Search from the Journals, Articles, and Headings
Advanced Search (Beta)
Loading...
Loading...
Loading...
Loading...
Loading...
Loading...

Conclusion

When we go through the history of Sub-continent it becomes clear that Islam entered in this area during the period of rightly guided Caliphs. In 92 A.H when Muhammad bin Qasim conquered Sindh and some other parts of the present Pakistan, many Tab‘een and some companions came in the Sub-continent. It is famous that Shāh Walī Allāh (d:1176 A.H) is the first person in Sub-continent who translated Holy Qur’an in Persian and urged to ponder over its meanings. But it is not true. Makhdūm Nūḥ Hālāe’ (d:998 A.H/1589A.D) translated the Qur’ān in the Persian language and he must be regarded as the pioneer of the translation works. Shāh Walī Allāh had to face opposition on translating the Holy Book. Later on, his sons followed him produced translations in Urdu. Many scholars have written tafasir (commentaries) of the Quran. When we analyze these commentaries, it seems that influence of different schools of thought is visible on them. Although Hanfi School of Thought is in the majority but there is a division in Hanfis as well. Salfi approach has also influence in Sub-continent. In some tafsir, Sufi approach can also be seen. Moudidi is the first person who presented a theory of political Islam and his tafsir Tafhīm al- Qur’ān advocates this aspect. Hameed-ud-Deen Farahi is the first person in the Sub-continent who highlighted Nazm-e-Qur’an and his student Maulānā Amīn Aḥsan Iṣlāḥī advocated his approach in Tadabbur-e-Qur’ān.

To sum up it can be said that in Sub-continent there is variety of approaches for understanding Qur’an. This is blessing of Allah Almighty that Holy Qur’an is being understood in different ways and every scholar is getting pearls of guidance as per his ability and approach.

الإعلام البديل ودوره في تشكيل الرأي العام الوطني: موريتانيا أنموذجا

انطلقت هذه الدراسة أساسا من محاولة وضع تعريف جامع مانع لمفهوم الإعلام البديل وكذا الدور الكبير الذي يلعبه في التشكلات الأولية للرأي العام الموريتاني. واستخدم الباحث في دراسة هذا الموضوع المنهج الوصفي التحليل. وقد توصلت الدراسة إلى أن الإعلام البديل يساهم بشكل كبير في تشكل وصناعة الرأي العام بمختلف تجلياته سواء تعلق الأمر بالرأي العام المنقاد أو المستنير. كما تبين من خلال التحليل عبر مباحث المقال أن الإعلام البديل له دور كبير في صناعة القرار السياسي، فقد بات واضحا أن العديد من القرارات التي تتخذها الحكومات تبنى على رغبات الرأي العام ومواقفه من قضايا تم نقاشها عبر مواقع التواصل الاجتماعي وهذا ما جعل بعض الباحثين يطلق مفهوم السلطة الرابعة على الإعلام.

A Study of the Relationship Between School Principals Leadership Styles and Teachers Organizational Commitment Moderating Role of Emotional Intelligence and Organizational Support.

This current research study was designed to study relationship between principals’ leadership styles and teachers’ organizational commitment with moderating role of emotional intelligence and perceived organizational support. This research study was conducted in three districts of Southern region of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. All principals and teachers in public sector schools and private sector school were taken as population of the study. However, 150 principals and 600 teachers were selected as sample size. Convenient and random sampling technique was used. Standardized research instruments were used for data collection. Total 8 null hypotheses were formulated. Correlation coefficient, regression analysis, mean score comparison and t-test were used. Only one hypothesis was accepted and 7 hypotheses were rejected. Significant relationship was found between principals’ leadership styles and teachers’ organizational commitment. Significant difference was found between public school principals and private school principals regarding dominant leadership style. Public school principals were inclined to democratic leadership style while private school principals were inclined to autocratic leadership style. Teachers of public school were more committed to profession and to institution while private school teachers were more committed to teaching. Significant relationship was determined between principals’ leadership styles and emotional intelligence. It was also found that public school teachers received more support from principal and from other colleagues than private school teachers. Result declared that principals’ emotional intelligence significantly and positively moderate relationship between principals leadership styles and teachers’ organizational commitment. It was also concluded from result that organizational support significantly and positively moderate relationship between principals’ leadership styles and teachers’ organizational commitment at secondary school level.
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel

Join our Whatsapp Channel to get regular updates.