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سعید انصاری

ڈاکٹر سعید انصاری
افسوس ہے کہ ۲۶؍ جنوری کو ڈاکٹر سعید انصاری کا دہلی میں کینسر کے موذی مرض میں انتقال ہوگیا، اﷲ تعالیٰ ان کی مغفرت فرمائے، وہ دارالمصنفین کی مجلس انتظامیہ کے قدیم رکن تھے۔ (صباح الدین عبدالرحمن، فروری ۱۹۸۴ء)

 

ڈاکٹر سعید انصاری
قارئین معارف کو گزشتہ شمارہ سے جناب سعید انصاری کے انتقال کی خبر معلوم ہوچکی ہے، ان کا وطن اعظم گڑھ ہی تھا، اپنے محلہ اور شہر کے قدیم مدرسہ اسلامیہ میں ابتدائی تعلیم حاصل کرنے کے بعد انھوں نے مشن اسکول میں داخلہ لیا، یہ بڑا پرآشوب دور تھا، ملک کے گوشہ گوشہ میں خلافت، اور ترک موالات کی تحریک کے اثر سے انگریزوں کے خلاف ہیجان برپا تھا۔
تحریک کے پروگرام میں سرکاری اسکولوں اور کالجوں کا مقاطعہ بھی تھا، سعید انصاری صاحب نے اس سے متاثر ہوکر اسکول چھوڑ دیا اور بنارس جاکر کاشی ودیا پیٹھ سے فرسٹ ڈویژن میں میڑک کیا، انٹرمیڈیٹ میں بارہ روپے ماہوار وظیفہ ملا مگر جامعہ اسلامیہ کی کشش انھیں علی گڑھ کھینچ لائی، ۱۹۲۴؁ء میں وہ طلبہ کی انجمن اتحاد کے سکریٹری اور ان کے ہم سبق ڈاکٹر یوسف حسین خان مرحوم نائب صدر ہوئے، ۱۹۲۵؁ء میں بی۔اے کیا اور ۱۹۲۶؁ء میں جامعہ میں استاد کی حیثیت سے ان کا تقرر ہوا، اس زمانہ میں اس کی مالی حالت نہایت خراب تھی، کئی کئی مہینے تک استادوں کو تنخواہیں نہیں ملتی تھیں، جامعہ کے امنا (ٹرسٹیز) اسے بند کردینے کے لئے آمادہ ہوگئے تھے مگر انجمن تعلیم ملی کے ارکان نے بیس برس تک جامعہ کی خدمت کرتے رہنے اور ڈیڑھ سو سے زیادہ مشاہرہ نہ لینے کا عہد کیا تھا، ابتداء میں گیارہ استاد اس کے حباتی رکن تھے جن میں سعید انصاری مرحوم بھی تھے۔
وہ اپنی علمی و تعلیمی استعداد بڑھانے...

حدیثِ لولاک کا تحقیقی و تجزیاتی مطالعہ A Research Review of the Hadith e Lawlāk

The importance and authenticity of the hadiths of the Prophet (PBUH) in the Muhammadan Ummah is an undisputed fact. A large number of Muḥaddithīn and imams spent their lives in collecting and editing the hadiths of the Prophet (PBUH) and compiled a collection of hadiths. These hadiths were classified according to their health and weakness. Due to the efforts of the imams, there are hadiths narrated from the Messenger of Allah on all sciences and knowledge and issues and rulings. Among them are Hadith Qudsī, Ma‘rūf, Mawkūf, Maktū‘, Saḥiḥ, Ḥasan Za‘īf and all other types of Hadith. The same Hadith e Qudsīyyah also includes a Hadith Lawlāk "لولاک" refers to those hadiths in which the Prophet ﷺ has been described as the cause of the creation of the universe and the origin of the universe. That is the hadith in which Allah Almighty has related the Prophet (PBUH) as the reason for creating the universe and its beings. However, the words of "Hadith e Lawlāk" The authenticity of the hadith has been made a subject of discussion. Some imams have declared this hadith to be weak and some have also said that it is valid. However, a large number of scholars have agreed on the authenticity of this hadith and the hadith has been declared correct in terms of meaning and has been recorded in the books of hadith, biographies and interpretations and other subject books. In the article under review, the sayings of Imams on the health and weakness of Hadith Lawlāk have been presented and research analysis of the said Hadith has been done through simulation and rational arguments.

