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عثمان غنی
عثمان غنی
1964ء کو راولپنڈی پیدا ہوئے ۔سکول کے زمانے میں 1979ء کو پی ایس ایف میں شامل ہوئے ۔ریاست مخالف سر گرمیوں اور ضیاء مخالف احتجاجی ریلیوں میں شریک ہو نے کے الزام میں گرفتار ہو ئے ۔جیل کی اسیری کے دوران سگریٹ کے پنوں سے تاج بنا کر اپنی چھوٹی بہن شاہدہ جبین کو دیا کہ جب بے نظیر بھٹو میری تعزیت کے لیے ہمارے گھر آئیں تو انہیں یہ تاج پہنانا ۔ فوجی عدالت کی طرف سے سزا سنائی گئی اور1983ء میں انھیں پھانسی دے دی گئی ۔پھانسی کے وقت آپ کی عمر 19سال تھی ۔عثمان غنی کی پھانسی کے بعد اس کی بہن شاہدہ جبین نے PSFجوائن کر لی ۔
تحديات العولمة للشباب ومواجهتها في ضوء السيرة النبوية
Challenges are part of the ways of life, and the Islamic world is suffering of the rupture and differentiates internal conflicts, and the chaos of thought and delayed civilization. The most prominent of these challenges, which the Islamic world is facing, is the phenomenon of globalization. Which included the three worlds, and sought to dominate them, and melt the people’s properties and this is what precipitated the emergence of numerous drawbacks, and the researcher specially mentioned, negative aspects of identity, ethics and the environment. Young people who are the hope and asset of this nation are able to turn dreams into realities, and hopes to practical projects, and ambitions to the visible achievements. They are worthwhile, and the most capable and powerful to meet these challenges. If they grasp the necessary requirements that qualify and stables them to face it and take advantage of its goodness, and avoid disadvantage. But if they stationed, and failed to do their duty, they offered loss and destruction to themselves and nation. Curriculum should be prepared in accordance with the system of Islamic values, which are the individual configuration integrated, in belief, thought, and behavior, and attention to the development of the curriculum, and make it combines tradition and modernity, and the distinction between fixed and variable, and have superior mental abilities. All these issues are addressed in this research the negative impact of globalization on the environment, ethics and then showed the importance of taking care of the human development of young people, through various training programs that earn young people skills, science, and sophisticated learning methodical thinking, proper planning, and positive participation in society, and carry responsibility, and foster in them the ability to dialogue and to develop in them the spirit of creativity and scientific research and rational dealing with crises, and tribulations, and the ability to solve problems and meet the challenges of globalizatioBiological Processing of Agro Industrial Waste Corn Stover for Induced Production of Phytase by Schizophylum Commune and its Practical Applications
Phytase is an industrial important enzyme which has the ability to breakdown the phytic acid into myo-inositol and inorganic phosphate. In this regard, present research was designed to produce phytase enzyme from cost effective and abundant source like corn stover as a solid substrate in the presence of fungus Schizophyllum commune. Furthermore, the phytase was produced and optimized by using response surface methodology (RSM) using different factors such as temperature (25, 35, 45?C), pH (5, 6, 7, 8, 9), time of incubation (1, 3, 5, 7 days), moisture level (10, 30, 50, 70%), nitrogen level (0.25, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2.183g) and inoculum size (1, 2, 3.5, 5, 7.049ml). The maximum phytase activity (498.98U/mL) was recorded with optimized conditions like temperature 45?C, pH 6, time of incubation 1 day, moisture level 70%, nitrogen level 1.5g and inoculum size 5mL. In addition to that enzyme was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation and gel filtration chromatography. For ammonium sulphate precipitation salt range was kept from 20% to 90%. Maximum precipitation of phytase was observed at 50%. Dialysis of protein was done in buffer of pH 6 for 6 hours altering buffer after time interval of two hours. For further purification, column chromatography with Sephadex G-100 was used and out of 32 elutions, no.17 elution showed maximum absorbance on spectrophotometer at 820nm. Besides that, characterization of crude enzyme for optimum temperature and pH was done. Range of pH for characterization was 4-8 and temperature range was 25-50?C. Vmax and Km values were determined by reciprocal graphs. To get the Vmax and Km values, substrate concentration range was kept 0.25-1.25mL. As a result of characterization the phytase was observed with more activity at pH 5 and temperature 45?C. The Km and Vmax values for phytase were recorded 0.25U/mL and 250 U/mL respectively. Finally, the phytase was used to check its effect on fluffing of bread. The bread was fluffed upto3cm against control 2.5cm and increase in length was observed upto15cm against the control 12.3cm.Journals by Discipline
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