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رئیس احمد جعفری

رئیس احمد جعفری
سید نجیب اشرف صاحب مرحوم کی موت کا زخم ابھی تازہ تھا کہ ندوے کے ایک اور نامور فرزند رئیس احمد جعفری نے بھی داغ مفارقت دیا، اکتوبر کی آخری تاریخوں میں پاکستان میں ان کا انتقال ہوا، جوار لکھنؤ کا قصبہ خیرآباد ان کا وطن تھا، مشہور شاعر، ریاض خیر آبادی کے نواسے تھے، راقم جب ندوہ میں آخری درجوں میں تھا، مرحوم ابتدائی درجوں میں تھے، عربی کی تعلیم کے بعد جامعہ ملیہ میں انگریزی کی تعلیم حاصل کی، پھر خلافت اخبار بمبئی کے اڈیٹوریل اسٹاف میں ملازم ہوگئے، بعد میں اس کے اڈیٹر بھی ہوگئے تھے، قیام پاکستان کے بعد لاہور چلے گئے۔
مرحوم میں تالیف و تصنیف کا ذوق فطری تھا، طالب علمی کے زمانے میں بھی خامہ فرسائی کیا کرتے تھے، ان کے قلم میں بڑا زور تھا، جس پر ان کی پہلی تصنیف سیرت محمد علی شاہد ہے، اس وقت ان کی عمر پچیس چھبیس سال سے زیادہ نہ رہی ہوگی، بڑے زودنویس تھے، ان کا قلم ہمیشہ رواں دواں رہتا تھا، بڑی بڑی ضخیم کتابیں چند دن میں لکھ ڈالتے تھے، ادب و افسانے سے لے کر تاریخ و مذہبیات تک میں ان کے قلم کی جولانی یکساں تھی، ہر صنف میں ان کی تصانیف موجود ہیں، اس دور کے مصنفین میں کثرت تصانیف کے لحاظ سے ان کا نام سرفہرست ہوگا، ادارہ ثقافت اسلامیہ لاہور کے قیام کے بعد اس سے متعلق ہوگئے تھے، اور اس کے لیے کئی کتابیں لکھیں، اس کے رسالہ ثقافت اسلامیہ حال المعارف میں ان کے مضامین نکلتے رہتے تھے، اس کے تازہ اکتوبر نمبر میں بھی ان کا ایک مضمون ’’عالم اسلام سے مسلمانان برعظیم کی وابستگی‘‘ شائع ہوا ہے، کیا خبر تھی کہ یہ ان کا آخری مضمون ہے۔ (شاہ معین الدین ندوی، نومبر ۱۹۶۸ء)

ابنِ تیمیہ کا فقہی مقام اور استنباطِ احکام کے اصول؛ایک تجزیاتی مطالعہ An analytical study of Ibn-e-Taymiyyah's jurisprudential position and principles of elicitation rules

In Islamic jurisprudence, there are different degrees of inference and reasoning. He is also a mujtahid who, while respecting the principle of a particular religion, differs from his religion only in its branches and does not go against the principles of that particular religion. There is also a mujtahid who has jurisdiction over both the principles and the rules. Such a mujtahid is not a follower of any of the jurisprudential religions. Taqi-ud-Din Ahmad ibn Taymiyyah remarkable, recognized, and medieval Sunni Theologian, jurisconsult, logician, and great reformer today, he is known by the title of Sheikh-ul-Islam. In some sciences and arts, he had Ijtihadi abilities and practitioners. He did not spare a single minute in expressing his critical ability and competence according to his instincts in principles and disciplines. Ibn Taymiyyah's critical ability and competence were manifested in the form of differences in the scientific world of the Islamic world. Due to this, Ibn Taymiyyah faced severe criticism from the academic circles all his life. In this article, it will be reviewed that Ibn Taymiyyah's jurisprudential and doctrinal differences came to light based on ijtihad, principles and his jurisprudential position and status and method of derivation and reasoning of the issues.

Aspartic Acid Racemization - a Precise Tool in Forensic Age Estimation in Human Dentin

BACKGROUND: Age estimation is a major concern in Forensic Medicine for its prime importance in legal, socioeconomic and other global issues like bomb explosions, mass migration & mass disasters both in alive or cadavers. Classical methods based on morphological, radiological or histological methods are being used. The precision and reliability of these methods have margin of error of ± 10 years. There is a need for development of a biological tool at molecular level. Amino acid racemization in dentin is found to be a precise model for age estimation with margin of error within ± 3 years. OBJECTIVES: Current study was designed to determine the correlation of coefficient of aspartic acid racemization (KR) with reference to age. Secondary objective of this study was calculation of margin of error between chronological age & calculated age by racemization method. Third objective was calculation of correlation of gender, socioeconomic status & different age categories with KR (Coefficient of racemization). MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was conducted in dental outpatients‘ clinics at Ziauddin Hospital, Karachi. The duration of study comprised of two years 2011-2013. It was a Cross sectional study and sampling technique was convenient sampling Sample size calculated was 116 subjects. ERC approval was taken. An oral expressed consent of patients was taken. Preliminary data including name, gender, chronological age (Y-M-D), socio-economic status, educational status, monthly income, occupation and any other factors affecting oral health was entered into a specially designed performa for this study. High-Pressure Liquid Chromatography was performed on each sample to quantify the L and D forms of aspartic acid in dentin. RESULTS: Total sample size was 116 subjects, which were divided into two groups – Test group of 85 subjects of known age group and Validation group of 31 subjects whose age were kept unknown to the researcher. 85 teeth samples of known age group (test group) were analyzed and D/L ratio of aspartic acid was estimated by HPLC technique. Regression line was derived from scatter plot graph and least square method was used to calculate the regression equation. The coefficient of racemization (KR) for each tooth was calculated using the formula KR = In [(1+D/L)/ (1- D/L). For checking whether regression equation would correctly predict the age, the proposed formula was applied for validation group of 31 teeth and then difference between actual age and predicted age of 31 samples were calculated. Co-efficient of determination was found to be 0.96, which show that regression equation for estimating age was 96% correct. There was a very strong positive correlation (0.98) observed between actual ages and co-efficient of racemization, which indicates that as age increases co-efficient of racemization increases. CONCLUSION: As the correlation coefficient proved to be strongly positive, it suggests racemization of human dentine could be used as a precise method for estimation of chronological age in living and in dead. The error of margin between calculated and chronological age was ± 2.44 years in 116 subjects. PValue was significant among different age groups. KR coefficient has significant correlation with age rather than gender and socioeconomic status. HPLC is a reliable technique to estimate the coefficient of racemization because it is highly reproducible, cost-effective and convenient. However there is a need for extensive research towards standardization of the method to enable quality assurance within and between laboratories.
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