. Robustness check also proves the regression results. It is concluded that structural, institutional and welfare features are helpful to get a comprehensive view of the concerned economies. At a disaggregate level, rank and regression analysis was used across all the four provinces of Pakistan. The results of provincial analysis were similar to results as of the international level, which means that no province stands equally at high or low level in all the three ranks. Regression analysis proved that structural and institutional features are significant for provision of social protection and welfare standards in Pakistan. Finally, the role of social protection (education, health, social transfers and subsidies) is evaluated in the process of poverty reduction. An Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model was used to identify the short-run and long-run relation between the social protection and poverty and was found that the outreach of social protection via government expenditures on education, foreign aid and zakat play a significant role in poverty reduction in Pakistan.
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