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پروفیسر محمد اسلم

پروفیسر محمد اسلم مرحوم
یہاں بڑی تاخیر سے یہ افسوس ناک خبر ملی کہ پنجاب یونیورسٹی کے شعبہ تاریخ کے سابق استاد پروفیسر محمد اسلم ۶؍ اکتوبر کو اچانک حرکتِ قلب بند ہوجانے سے اس دنیا سے رخصت ہوگئے، اناﷲ وانا الیہ راجعون۔
ان کا خاص موضوع تاریخ ہند تھا، عہد سلطنت و دور مغلیہ کے حکمرانوں اور اس عہد کے مشائخ کے متعلق ان کے مقالات اور کتابوں کو علمی و تحقیقی حلقوں میں قدر و ستایش سے دیکھا گیا اور ان کی بڑی پذیرائی بھی ہوئی۔
طالب علمی کے زمانہ سے ہی تاریخ سے ان کو خاص لگاؤ رہا، پنجاب یونیورسٹی سے اسی مضمون میں انہوں نے ایم۔ اے کیا، مسلم یونیورسٹی علی گڑھ کے علاوہ انہوں نے برطانیہ میں ڈرہم، مانچسٹر اور کیمبرج یونیورسٹیوں سے بھی اکتساب علمی کیا۔ لاہور میں ڈاکٹریٹ کے لیے انہوں نے شاہجہاں کی مذہبی پالیسی کا عنوان منتخب کیا تھا، لیکن اس کی تکمیل سے پہلے ان کو یورپ جانے کا موقع ملا جس کی وجہ سے غالباً یہ مقالہ مکمل نہ ہوسکا۔
ان کی تحریری صلاحیتوں سے متاثر ہوکر شیخ محمد اکرام نے ان کو تحقیقی مضامین لکھنے پر آمادہ کیا، ۱۹۶۷؁ء سے یہ سلسلہ شروع ہوا تو برصغیر کے اکثر ممتاز رسائل و مجلات میں ان کی تحریریں شایع ہوتی رہیں، خاص طور پر رسالہ برہان دہلی کے صفحات پر ان کی نگارشات کثرت سے نظر آتی ہیں جن میں مقالات، تنقید و تقریظ اور تعزیتی مضامین وغیرہ شامل ہیں۔ معارف میں بھی ان کے کئی مضامین چھپے، دین الٰہی اور اس کا پس منظر، شاہان مغلیہ کا ذوق موسیقی، مسلمانوں کی جغرافیائی خدمات، فتوحات فیروز شاہی، مسجد قبا سے تاج محل تک، عربوں کے عہد میں سندھ میں علم و ادب، ہیر وارث شاہ کی تاریخی اہمیت، سلاطین دہلی، ہندو تہذیب اور ادب اور داراشکوہ کے...

I’Jaz Al-Qur’an Al-Karim an Evaluation of Historical Discourse and Dimensions

This paper aims at an evaluation of various approaches to define and redefine the classical theory of the I‘jaz (the inimitability of the Qur’ān) in the perspective of the challenges and problems faced by the Muslim society emphasising a need to cope with the rational thinking, modernity, scientific progress, psychological advancement and civilizational development, though there has been a comparatively lesser description of the rhetoricism of the Qur’ān too. It provides an account of scholarship exploring some novel dimensions of the matchlessness of the Qur’ān in the contemporaneous context. They have justified rationally and psychologically the Qur’ānic historic challenge of producing a book or its some surahs or few verses similar to the Qur’ān that has offered the irresistible call to the whole mankind: “Say: “If the whole of mankind and Jinns were to gather together to produce the like of this Qur’ān, they could not produce the like thereof, even if they backed up each other with help and support”. (Al-Isra 17: 88) The same challenge occurs in the Qur’ān on three previous occasions (Al-Baqarah, 2: 23-24; Yunus 10: 38, and Hūd 11: 13) and later also in al-Tūr (52: 33-34). The content of all the verses referred to above is in response to the allegation of the unbelievers that the Qur’ān had been composed by the Prophet (peace be on him) and then falsely ascribed to God. All this was refuted. This refutation of the Qur’ān was logically established by the modern Arabic scholars through their sound arguments.

Emerging Paradigm of Information and Communication Technologies Use in Teacher Training Institutions of Pakistan

The study “Emerging Paradigm of Information and Communication Technologies Use in Teacher Training Institutions of Pakistan” was conducted through survey approach. Main objectives of the study were to; (1) Assess the teachers’ and students’ attitude towards the use of ICTs, (2) Evaluate the existing situation of ICTs utilization, (3) Investigate the teachers’ and students’ skills to use these technologies and (4) Examine the barriers in the utilization of ICTs. 1805 students out of 3609 and 442 out of 442 teachers were taken as a sample of the study through random and universal sampling techniques respectively. A questionnaire was developed on five point Likert scale to elicit the opinions of students and teachers. The salient findings of the study were; (1) Majority of the teachers and students are frequent user of e-mailing, word-processing and Internet browsing. (2) A considerable number of teachers was infrequent user of spreadsheets. (3) Majority of the teachers opined that that they have good skills of e-mailing, word-processing, presentations and Internet browsing while they have insufficient skills to use spreadsheets. (4) Majority of the respondents both teachers and students opined that lack of training, power failure, lack of hardware and lack of confidence were major barriers in up taking these technologies. On the basis of the findings it was concluded that (1) Both teachers and students have positive attitude towards ICTs. (2) Both teachers and students are frequent user of e-mailing, word-processing and Internet browsing. (3) Both teachers and students have sufficient skills to use e-mailing, word-processing and Internet viiibrowsing while teachers have insufficient skills to use spreadsheets. Similarly students have insufficient skill to use spreadsheets and presentation technologies. (4) Major barrier to the uptake of ICTs were lack of training, power failure, lack of hardware and lack of confidence. Therefore, on the basis of these conclusions the following recommendations were made (1) Maximum deployment of these technologies may be ensured to address the barrier of lack of hardware. (2) A judicious policy may be developed and implemented for continuous training of technological usage so that teachers may become familiar with advancement in these technologies. (3) Use of spreadsheets and presentations may be enhanced (4) Especial emphasis may be given to address the problems of lack of training, power failure, lack of hardware and lack of confidence.
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Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel

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