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ڈاکٹر محمد ایوب قادری

ڈاکٹر محمد ایوب قادری
پاکستان وبھارت کے علمی اور دینی حلقوں میں یہ خبر بڑے رنج وغم کے ساتھ سنی گئی کہ۲۵/نومبر۱۹۸۳ء کوپاکستان کے ایک نامور ادیب،مصنف اور مؤرخ ڈاکٹر محمد ایوب قادری کراچی میں ٹریفک کے ایک حادثے میں جاں بحق ہوگئے۔ وفات کے وقت ان کی عمر۵۶برس کے لگ بھگ تھی۔
قادری صاحب روہیلکھنڈ کے مشہور تاریخی قصبے آنولہ کے رہنے والے تھے۔ان کی ابتدائی تعلیم بدایوں اوربریلی میں ہوئی۔تقسیم ملک کے بعد موصوف کراچی چلے گئے۔کراچی جاکر انھوں نے اپنی تعلیم جاری رکھی اوربالآخر اردو کالج کراچی میں شعبۂ اردو میں لیکچرار مقرر ہوئے اور محنت،لگن اورخلوص کی بدولت آخر میں شعبۂ اردو کے صدر بن گئے۔
قادری صاحب کوروہیلکھنڈ کی تاریخ، رجال اور اماکن پربڑی دسترس تھی۔اس کے علاوہ۱۸۵۷ء کی جنگِ آزادی کے ہیرو ان کی تحقیق کا محور تھے۔ انھوں نے مخدوم جہانیاںؒ کاایک تذکرہ لکھا اورمآثرالامراء کااردو میں ترجمہ کیا۔ مرحوم نے مجلہ اردو کالج کراچی کے کئی شاندار نمبرنکالے۔پاکستان اوربھارت کے علمی وادبی رسائل میں ان کے مضامین اکثرچھپتے رہتے تھے۔
۲۵/نومبر کی شام کو موصوف اپنے گھرواقع شمالی ناظم آباد سے چلے۔ابھی انھوں نے بمشکل سو سواسوگز کا فاصلہ طے کیاہوگا کہ ایک ویگن ان کے سرسے ٹکرا گئی اورموصوف موقع پرہی جان بحق ہوگئے۔
یہ بھی عجیب بات ہے کہ ان کے ایک حقیقی بھائی ابومعاویہ نعمت اﷲ قادری بھی ۲/فروری۱۹۸۱ء کولیاقت آباد کراچی میں ٹریفک کے ایک ایسے ہی حادثے میں جاں بحق ہوئے تھے۔ابومعاویہ کودیکھ کرقرنِ اوّل کے مسلمانوں کی یادتازہ ہوتی تھی۔انھوں نے اس مادی دور میں اپنے تمام بچوں کودینی مدارس میں تعلیم دلوائی۔
یہ دونوں بھائی بڑی خوبیوں کے مالک اور اعلیٰ انسانی اوصاف سے متصف تھے۔اﷲ تعالیٰ ان کومغفرت وبخشش کی نعمتوں سے سرفراز فرمائے۔
[مارچ۱۹۸۴ء]

 

لفظ ادب كے معنوی ارتقاء كی تاریخ

The word (Adab) , contrary to its present equitant in English language (literature) , has an interesting background and exciting history. This word went through many developments in its meaning and senses during different periods of the literary history of Arabic literature. Linguistics took keen interest in each and every change and development came into its meaning. They thoroughly studied this word, throughout the literary history of Arabic literature, and tried to link between its early root meaning "(giving a banquet) or (feast) ", and its present meaning (literature) . This article is aimed to study the evolution and development came in the meanings and senses of the word (Adab) from the very first stage of Arabic literature i. e. Pre-lslamic Period till the modern period.

Geophysical Characterization of Late Quaternary Basin Deposits and Hydrogeophysical Modelling of Lakki Marwat and Domail Plains, Khyber Pakhutunkhwa, Pakistan

The understanding of depositional setting, the aquifer properties and the groundwater flow within an intermontane basinis of great significance for groundwater abstraction and monitoring. Among different intermontane basins developed in northwestern Himalaya, Pakistan, the Bannu Basin is very important and is filled with Quaternary sediments. The electrical resistivity data was acquired, processed and interpreted in two separate plains of the Bannu Basin, i.e. the Lakki Marwat Plain and the Domail Plain. The Domail Plain lies in the eastern section of the Bannu Basin whereas the Lakki Marwat Plain is located in the western half. Through a combination of geostatistical analysis, geophysical inversion and visualization techniques it is possible to re-model and visualizes the single dimension resistivity data into 2D and 3D spaces. Variogram models are utilized to extend the interpretation of the data and to distinguish individual lithological units, as well as the occurrence of saline water within the subsurface. As such the alluvial system of the intermontane basin has formed during episodes of local tectonic activity with fluvial erosion and deposition yielding coarse sediments with characteristically high electrical resistivities near to the mountain ranges and finer sediments of medium to low electrical resistivities towards the basin center. The regional and local tectonic activity has caused a considerable amount of faulting in the rocks as well as depressions which over time, have been filled with clay-silt sediments typical of lacustrine and flood plain environments. Streams arising in the adjacent mountains have eroded these sediments leaving gravel–sand deposits in channels. It is concluded that these sediments have been deposited in several different depositional settings including prograding fan shaped bodies, flood plains, sandy plain and lacustrine deposits. The depositional setting of the sediments influences the groundwater flow movements within the plains. The work was further extended to estimate the aquifer properties utilizing vertical electrical sounding (VES) and pumping test data sets acquired in the Lakki Marwat and Domail Plains of Bannu basin. The sediments in the alluvial fan zones are characterized by low gamma ray values which suggest low levels of fine sediments. This is in contrast to the sandy plain and lacustrine zones where higher gamma ray values suggest higher contents of the finer material. The alluvial fan zones have the maximum transmissivity in the area, while the sandy plain and lacustrine zones exhibit very low transmissivities. This indicates a higher concentration of finer material within the sandy plain and lacustrine zones with the absence of the recharge boundaries, thus reducing the effective water transmission. The steady state groundwater flow pattern roughly follows the resistivity patterns within the aquifer system and generally flow towards the Gambila River within the Lakki Marwat Plain. The water flow is regular and uniform within the higher resistivity zones, whereas the flow patterns in the lower resistivity zone representing the lacustrine environment is generally retarded. The water table has a steady rise in the lacustrine zone due to the less transmission of water in the lacustrine zone. The correlation between resistivity zones and the groundwater flow in Domail Plain is difficult to establish, because a considerable portion of the subsurface has been masked by saline water. In this plain groundwater flows steadily towards the Kurram River roughly follow the topography of the plain. The regional trends in the depositional systems in conjunction with the groundwater flow patterns identify the prospective groundwater development zones within the subsurface. The prospective zones identified within the basin when evaluated further would help in management of the important groundwater resource within the region. The regional scale interpretation of seismic, well logs and electrical resistivity data sets highlight the tectonic activity in the region resulted in the formation of northwestern Himalayan fold and thrust belt and the associated intermontane basins.
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