Search from the Journals, Articles, and Headings
Advanced Search (Beta)
Loading...
Loading...
Loading...
Loading...
Loading...
Loading...

مولانا ظفر ؔعلی خان

مرزا سلطان احمد
افسوس ہے کہ اعظم گڑھ کی ممتاز مقبول شخصیت مرزا سلطان احمد صاحب رٹائر ممبر بورڈ آف ریونیو نے طویل علالت کے بعد گزشتہ ۱۷؍ فروری کو انتقال کیا وہ پرانے علیگ اور اپنے زمانہ کے لائق ترین عہدہ داروں میں تھے، اپنی قابلیت سے ڈپٹی کلکٹری سے کلکٹری اور بورڈ کی ممبری تک ترقی کی اور جہاں رہے اپنی دیانتداری اور شرافت سے مقبول و نیک نام رہے، بڑے عہدہ داروں میں ایسے شریف اور خلیق انسان کم دیکھنے میں آئے ہیں، ان کا خمیر ہی اخلاق و شرافت سے گوندھا گیا تھا، ادنی و اعلیٰ ہر شخص کے ساتھ ان کا اخلاق یکساں تھا، ہر ملنے والے کے ساتھ کوئی نہ کوئی ایسی خصوصیت ضرور برتتے تھے جس سے اس کو یہ محسوس ہوتا کہ وہ اس کے ساتھ خاص تعلق رکھتے ہیں۔
بڑے وضعدار، فیاض اور مہمان نواز تھے جس سے جس قسم کے تعلقات تھے، اس کو عمر بھر نباہا، ملازمت کے زمانہ میں ان کا دستر خوان بڑا وسیع اور گھر مستقل مہمان خانہ تھا، ان کے اعزہ و احباب میں سے کوئی نہ کوئی ان کے یہاں مستقل مقیم رہتا تھا اور جس کو ضرورت ہوتی اس کی نقدی سے بھی مدد کرتے تھے، ہر حاجت مند کی مدد کے لیے ہر وقت تیار رہتے تھے اور اس کے لیے ایسے کام کر گزرتے تھے جس کی ہمت ہر شخص نہیں کرسکتا، وہ بڑے تنخواہ دار تھے لیکن جو کچھ کمایا سب صرف کردیا، اعظم گڑھ میں دو ہی ایسے شخص تھے جنھوں نے بہت پیدا کیا، مگر اپنے بعد کچھ نہیں چھوڑا، ایک مرزا صاحب، دوسرے اقبال سہیل مرحوم ملازمت سے ریٹائر ہونے کے بعد حکومت نے ان کے سامنے پبلک سروس کمیشن کی ممبری پیش کی، مگر انھوں نے وطن چھوڑنا پسند نہ کیا اور اعظم...

A Comparative Analysis of Surāh Al-Mulk in the Light of Classical and Contemporary Tafasir

This research aims to draw attention towards the difference between the style of classical and contemporary exegeses. The purpose of this study is to help comprehend the explanation of Surāh Al-Mulk through different exegeses and bring into the light the difference between classical and contemporary exegeses styles, expression and methodologies. This research will highlight the importance of sources used in the elaboration of Tafs┘r. Ethical considerations were taken into account while conducting this research. As this study required the description and surveys from the books and research papers, researcher remained trustee and truthful throughout the research. The ethical consideration, which includes moral obligations for referring the quoted material to the actual writer and delivering truth in front of the readers were followed strictly.

Evaluation of Synthetic Epsps Gene in Genetically Transformed Plants

Codon optimized synthetic epsps gene was used to develop transgenic tobacco and sugarcane lines using Agrobacterium and biolistic approach, respectively. Putative transgenic tobacco lines analyzed by qRT-PCR showed variable mRNA transcript levels. Southern hybridization performed for determining gene integration patterns showed multiple copy inserts (1-4) of transgene in various tested lines. Immunoblot strips confirmed the translation of cp4-epsps mRNA transcripts in T1 line. Malachite green assay showed variable EPSPS activity levels in various lines in response to glyphosate application. Transgenic tobacco lines exposed to 1% (v/v) glyphosate at 4 to 5 leaf stage showed variable resistance levels ranging from moderate level tolerance to high tolerance. The cp4-epsps mRNA transcript levels varied from genotype to genotype in tested transgenic sugarcane lines regardless of the integration of multiple copy number (3-6) of transgene. Genetic transformation with pyramided constructs results in the integration of multiple genes at a single locus, which is desirable in terms of expression efficiency of transgenes. The cp4-epsps gene was pyramided with insect resistant cry1Ac and cry2Ab genes and cloned in pSb187 vector was used to genetically transform tobacco using Agrobacterium mediated approach. Transgenic lines were confirmed through PCR using gene specific primers of respective genes. The mRNA transcript level of cp4-epsps gene detected through qRT-PCR using GAPDH gene as an internal control was found to be variable among different transgenic lines. Transgenic lines were tested for checking the translational efficiency of all three genes using immunoblot strips. Transgenic tobacco lines found expressing all three proteins were subjected to detached leaf insect bioassays to evaluate the effectiveness of Bt genes in putative transgenic tobacco against insect attack using first instar larvae from Spodoptera littura and Helicoverpa armigera. Transgenic tobacco found to be resistant against these insects showed that cry1Ac and cry2Ab genes were efficient enough in pyramided form. When these transgenic tobacco lines were exposed to glyphosate at 10 to 12 leaf stage, chlorotic symptoms were observed which hinted that herbicide tolerance potential of transgene declined with increasing age of the plants. In order to overcome the spatio temporal gene expression issues, a dual copy epsps expression cassette synthesized under different regulatory elements, cloned in pGreen0029 binary vector was used to generate transgenic tobacco. These tobacco lines exhibited excellent resistance against 19% (v/v) glyphosate at 10-12 leaf stage. This construct has shown tremendous potential regarding transgene expression levels which is required in the field crops. This dual cassette cp4-epsps gene has been recommended for generation of glyphosate resistant cotton and other commercially important cultivars.
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel

Join our Whatsapp Channel to get regular updates.