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سردار نرنجن سنگھ لانبہ

لانبہ ، سردار نرنجن سنگھ
انتقال پر ملال
حضرت مفتی عتیق الرحمن عثمانی ؒ کے انتہائی عقیدت مند سردار نرنجن سنگھ لانبہ ۴ جنوری ۱۹۹۳ء کی علی الصبح کو اچانک انتقال فرماگئے۔ وہ ۸۴ سال کے تھے۔ اور بڑے ہی مخلص اور غریبوں کے ہمدرد و بہی خواہ تھے۔ بہت بڑے کاروباری ہوتے ہوئے بھی بے سہاروں، بیواؤں، یتیموں کی فلاح و بہبودگی کے کاموں میں بڑھ چڑھ کر حصہ لیتے تھے، انسانیت کی خدمت میں ہمیشہ جٹے رہتے تھے۔
مفتی عتیق الرحمن عثمانی کے جاں نثار و فدا ئی تھے، ان سے تعلق ِخصوصی قیام پاکستان سے قبل راولپنڈی ہی سے تھا، برابر خط و کتابت رہتی تھی۔ قیام پاکستان کے بعد مفتی صاحب کی عقیدت و محبت ہی انہیں دہلی کھینچ لائی تھی۔ تعصبات و تنگ نظری سے بالکل پاک و صاف تھے، بلا لحاظ مذہب و ملّت ضرورت مندوں کی امداد کرتے رہتے تھے۔ حضرت مفتی عتیق الرحمن عثمانی کے انتقال کی خبر ملتے ہی بلک بلک کر رونے لگے اور کہنے لگے کہ آج ہمارے مسلمانانِ ہند اور ملک کے اوپر سے سایہ ٔ شفقت اٹھ گیا ہے۔ مفتی صاحب کے جنازے میں باوجود سخت بیماری و تکلیف کے جامع مسجد سے مہندیان تک پیدل ہی چلتے رہے، لوگوں نے ان کے درد کی شدت کو محسوس کرتے ہوئے انھیں سواری میں بیٹھنے کے لیے کہا تو بولے کہ جس ہستی نے ملک و قوم کی خدمت میں اپنی پوری زندگی قربان کردی اس ہستی کے لیے ہم پیدل بھی نہیں چل سکتے کیا؟
حقیقت تو یہ ہے کہ لانبہ صاحب قدیم روایات و تہذیب کے امین تھے۔ ان کے انتقال سے ایک خلا سا محسوس ہورہا ہے ۔ حق تعالیٰ سے دعاہے کہ ان کے انتقال پر ملال پر ہم سب کو، ان کے متعلقین کو اور ان کے تمام...

Influence of Educational and Financial Status of Parents on the Academic Performance of Secondary School Students: A Case Study in Hyderabad Division-Sindh

This research is conducted, in order to analyze the students’ academic performance at secondary school level in Pakistan. This is a case study conducted in Hyderabad Division of Sindh Province in Pakistan. The study was focused to the students who have passed matriculation class (Class-X), equivalent to secondary level in Pakistan(10 years of education). Sample size of 1097 higher Secondary level students were randomly selected from various colleges and schools in a way that around 150 students should take part in the survey from each institute. The sample selection was further divided on gender (Male = 448, Female = 648) and locale (Urban=455, Rural=641) basis. A data collection questionnaire was developed by the researchers and implemented for data collection. After collection of the data from desired population, the statistical analysis based on Pearson’s Chi-square and Correlation models were carried out in SPSS. The conclusion inferred from the data analysis of the study, strongly revealed that the students’ academic achievement at high school secondary level was highly associated to their parent’s educational level and socio-economic background. Therefore, it is strongly recommended financial condition of the population must be enhanced by taking appropriate measures. In order to coup tough financial conditions at their homes, deprived students should be provided adequate scholarships. Free stationary and books should also be provided at schools.

Determinants of Quality Diffusion in Smes in Upstream Supply Chains for Future Competitiveness

SMEs occupy an important place in economic growth and equitable development in all countries. Constituting as high as 99% of enterprises, SMEs contribute to the growth of the national economy through employment creation, investments and exports. While SMEs provide more than 80% of industrial jobs in Pakistan, man- ufacturing SMEs have shown an dismal growth profile. The manufacturing sector, except the textiles, that has not performed well in exports since the 1960s, is now being challenged in the home markets as well. While SMEs are considered inherently resource constrained around the world, thus unable to invest in business development initiatives, the SMEs in Pakistan present an extreme case where an average SME has 1300% less turnover compared to an average EU SME, thus is much weaker. With widely known and accepted infrastruc- tural and policy limitations which inhibit SMEs in Pakistan from growing to their full potential, Diffusion of Innovations (DOI) has tremendous potential to offer al- ternate solutions for SME growth. If integrated successfully in the upstream supply chains of larger businesses, SMEs can improve their quality and quality management practices through effective supplier development by larger businesses. Such supplier development is of-course a win-for-all solution, since in today’s business environ- ment of focusing on core competencies, only well performing suppliers can ensure that the large businesses perform well. This thesis attempts to demystify the supply chain networks in a high context econ- omy like Pakistan, using the strengths of these networks to accelerate the positive diffusion of quality management practices. It attempts to develop the understand- ing of Pakistan’s business culture along-with examining the current health of quality management and supplier development activities in Pakistan through empirical re- search. All results have been consolidated through triangulations employing case studies, structured interviews and surveys. Based on this knowledge, the thesis in- vestigates the determinants of the diffusion of practices from buyers to suppliers. Developing the knowledge of these determinants can form a basis of manufacturing sector SMEs development in Pakistan by exploiting the strengths of Pakistan’s so- cial and business culture. Based on the results, the thesis offers a consolidated set of recommendations, which if employed could potentially bring about the revitalization of the manufacturing sector of Pakistan.
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