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لیاقت علی خان [وزیراعظم پاکستان ]

لیاقت علی خان
ماہ گزشتہ میں یہ خبر ہند اورپاکستان میں خصوصاًاوردوسرے ملکوں میں عموماً نہایت دکھ اوررنج کے ساتھ سنی گئی کہ پاکستان کے وزیراعظم جناب لیاقت علی خان ۱۶/اکتوبر کی شام کو چاربجے کے قریب راولپنڈی میں ایک عظیم اجتماع کو خطاب کرتے ہوئے بڑی سفاکی اوربے دردی کے ساتھ شہید کردیے گئے۔انا اﷲ واناالیہ راجعون۔
بعض لوگ اس قسم کے ہوتے ہیں کہ ان کی طبعی صلاحیتیں اورفطری خوبیاں کوئی مناسب ماحول نہ ملنے کی وجہ سے گوشۂ خمول وگمنامی میں پڑی سوتی رہتی ہیں یہاں تک کہ عمر کا ایک طویل حصہ اسی طرح بسر ہوجاتاہے لیکن پھریکایک کوئی مناسب ماحول پیداہوتاہے اور ان صلاحیتوں کے ظہور و بروئے کار آنے کے مواقع پیداہوتے ہیں اوروہ ہی شخص جسے کم آدمی جانتے تھے ایک روز صبح کو اٹھتا ہے توفضا اس کی شہرت وناموری کی داستانوں سے معمور نظر آتی ہے۔شہید مرحوم بھی اسی قسم کی ایک عظیم شخصیت کے انسان تھے۔ وہ یوپی کے ضلع مظفر نگر کے ایک معمولی سے قصبے میں پیداہوئے، الٰہ آباد اورعلی گڑھ میں تعلیم پانے کے بعد ولایت چلے گئے، وہاں سے آکر اگرچہ وہ نوکری بڑی سی بڑی کرسکتے تھے لیکن ان کی طبیعت کواس سے میل نہ تھا۔قوم کی خدمت کاجذبہ شروع سے ہی رکھتے تھے لیکن مزاج میں انقلاب پسندی اورہنگامہ آفرینی بالکل نہ تھی، اس لیے حصول آزادی کی ان تحریکوں سے الگ رہے جن سے وابستگی حکومت وقت کے خلاف غیرقانونی بغاوت وسرکشی کے ہم معنی سمجھی جاتی تھی اورآئینی طریقہ پر ملک اورقوم کی خدمت کی راہ پرگامزن ہوگئے۔ چنانچہ اس سلسلہ میں وہ ایک طرف آل انڈیا مسلم ایجوکیشن کانفرنس سے وابستہ رہے اوردوسری طرف یوپی کونسل میں قومی نقطہ خیال کی وضاحت وترجمانی کرتے رہے، اس حیثیت سے ان کی شہرت یوپی کے ایک مخصوص تعلیم یافتہ طبقہ...

Development of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (Msmes) Based on Creative Economy (Ekraf) and Gig Economy in Gorontalo Regency

The purpose of this study is to determine the development of MSMEs in Gorontalo Regency and to provide new innovations in the development of MSMEs based on Creative Economy (Ekraf) and Gig economy in Gorontalo Regency. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach, which describes and describes facts according to the phenomenon of how development is seen from the strengths, weaknesses, threats and opportunities (SWOT analysis) with the aim of providing an Creative Economy-based MSME development strategy and the Gig economy in Gorontalo Regency. Data collection was carried out through observation, interviews and documentation about the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of MSMEs against informants from three business fields, namely the Food Business Sector (dodol processed food), clothing (Sulaman Karawo) and handicrafts spread across three existing sub-districts in Gorontalo Regency. The results showed that the creative economy-based and gig economy-based MSMEs in Gorontalo Regency have not been fully implemented by MSME actors because they have limited capabilities and experience problems in their business development, this is due to several problems faced such as limited capital, raw materials and the use of simple production equipment, limited marketing media due to the absence of a MSME center, the types of products offered, quite a lot of transaction costs, less skilled labor, and product copyright registration problems for that from the results of the SWOT analysis of the diversification strategy at a more precise value to be applied, because it is considered more appropriate to the current conditions in Gorontalo Regency. In addition, the use of the gig economy is a part-time worker who is competent and innovative for MSMEs that are progressing and ready to compete.

Persian Influence on the Textile Designs of Kashmir

In Kashmir, textile design forms a very important part of various traditional crafts such as wood carvings, paper mashie and carpet industry. Over the last few centuries, these crafts are not only absorbed local tradition, but also infused by the Persian cultural interaction with a clear visibility of its patterns and motifs of chinar tree and its leaves, lotus flower, pomegranate, paisley and grapes. Most importantly the exchange influenced design, color palette, and composition in Kashmiri textiles, carpets, and paper mashie. Miniature painting is yet another artform which reflects strong references artists borrowed from their neighbor. This impact was a result of constant political, cultural, and artistic exchange between the two regions. This research aims at tracing the origin of these motifs and patterns and examining the influences through an in-depth analysis. The study also highlights the political impact of the rule of Mir Sayyid Ali Hamadani and Sultan Zain ul Abidin in promoting the arts and crafts of Kashmir. Moreover, it focuses on the first Shawl industry established during the Sultanate period as the Shawls were decorated with Paisley patterns. Kashmir was well disposed to Persian arts and crafts that it was known as Iran-e-Sagheer (Smaller Persia). The designers, artists and craftsmen used a range of similar patterns which imply similitude to Persia. The qualitative research method is used in the study which is based on theoretical and critical analysis of the literature, available photographs of Kashmiri textiles of different time period, miniature paintings and the interviews conducted from scholars and the artisans of Azad Jammu and Kashmir (hereafter AJ&K). Persian Influence on The Textile Design of Kashmir Through the comparative analysis, results show the ascendency of Persian design patterns and motifs in Kashmiri textile art. Different cultures have an impact on Kashmiri culture, but it is highly influenced by Persian culture specially in field of art and crafts and linguistic. The beautiful design patterns of Kashmir are results of immigrants and the craftsmen of Persia. One can tell the origin and the story of Kashmir by the cursorily glance on the textiles of Kashmir.
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