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ڈاکٹر محمد اسحاق جم خانہ والا

آہ! ڈاکٹر محمد اسحاق جم خانہ والا مرحوم
انجمن اسلام ممبئی کے صدر ڈاکٹر محمد اسحاق جم خانہ والا عین شعبان و رمضان کے قرآن کے سایے میں اپنے رب کی رحمتوں سے جاملے، اناﷲ وانا الیہ راجعون۔
ہندوستان میں جن چند اداروں کو مسلمانوں نے اپنے زوروزر سے قائم کیا اور جنہوں نے ترقی اور کامیابی کے سفر میں مسلسل نئی منزلیں طے کیں ان میں ایک نہایت نمایاں نام ممبئی کی انجمن اسلام کا ہے، قریباً یہی بات ڈاکٹر محمد اسحاق جم خانہ والا کے متعلق بھی صادق آتی ہے، جن کی کتاب زندگی کے بعض ابواب کی سرخیاں طب اور سیاست سے روشن ہیں، خلق خدا کی خدمت میں انہوں نے ایک حاذق اور شفیق معالج کی حیثیت سے شہرت پائی، سیاست میں بھی ایک حازم اور خلیق وزیر کی شکل میں ان کی شناخت ہوئی لیکن ان کی اصل خدمت ، تعلیم کے میدان میں ممبئی ہی نہیں پورے مہاراشٹر کے مسلمانوں کے سامنے انجمن اسلام کی کارکردگی کو کارنامے میں بدلنا ہے۔
انجمن اسلام جب ۱۸۷۴؁ء میں قائم ہوئی تھی تو اس کے بانیویں خصوصاً اس کے پہلے صدر بدرالدین طیب جی کے سامنے یہ اذیت ناک سچائی تھی کہ ممبئی اور پونا کے اعلا تعلیمی اداروں اور مہاراشٹر کے ہائی اسکولوں میں مسلمانوں کی تعداد صفر کے برابر تھی، ۱۸۸۰؁ء میں ممبئی یونیورسٹی کے میٹرک میں پاس ہونے والے طلبہ کی تعداد ۱۵,۲۴۷ تھی جن میں مسلمان صرف ۴۸ تھے، انجمن اسلام کے قیام نے اس صورت حال کو کتنا بدلا، یہاں اس کی تفصیل کی ضرورت نہیں لیکن اس کی قریب سوسال کی تاریخ میں بدرالدین طیب جی کے بعد متعدد نامور ہستیوں نے اس کی ذمہ داری لی، ان سب میں نسبتاً سب سے کم عمر ڈاکٹر محمد اسحاق مرحوم جب ۱۹۸۳؁ء میں اس انجمن میں آئے تو...

A Phenomenological Study of the Lived Experiences of Tagumpay National High School Teachers Involved in Online Learning Action Cell Session

A qualitative phenomenological approach was used in this study to describe the lived experiences of Tagumpay National High School (TNHS) teachers on Online Learning Action Cell (LAC) session. LAC is a school-based professional development for teachers implemented by the Philippine Department of Education (DepEd). Due to teacher’s lack of participation on classroom LAC, a fully-online mode option is explored by offering TNHS teachers Online LAC session using Facebook as a Learning Management System (LMS). To capture the lived experience of teachers, an in-depth interview with a purposive sample of one TNHS teacher is done in the process. The data gathered went through “Hycner’s Explicitation Process” (1999, in Groenewald, 2004) which includes bracketing, delineating, clustering, summarizing and extracting unique themes. Validity and Credibility were accomplished through an intercoder agreement between researchers, Facebook chat records, bracketing, and member checking. Results identified three themes in relation to teacher’s experience of Online LAC session including usefulness, barriers, and preference. Findings revealed the major role of TNHS teacher’s context on how Online LAC is utilized. Recommendations include administrator and expert teacher working with classroom teachers and the inclusion of teachers’ voices as input in the program design, implementation and evaluation stages of Online LAC to better address curriculum needs and facilitate the delivery of high-quality professional development for teachers’ professional growth.

Most Common Risk Factors, Treatment and Molecular Analysis of Hepatitis C Virus in the Underprivileged Population of Islamabad

We initially screened 754 healthy individuals for anti-HCV, consisting of 415 females and 339 males, using cluster random sampling method. The overall active prevalence of HCV in apparently healthy individuals was found 19.2% (145 individuals) in the underprivileged population of Islamabad, Pakistan. We found higher prevalence in females as compare to males. Among the most common risk factors responsible for the transmission of HCV were history of caesarean section and piercing, low literacy rates, gender, marital status, risk from HCV infected individuals within the family, circumcision and previous history of dental surgery. We assessed the role of different factors, e.g. gender, age, IL28B (rs12979860) polymorphism and viral genotype that could affect the therapy response. We reported that only IL28B (rs12979860) had strong association with positive treatment outcomes. After six month of combined therapy of ribavirin and interferon, 20 patients were positive for HCV while 47 people cleared HCV RNA. The most dominant genotypes were HCV-3a (62.68%), followed by HCV-1a (26.86%) and untypable HCV (10.44%) genotype in underprivileged areas of Islamabad. CC (81.57%) was the most prevalent followed by CT (55.55%) and TT (9%) rarest polymorphism. Our study also included a unique case of multidrug resistant HCV patient. The patient was scrutinized for IL28B polymorphisms [rs12978960 (CT), rs8099917 (GT)] to discover the resistant nature of HCV to antiviral therapy. Several reports have shown mutations associated with resistance to modern antiviral like sofosbuvir. In addition, sequencing, phylogenetic analysis, molecular modelling and docking of NS3 protein was also carried out. In the present study, 3D structure of NS3 of HCV genotype 3a, isolated from infected patient, was reported for the first time. Keeping in view the importance of protein-inhibitor interactions, we successfully identified a potent inhibitor against NS3 model using molecular docking approach. Compound 1 predicted in the current study, showed high binding affinity against the modelled protein. Compound 1found binding inside the ATP binding site with few residues of helicase domain of NS3. It also developed hydrogen bond interactions unlike FDA approved (Telaprevir and Boceprevir) NS3 protease inhibitors. The study can serve as model to design dual antiviral inhibitors against other HCV genotypes in future.
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