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مولانا شاہ سلیمان قادری چشتی پھلواروی

شاہ سلیمان پھلواروی
ہندوستان کے مشہور پرانے عالم و واعظ و خطیب مولانا شاہ سلمان صاحب قادری چشتی پھلواروی نے جن کے نغموں نے ہمارے ملک کے پورے طول و عرض کو کم از کم نصف صدی تک پرشور رکھا تھا، وفات پائی، ۲۷؍صفر ۱۳۵۴؁ھ کی تاریخ جمعہ کے دن اور صبح ۷ بجے کا وقت تھا کہ یہ طوطیِ خوشنوا ہمیشہ کے لئے خاموش ہوگیا، پھلواری صوبہ بہار میں عظیم آباد پٹنہ سے ملحق ایک مردم خیز مشہور قصبہ ہے جہاں ڈیڑھ سو برس کے عرصہ میں بہت سے باکمال، اہل علم، علماء، صلحاء، مشایخ اور شعراء پیدا ہوئے، مرحوم بھی یہیں کے رہنے والے اور یہاں کے بزرگوں کے مستند و معتبر خانوادہ کے چشم و چراغ تھے، ستہتر، اٹھتر بر س کی عمر پائی، غالباً ۱۲۷۶؁ھ میں پیدا ہوئے۔
مرحوم کی جوانی کے عہد میں تین باکمالوں کے درس کی مسندیں ہندوستان میں بچھی تھیں، فرنگی محل لکھنؤ میں مولانا عبدالحئی صاحب، سہارنپور میں مولانا احمد علی صاحب اور دلّی میں مولانا سید نذیر حسین صاحب کی، شاہ صاحب مرحوم نے فیض کے ان تینوں سرچشموں سے فائدہ اٹھایا، پہلے فرنگی محل آئے اور یہاں سے فارغ ہوکر سہارنپور اور دہلی گئے، دلّی کے قیام کا زمانہ جس کو ان کی تعلیم کا آخری عہد کہنا چاہئے، ۱۲۹۷؁ھ مطابق ۱۸۸۰؁ء ہے۔
لکھنؤ کے قیام میں درسیات کو ختم کرنے کے بعد انہوں نے طب پڑھی اور اسی طبیب کی حیثیت سے انہوں نے دنیا میں اپنی زندگی کا آغاز کیا، چنانچہ شروع میں حکیم محمد سلیمان کہلائے اور اسی کا اثر تھا کہ شاعری میں جس کا چسکا ان کو بچپن سے تھا اور لکھنؤ کی صحبت میں جس کا چٹخارہ اور بڑھ گیا تھا، اپنا تخلص حاذقؔ رکھا تھا، وہ زیادہ تر اردو اور عربی میں کمتر فارسی میں شعر کہتے تھے،...

Critical Study of Moral Teachings of Islam and Buddhism for Promotion of Global Peace

All ancient and contemporary religions of the world like Buddhism, Zoroastrianism, Judaism, Christianity, Jainism and Islam emphasizes and attempts to uphold the highest moral and ethical values in human society in order to produce discipline and good will. Some of the religions strictly command for proper observance and submission to the laws and cannons", whereas the other religions do not stipulate strict allegiance to its principals, yet they nourish and treat human emotions and direct them for the general good of the society. On the whole, all religions aim at moral and ethical uplift of human beings, to install positivity in them and imbues the spirit of sacrifice, equality, affection, brotherhood and justice in mankind. Thus, these all facts testify that all religions, with some differences of pattern, propagate the message of love, Peace, equality, brotherhood, justice, Harmony and equity in the material age and greed-ridden epoch where individual profits and benefit overwhelm collective cause and general welfare of mankind. What we have done here in this paper is not to establish that one religion is better than the other but to demonstrate that almost all world religions stand for love, peace and harmony. There is no doubt, that all religions preach and advocate positive harmony among human beings but the message of Holy Prophet (SAW) is the only example who gave practical aspect of these theories. However, this paper elaborates this reality by a detailed comparison of Islam and Buddhism.

Motion Planning for Non-Holonomic Mobile Robots in Cluttered Environment

Motion planning for mobile robots has several important applications in industry, planetary operations, defence, and medical automation. Planning an optimal path for nonholonomic (such as car-like) mobile robots is a vital aspect of this domain. Rapidlyexploring Random Tree Star (RRT*) has gained immense popularity due to its feasibility for path planning of non-holonomic mobile robots. Moreover, it does not require explicit information of environment obstacles and also supports complex high dimensional problems very well. Though RRT* is widely used method for path planning of mobile robots; slow convergence rate, large memory requirements and sub-optimal jagged paths are its proven problems. Such jagged paths consume more fuel and time during path following process and exert robot’s controller module also. Incorporating smoothness in jagged paths by satisfying differential constraints during planning phase increases the complexity of problem. Another solution is to use post processing smoothness techniques. However, after applying smoothness, resultant smooth path deviates the robot from planned path and introduces collision again. Since, most of the robots are battery operated; therefore planned path is required to be time and energy efficient, i.e., smooth and short. This thesis presents a comprehensive overview of state of the art path planning and path smoothing approaches. Secondly, a planning algorithm RRT*-Adjustable Bounds (RRT*-AB) is proposed to resolve the aforementioned issues in RRT*. The proposed planner has introduced novel strategies for space exploration and path optimization. Robustness and efficiency of proposed algorithm is tested using different environment maps of standard robotic datasets. These environment maps are cluttered with structured and unstructured obstacles, including narrow and complex maze cases. A thorough performance comparison along with numerical and theoretical complexity analysis of the proposed approach with state of the art techniques, i.e., RRT* and RRT*-Smart is also presented. Performance analysis shows that proposed approach has significantly improved path length, execution time and memory requirements even in narrow and dense environment. It has improved convergence rate up to 93 percent. Further, a path smoothing approach is applied to make the planner generated path feasible for non-holonomic mobile robots. The proposed smoothing approach uses clamped B-spline with automatic and economical control point adjustment while maintaining collision-free route. It also improves smooth path by eliminating post smoothness collisions, if any with desired smoothness. Proposed smoothing approach generates collision-free smooth path with reduced path length and execution time. In the end, thesis concludes with future research directions.
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