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مولوی محبوب عالم

مولوی محبوب عالم
اس ماہ کے شذرات کا صفحہ وفات نامہ ہوا چاہتا ہے، مگر احسان فراموشی ہوگی اگر ملک کے سب سے بوڑھے صحیفۂ نگار مولوی محبوب عالم اڈیٹر پیسہ اخبار لاہور کا ماتم نہ کیا جائے، ۲۸؍ مئی کو انہوں نے اس دارِ فانی کو الوداع کہا، وہ اردو کے سب سے پہلے روزنامہ اخبار (پیسہ) کے اڈیٹر تھے، انہوں نے صرف اپنی محنت و کوشش سے سرمایہ حاصل کیا اور ملک میں تاریخ اور سیاحت ناموں کے پڑھنے کا ذوق پیدا کیا اور خود بھی یورپ اور ممالک اسلامیہ کے دوسفر کئے اور سیاحت نامے لکھے، مگر افسوس کہ اب ان کو وہ سفر پیش آیا جس کا سفرنامہ انسانوں کے ہاتھ نہیں، فرشتوں کے ہاتھ لکھتے ہیں، اس ان دیکھی منزل کے بوڑھے مسافر پر اﷲ تعالیٰ کی رحمت ہو۔
مرحوم نے ۷۴ برس کی عمر پائی۔ (سید سلیمان ندوی، جولائی ۱۹۳۳ء)
تصحیح: منشی محبوب عالم مرحوم کے تذکرہ میں یہ لکھا گیا ہے کہ وہ اردو کے پہلے روزانہ اخبار کے بانی اور اڈیٹر تھے، اس سے مراد مسلمانوں میں تھی، یعنی اردو کے پہلے اسلامی روزانہ اخبار کے وہ بانی اور اڈیٹر تھے، اردو میں منشی نولکشور لکھنو کا اودھ اخبار ان کے اخبار سے پہلے نکلا تھا اور اب تک نکل رہا ہے۔ (سید سلیمان ندوی، اگست ۱۹۳۳ء)

 

قرآن مجیدکے پانچ منظوم اردو تراجم کا تعارف و تجزیہ

This research article gives a brief introduction and analysis of five Urdu translations of the Holy Qur’ān. Qur’ānic translations are an important source of learning and understanding of Qur’ān. In Urdu the translations of the Holy Book started in late 16th Century A.D. The number of these translations is in hundreds till now, which include translations in Urdu prose and verse. The first rhymed Urdu translation of the Holy Quran was written in the last quarter of 18th Century A.D. At present these translations are in hundreds, including complete as well as partial translations. Most of the translations are in rhymed form, while some are in free verse also. In this article five complete Holy Qur’ān translations have been discussed. Main aim of the article is to introduce the poets and their translations, as well as brief analysis of the translations. The translations are; Asar Zubairi Lakhnavi's "Sehr ul Bayan", Syed Shamim Rajz's "Aab e Rawaan", Seemab Akbar Abadi's "Wahi e Manzum", Abdul Aziz Khalid's "Furqan e Javed" and  Qazi Ata ullah's "Mafhoom ul Quran". This article also explains how much the poets succeeded in presenting the message of Qur’ān. The merits and demerits of the translations have been highlighted. The article concludes that poetry, specially rhymed form, is not suitable for the translations of the Holy Book.

Molecular Detection and Charaterization of Escherichia Coli Isolated from Raw Cow Milk Samples Collected from District Muzaffargarh

Milk is generally considered as highly nutritious and useful food for all age groups as well as inexpensive and widely available. However, its quality and microbial content are the features which have to be observed. The quality of milk depends on its biochemical composition and hygienic conditions during the collection of milk and its distribution. Milk itself acts as best medium for enhancing the growth and development of different types of microbes because of its composition and presence of water in large quantity. Milk sold in Muzaffargarh district was suspected to be contaminated because of repeated outbreaks of gastroenteritis. In this context, the research was designed to rule out molecular detection and quantitative analysis of Escherichia coli (E. coli) in the milk samples obtained from various tehsils of Muzaffargarh district. E. coli were considered as the most prevalent bacteria of milk and could be the most probable microbe causing this disease. In this research, 100 raw milk samples were gathered in a way that 10 samples each were collected from Jutoi, Alipur, Kotadu, Murad Abad, Choak Qureshi, Ahmadpur, Rohilan Wali, Shahjamal, Khanpur and Muzaffargarh city. Then the samples of milk were cultured on different culture media for bacterial segregation. Identification of bacterial specie was done through gram?s staining and properties of bacterial culture on different selective media. Biochemical tests were also performed which include catalase and coagulase tests. Final identification was performed through PCR and resolution of PCR products by gel electrophoresis. Antibiotic sensitivity test was also performed so as to confirm the susceptibility of E. coli regarding multiple antibiotics. Out of 10 samples collected each from Jutoi, Alipur, Kotadu, Murad Abad, Choak Qureshi, Ahmadpur, Rohilan Wali, Shahjamal, Khanpur and Muzaffargarh city, results had shown the presence of E.coli in 4(40%), 6(60%), 3(30%), 2(20%), 4(40%), 5(50%), 3(30%), 4(40%), 6(60%) and 5(50%) samples respectively. E. coli isolates were amplified by PCR based on 16S rRNA gene. Results of antibiotic sensitivity test revealed that E. coli isolates had shown resistance to amoxicillin (85%) and erythromycin (72%). However, they were found to be affected by azithromycin (53%), ciprofloxacin (86%), gentamicin (86%), norfloxacin (80%) and streptomycin (66%). Resistant pattern in relation to broad spectrum antibiotic (i.e., amoxycillin) points to a situation which should be considered carefully and suggests that indiscriminate use of antibiotics for precautionary or therapeutic purposes should be avoided as it could be the cause of increasing antimicrobial resistance.
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