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مولانا محمد سورتی

مولانا محمد سُورتی ؒ
پچھلے مہینہ کا سب سے اندوہناک علمی حادثہ مولانا محمد سورتی کی وفات ہے، مرحوم اس عہد کے مستثنیٰ دل و دماغ اور حافظہ کے صاحب علم تھے، جہاں تک میری اطلاع ہے اس وقت اتنا وسیع النظر، وسیع المطالعہ، کثیر الحافظہ عالم موجود نہیں، صرف و نحو، لغت و ادب و اخبار و انساب و رجال کے اس زمانہ میں در حقیقت وہ امام تھے، وہ چند ماہ سے مرض استسقا میں مبتلا تھے، علی گڑھ میں ان دنوں قیام تھا اور وہیں ۷؍ اگست کو بروز جمعہ وفات پائی۔
مرحوم کا اصلی وطن سورت (گجرات) تھا، وطن میں ابتدائی تعلیم پاکر یہ دلّی آئے اور رامپور میں مولانا محمد طیب صاحب مکی کا تلمذ حاصل کیا، میری ان کی پہلی ملاقات ۱۹۰۸؁ء میں ہوئی، جب مولانا طیب مکی رامپور چھوڑ کر دارالعلوم ندوہ لکھنؤ میں ادیب اول کے عہدہ پر فائز تھے، فاضل استاد کے ساتھ یہ لائق شاگرد بھی لکھنؤ وارد ہوا اور اس زمانہ سے لے کر اخیر تک ان کے ساتھ میری علمی رفاقت اور ذاتی دوستی کا سلسلہ قائم رہا، معارف بھی ان کے رشحات قلم سے کبھی کبھی مستفید ہوتا رہا ہے۔
مرحوم اس فضل و کمال کے باوجود ہمیشہ پریشان حال رہے اور کہیں ایک جگہ جم کر بیٹھنا ان کو نصیب نہ ہوا، اس کا نتیجہ یہ ہوا کہ ان کے علم سے استفادہ بہت کم کیا جاسکا اور کوئی کارآمد تصنیف بھی اپنی یادگار نہ چھوڑ سکے اور نہ کوئی لائق شاگرد ہی ان کا قائم مقام ہوسکا، البتہ چند جسمانی اولاد ان کی یادگار ہیں۔
ایک زمانہ میں جامعہ ملیہ دہلی میں معلم رہے، پھر بنارس کے جامعہ رحمانیہ میں مدرس ہوئے، بعد کو بمبئی میں ایک اہلحدیث مدرسہ میں حدیث کا درس دینے لگے تھے، ٹونک کے مشہور کتب خانہ کی...

مولانا شاہ حکیم محمد اختر: حیات و خدمات

Molana Shah Hakeem Mohammad Akhter was born in 1923 in Partabgarh UP India. He received Medical Education from Unani Medical College Ellah Abad and Islamic Education under a great saint Shah Abdul Ghani Phoolpuri in Madrasa Bait ul Aloom. He was a born Sofi, an eminent Islamic scholar, a great philanthropist, an established writer and a great reformer. He wrote more than 200 books. He also established an Islamic University, Asharaf ul Madaris. Thousands of scholars are his pupils, followers and disciples. He imparted them both Aloom-e-Shareyat and Tareeqat. In 2001 he founded an Islamic NGO naming “Al-Akhtar trust International” for helping the suffering humanity. During these days society was ridden with un-Islamic trends and practices Shah Hakeem Mohammad Akhter emerged to rooted out these evils from the society. It will not be wrong to say that Shah Hakeem Mohammad Akhter like his spiritu-al mentor (Maulana Ashraf Ali Thanvi) was the real inherent of Ulama-e-deoband. The aim of this article is to present over view of biography and invalua-ble services which he rendered for tasawwuf and noble cause of humanity.

Synthesis, Identification, Biological Investigation and Molecular Docking Studies of Aromatic/Heterocyclic Derivatives As Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors

Monoamine oxidase inhibition offers potential therapeutic target for the management of depression and Parkinson’s disease. Keeping this in view, the present study was designed to select and synthesize potential scaffolds followed by monoamine oxidase inhibition, computational studies, behavioral and neurochemical assessments. Five different types of scaffolds (pyrazolobenzothiazine-based carbothioamides, chromones, chalcones and quinoline carboxylic acid derivatives) and a synthetic compound oxatomide were selected for this study based on their potential to interact therapeutically with MAO enzyme. Their various derivatives were synthesized and structurally characterized using spectroscopic methods i.e., mass and NMR. All compounds were subjected to monoamine oxidase A and B inhibition assay using the kynuramine or the amplex red method. The data showed that pyrazolobenzothiazinebased carbothioamides held significant potential to inhibit both MAO-A and B. Compounds 2-(4-(3,4-dimethyl-5,5-dioxidobenzo pyrazolo[4,3-c][1,2]thiazin-2(4H)yl) benzylidene)-N-(p-tolyl) hydrazine carbothioamide (3b) (IC50 = 0.003 ± 0.0007 mM) and N-(4-ethylphenyl)-2-(4-(4-methyl-5,5-dioxido-3-phenylbenzo pyrazolo[4,3c][1,2]thiazin-2(4H)-yl) benzylidene) hydrazine carbothioamide (4d) (IC50 = 0.02 ± 0.001 mM) inhibited the enzyme with efficacy comparable to that of the standard inhibitors, clorgyline and deprenyl. Computational docking studies revealed that 3b showed interaction to Tyr407 and Tyr444 pi-interactions from 4-methylphemyl zone of molecule, and the bezothiazine ring was oriented to hydrophobic pocket of the active site. The amino acids Ile325, Ile335, Phe352, Tyr69 and Tyr197 showed Van der Waals interactions while amino acids Tyr407, Gln215, Val210, Phe208, Ile180, and Cys323 showed polar interaction to flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD). Kinetic data revealed compound 3b as a noncompetitive inhibitor. Phenothazine ring of 4d showed pi-stacked-interactions to Tyr398 and Tyr435. Ethylphenyl-side was oriented to entrance cavity. Van der Waals interactions were found with Phe103, Leu164, Phe168, Ile199, Tyr326 and Phe34. Apart from π-π interactions with the Tyr398 and Tyr435, FAD and other residues such as Gln206 and Ile316 showed polar interactions with 4d. Thus aryl substitution was necessary for the observed function of these molecules. Enzyme kinetics showed 4d to be a competitive inhibitor for MAO-B. These compounds were tested for their efficacy in-vivo. The compound 3b caused significant decline in the immobility time in tail suspension test, while compound 4d significantly reversed the effect of rotenone as suggested by the remarkable increase in time spent on Rotarod. Hence, it can be deduced that both of this compounds have the ability to reach CNS to produce their desired effects. Their effects were further confirmed by neurotransmitter analysis. The brains from 3b treated animals showed significant increase in the levels of norepinephrine and serotonin alone with decline of its metabolite i.e., 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid. However, the 4d treatment caused significant increase in dopamine levels with corresponding decline in its metabolites i.e., 3,4 dihydroxyphenylacetic acid and homovanilic acid. The aforementioned analysis is suggestive of preferential effect of 3b and 4d on MAO A and B, respectively in vivo. Hence, both of these compounds are suitable candidates for the development of MAO inhibition based therapy for the management of depression and Parkinson’s disease.
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