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اٹھائے کچھ ورق

          آ ج تک ادبی تناظر میں سیالکوٹ کے حوالے سے جب بھی بات ہوئی، جب بھی قلم اٹھایا گیا، جب بھی کوئی صدا بلند ہوئی شعری ادب ہی طبع آ زمائی کا موضوع ٹھہرا۔ یہ پہلی دفعہ ہے کہ '' تاریخ ادبیات سیالکوٹ'' کے ذریعے ڈاکٹر نصیر احمد اسد کے زشحات قلم نے شاعری،نثر، تنقید اور اقبال شناسی چار پہلوؤں پر نقد و نظر کی ہے۔ یہ کتاب بطور خاص ڈاکٹر صاحب کے پی ایچ ڈی مقالہ '' سیالکوٹ میں نقدو ادب کی روایت'' کے اس سفر کا تسلسل اور سنگ میل ہے جس کا آ غاز ان کے ایم فل کے مقالہ سے ہوا تھا۔ ڈاکٹر صاحب اس مقالے کے ذریعے قبل مسیح سے آ ج تک کے تعلیمی مرکز اقبال کے سیالکوٹ کے بارے میں شجر طہر انی کی طویل تاریخی نظم ''سالباہن کی نگری '' کو منظر عام پر لانے کا شکریہ، برناباس کی انجیل کے گم شدہ انگریزی ترجمہ کے اردو مترجم استاد مکرم آ سی ضیائی رام پوری کو بھی یاد کرنے کا شکریہ۔ آ سی ضیائی کے حوالے سے آ پ نے کیا خوب لکھا ہے۔'' آ سی ضیائی رام پوری بھی اپنی شاعری اور نثر میں حمدیہ اور نعتیہ لہجہ رکھتے ہیں۔ آ پ کی نعتیہ نظموں میں منفرد اسلوب اظہار،ندرت بیان اور فکری و جذباتی اپیل پائی جاتی ہے۔ ایک عاشق رسول ہونے کے ناطے آ پ کی تب و تاب اور سوز و ساز عمل کا ایک پیغام ہے''

          ڈاکٹر صاحب نے صدیوں کی تہیں کھول کر اہل سیالکوٹ کی خدمات کے خزانے بر آ مد کئے ہیں۔ اس کتاب کے توسط سے ہم کشمیر پر بھارت کے غاصبانہ قبضہ کے خلاف مزاحمتی ادب تخلیق کرنے والے سیالکوٹ کے ادیبوں کو بھی سلام پیش کرتے ہیں۔

          سیالکوٹ میں

پشتو نثر میں سیرت نگاری کا ایک علمی و تجزیاتی مطالعہ: منتخب کتب سیرت کی روشنی میں

Due to the significance of Sīrah, Muslim scholars started writing about it from the very beginning of Islam. Pashto language, like other major languages, contains the Sīrah writings. There are two types of Sīrah writings in Pashto language. The first type of books are written for a common man, in a very simple language and style, just to get guidance from the Sīrah of the Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H). This type of books were discussed by Dr. Sa’īdullah Qaḍī in his article “Sīrah books in Pashto Language” published in “Al-Ḥaq” Monthly Journal of Jami’a Dārul Uloom Ḥaqqānia, Akora Khattak. The second type of Sīrah books are written after deep research and criticism of the narrations. But it is worth mentioning that no comprehensive research has been carried out so far which can cover both types of books. Therefore an analysis of the Selected Sīrah writings in Pashto Language has been made, to explore the remarkable Sīrah writings in Pashto Language.

Prevalence and Risk Indicators for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Adhd in Children at the Aga Khan University Hospital Nairobi

Background: ADHD is the most common childhood neurobehavioural disorder. Affected children experience significant functional problems affecting their relationships with family and peers and academic underachievement. Objectives: The primary objective of this study was to determine prevalence of ADHD in children aged 6-12 years attending Aga Khan University hospital Nairobi Paediatric Casualty. The secondary objective was to ascertain if medically attended physical injury and poor academic performance were risk indicators for ADHD. Additionally, this study set out to determine the diagnostic utility of Vanderbilt Assessment Scale (VAS) compared to DSM-IV in diagnosing ADHD and establish if there is an association between ADHD and co-morbid conditions. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted and study participants were recruited from the paediatric casualty. The Principal Investigator used the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria to make a diagnosis of ADHD and parents thereafter filled out the VAS and risk assessment forms consisting of questions about injury and academic performance. Data collected were analysed using STATA. Results: A total of 240 children were recruited. Prevalence of ADHD in children aged 6-12 years at the Aga Khan University Hospital Paediatric casualty was found to be at 6.3% (95%CI 3.7-10.3). The odds of repeating a class when a child had ADHD is 20.2 (95%CI4.0-100.4 p<0.001). A total of 72 children had medically attended injuries. Odds of having an injury when a child had ADHD was 2.9 (95%CI 1.0-8.4 p=0.04) and only two types of injuries were found in the children with ADHD namely; burns (67%) and wounds (37%). Co-morbidities for ADHD; Oppositional Defiant Disorder, anxiety, depression and conduct disorders were not significantly associated with ADHD. v VAS had a sensitivity of 66.7% (95%CI 39-87) and specificity of 99% (95%CI 96-99). Positive predictive value was 83% (95%CI 50-97) and negative predictive value 98% (CI 95-99). Likelihood Ratio (LR +) was 75 (95%CI 18.0-311) and Likelihood Ratio (LR-) was 0.3 (95%CI 0.2-0.7). Conclusion and Recommendations: The ADHD prevalence in this study is similar to global prevalence of 5.29% and other African countries such as Congo and Nigeria where the prevalence was 6% and 8% respectively. Concurrence in prevalence indicates the burden of disease is similar across the three African countries and is comparable to what is happening globally. Consequently, the magnitude of the negative impact ADHD has in the local setting needs to be investigated and compared to other countries to establish its effects on children. Injury and poor academic performance were
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