A Lexico-Grammatical Study of Noun Phrase in Pakistani English

The enormous and unprecedented spread of English has made it difficult for the so- called ‘Native Speakers of English’ to exercise their control over it. The non-native varieties of English are establishing their niche alongside the standard varieties of English. A paradigm shift can be noticed from ‘EFL, ESL, ENL’ to EIL paradigm. The non-native varieties of English have initiated their codification and description. In this scenario, this research studies Pakistani English as a non-native institutionalized variety and aims at identifying various features of it. The lexico-grammatical features of noun phrase in Pakistani English have been explored from six aspects. A corpus of written Pakistani English (PWE), 2.1 million words, has been compiled as a research tool. PWE comprises 29 text categories to enhance the representativeness of the corpus. PWE has been used to identify the features on the basis of actual instances or corpus evidence. BoE, BNC, Brown, Frown, LOB, and FLOB corpora have been used as reference corpora. This investigation is mainly a corpus driven research and the components of this research are based on corpus evidence observed during the study. One inference can be drawn from all the components of the present research that the differences between Pakistani English and the Standard varieties of English are not so wide as to create any serious problems in mutual intelligibility. But the differences seem wider than those between the British and American Englishes. The chapter 1 introduces the research and chapter 2 explores the theoretical undercurrents related to World Englishes and Pakistani English. It discusses the spread of English and the emergence of non-native varieties, conflicting standards among varieties, role of English in non-native context, the impact of pluricintricity, language policy and which model Pakistani English should follow etc. Chapter 3 is the survey of literature and links the present research with the research already done in the areas of Pakistani English, corpus linguistics, collocations, lexico-grammar, and noun phrase. Chapter 4 discusses the steps taken in the compilation of the corpus and introduces the corpus (PWE). Methodological framework has been kept separate from methodology. Chapter 5 describes the methodological framework of the research and explores the paradigm this research is II aligned with. Due to the complex methodology of the six components of the research, the methodology (a guide for the replication of the research) has been discussed in each component of the noun phrase before analysis in Chapter 6. The sixth chapter comprises six components of research and presents their analysis. The first component deals with mechanics i.e. hyphenated compounds in PWE, and highlights the differences from BNC and also addresses the importance of such issues in the context of Non-native varieties of English. The second component, Urduization, is the study of Urdu words in PWE and tabulates the data in various domains to show how Pakistani English as a non-native variety of English is bound in socio-cultural make up of the community. The third component, Noun Noun Compounds explores nine trends in the noun compounds and reveals hundreds of examples to identify trends in PWE. The fourth component, Modifying Adjectives, uses Yibin Ni’s (2004) model to explore lexico- grammatical and semantic categories of the modifying adjectives of 50 nouns selected on the basis of frequency and detailed consistency. The quantitative differences of this component have been further explored in the fifth component of the research. The same 50 nouns have been used as nodes of concordance lines to study the 1R and 1L collocates. These collocates have been grouped into lexical fields. The results of this component loudly pronounce that the real differences between Pakistani English and other varieties of English are mainly of collocations. One hundred nouns in PWE, which have been identified as vocabulary differences between British and American Englishes by Davies (2005), have been studied in the final component of the research. Chapter 7 concludes the research and shares some observations I made during the research. Chapter 8 is forward looking and introduces various researchable areas the present research has identified. In the light of the detailed discussion on theoretical undercurrents, it can be assumed that the results obtained in the data analysis are significant for description of Pakistani English and establishing the status of Pakistani English. Moreover, the results are insightful in ELT because they can show the difference between what is taught and what is being used. The information obtained as the results of the data analysis can be used in lexicographical activities. A supplement can be added to the already existing dictionaries.
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel

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