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ڈاکٹر شہزاد احمد بطور محقق و نقاد

ڈاکٹرشہزاد احمد بطور محقق و نقاد
(الف)اُردو نعت پاکستان میں: ایک جائزہ
شعبۂ نعت کا ہر گوشہ رسول کریم صلی اللہ علیہ و آلہٖ وسلم سے محبت اور عقیدت کے اظہار کا ذریعہ ہے۔ ڈاکٹر شہزاد احمد نے نبی کریم صلی اللہ علیہ و آلہٖ وسلم سے محبت کے اظہار کے لیے اپنے تحقیقی مقالے (نعتیہ شاعری کا تحقیقی جائزہ پاکستان کے خصوصی حوالے سے )یعنی ’’اُردو نعت پاکستان میں‘‘ کو وسیلہ بنایا ہے۔ یہ موصوف کا پی ایچ ڈی کا مقالہ ہے جس پر جامعہ کراچی نے ڈاکٹر یٹ کی سند سے نوازا ہے۔ یہ مقالہ موضوعات کی اہمیت اور معلومات کے استناد کی بدولت اُردو نعت شناسی کا ایک اہم سنگ میل ہے۔ کوئی محقق اس مقالے سے صرف نظر کرکے نعت کی حالیہ روایت سے کماحقہ آشنا نہیں ہو سکتا۔ اس مقالے کی تکمیل ۲۰۱۲ء میں ہوئی۔ حافظ عبدالغفار حافظ نے اس کی جو تاریخ نکالی ہے، وہ ملاحظہ ہو:
کیجیے حافظ رقم تاریخ اجرائے سند
روشنی طبع ’’اُردو نعت پاکستان میں‘‘
۲۰۱۲ء
-iنعت گوئی کا تحقیقی و تجزیاتی مطالعہ
پہلا باب ’’نعت گوئی کا تحقیقی وتجزیاتی مطالعہ‘‘ نعت کی روایت پر مبنی ہے۔ اس میں عربی اورفارسی نعت کے ارتقا کے ساتھ اُردو نعت کے شعرا کا بھی بھرپور ذکرکیا ہے۔اس کے علاوہ اس باب کے مباحث میں ’’شاعری اور قرآن کریم ، خالق کائنات سب سے پہلا وصاف رسول صلی اللہ علیہ و آلہٖ وسلم، اولین نعت میں محققین کی ترجیحات ، اولیات نعت، مدینے کی بچیوں کا خیرمقدمی گیت، حضرت صفیہ بنت عبدالمطلب ، حضرت عاتکہ بنت عبدالمطلب ، حضرت خنسا ، شعرالجنی یا شعرا لمجہول، مبشرات کی اہمیت ،نعت کی افادیت، نعت کا مجموعۂ اوّل ام الکتاب قرآن مجید، قرآن پاک میں نعت، احادیث نبوی میں نعت، نعت کے لغوی واصطلاحی معانی، عہد نبوی میں نعت اورخلفائے راشدین کے...

واقعہ 11/9 کے پاکستانی معیشت پر اثرات اور اسلامی تعلیمات: تجزیاتی مطالعہ

After the Incident of 9/11 Pakistan decided to become the ally of America and play an important role in fighting terrorism on both domestic and global fronts. This war has destroyed the peace of Pakistan and has affected the Economy of Pakistan desperately. The decision of Pakistani government to fight the so called war on terror with America only to get the financial and political support of America was clearly against the teachings of Islam. However, Pakistan did receive financial benefits in this war. The important development in the wake of 9/11 is that Pakistan became the biggest beneficiary of US economic aid in the South Asian region. Despite the GDP growth, foreign aid, foreign investment, better record of foreign exchange reserve, worker remittances and debt rescheduling Pakistan’s economy did not show the desired results. The change in the Pakistan’s economy during this period is not sustainable in economic term. Due to the war on terror law and order situation has become worst. At present Pakistan is facing most unique, difficult and gruesome faces of terrorism. In this situation fiscal policy in Islamic perspective is prerequisite for the peace and economic development of Pakistan.

Kinetics of Biodegradation of Synthetic Dyes by Agaricus Species

Textile dyes have always been considered in the context of recalcitrant xenobiotics compounds in water and soil ecology. Present research work was focused on the bioremediation potential of Agaricus species to decolorize and to detoxify the different synthetic dyes and dye containing effluents. The purification, characterization, kinetics & thermodynamic studies of ligninolytic enzymes produced by the fungi during dye decolorization process, were also performed. Complete (100%) removal of NOVASOL Direct Black and 83.34 % Reactive Black by Agaricus bitorqus A66 & Agaricus bisporus A21 were attained by optimizing optimal conditions like media composition, pH, temperature, inoculum size, carbon and nitrogen supplements, metal ions, redox mediators and dye concentration. In the entire processes of optimization of decolorization lignin peroxidase (LiP) was the major enzyme with minor activities of MnP and laccase when the decolorization of Novasol black was carried out by Agaricus bitorqus A66 and manganese peroxidase (MnP) was the main enzyme with minor LiP and laccase activities in case of reactive black treated by Agaricus bisporus A21. As highly efficient decolorization (100%) of synthetic dye was attained by these Agaricus species in a reasonably short period of time under optimum conditions, these were therefore, applied to check out their potential application in the decolorization of different practical/real textile industry effluent. It was observed that complete (100%) and 95.66 % decolorization of Navy blue colored effluent was achieved by Agaricus bitorqus and Agaricus bisporus A21 , respectively under optimum conditions. To access the water quality parameters, the treated and untreated effluent samples were analyzed to determine COD, BOD, TSS and TDS. The fungal treated effluents were less polluted as compared to original industrial effluents. The enzymes (LiP & MnP) produced under optimum decolorization conditions were purified to 1.54 & 6.9 fold with % yield of 6.74 and 8.48, respectively by ammonium sulfate precipitation, followed by three purification steps including, Dialysis, gel-filtration and anion- exchange chromatography. MnP and LiP secreted by respective fungi displayed optimum activities pH 7.0 & 6.0 and at 45 &400C, respectively. The Km values for veratryl alcohol and MnSO4 were 16.67 mM, 3.33 mM for MnP and LiP, having Vmax values of 179.17 and 231.00 mM, respectively. Thermodynamic and activation parameters provide a detailed mechanism for many chemical and biological reactions. The kinetic and thermodynamic characterization revealed Gibbs free energy ΔG* values for denaturation of MnP and LiP as 272.12 & 272.6 KJmol-1, enthalpy of thermal unfolding ΔH* of transition state was 39.91& 72.83 KJmol-1 and entropy of thermal unfolding (ΔS*) was -707.94 &, -609 Jmol-1K-1 at 50oC along with activation energy for inactivation of Ea 42.6, 75.6 KJmol-1, respectively.
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel

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