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ڈاکٹر حفیظ سید

ڈاکٹر حفیظ سید مرحوم
افسوس ہے کہ ہماری علمی بزم کی ایک پرانی یادگار ڈاکٹر حفیظ سید مرحوم نے گزشتہ مہینہ انتقال کیا ان کی پوری زندگی تعلیمی اور علمی مشاغل میں گزری اور آخر میں الٰہ آباد یونیورسٹی کی اردو کی پروفیسری سے ریٹائرڈ ہوئے تھے، وہ مشہور صاحب قلم تھے اردو، انگریزی دونوں زبانوں میں سیکڑوں مضامین، ان کی یادگار ہیں مستقل کتابوں میں مشہور دکنی شاعر قاضی محمود بحری کا کلیات تصحیح و ترتیب کے جملہ لوازم کے ساتھ مرتب کرکے شائع کیا تھا، ان کو تصوف اور روحانیات سے خاص دلچسپی تھی، اس ذوق میں انھوں نے مختلف مذاہب کے روحانی مرکزوں اور ان کی روحانی شخصیتوں سے بھی استفادہ کیا تھا مگر آخر میں اپنے اصلی مرکز کی طرف لوٹ آئے تھے اور اسی پر ان کا خاتمہ ہوا، مرحوم علامہ شبلی کے صحبت یافتہ اور ارکان دارالمصنفین کے پرانے رفقاء میں تھے، اس لیے دارالمصنفین سے ان کو دیرینہ مخلصانہ تعلق تھا، اس کی مجلس عاملہ اور مجلس انتظامیہ کے رکن بھی تھے، ادھر کئی سال سے فالج میں مبتلا تھے، گذشتہ مہینہ آنکھ کھلوانے کے لیے سیتاپور گئے تھے، وہیں دفعتہ انتقال کیا اور الٰہ آباد میں تجہیزوتکفین ہوئی۔ اللھم اغفرْلہٗ وَ ارْحمَہٗ۔ (شاہ معین الدین ندوی، جنوری ۱۹۶۲ء)

 

انسانی زندگی میں جنات کے اثرات

Among different creations of Allāh, Jinnāt have their own independent existence. By essence, they neither belong to the human race nor to the angelic world. One commonality between Jinnāt and human beings is that they both are provided with consciousness and can practice their own free-will in terms of choosing what is right and what is wrong, while angles are deprived of this ability. Jinnāt are mentioned in numerous places in the Qur’ān and the Aḥādīth of the Prophet SAW, so much so that it would be unreasonable to deny their existence. Henceforth, the scholars from every period of time have acknowledged their existence and it wouldn’t be wrong to claim that they all share almost similar views on them. Likewise, every Muslim group acknowledged their existence with the exception of Jahmīyah and Mu‘tazilah. As far as Jews and Christians are concerned, they too like Muslims believe in the existence of Jinnāt. To summarize, it is proven by means of multiplicity (Tawātur) of report from all the Prophets and Messengers and therefore, every follower of the heavenly religion has some sort of belief in the existence of Jinnāt. As far as their influence on the human beings is concerned, there are three major views prevailing among Muslims.  There are those who completely deny their existence and therefore, do not in anyway acknowledge their influence on human life. Then there are those who do believe in their existence but are of the opinion that they remain aloof from human beings and therefore, have no influence on the human life. The third opinion which is the opinion of the majority of the scholars is that not only Jinnāt exist but they have the power to influence and affect human beings as well. In this treatise, the opinion of the proponents of the third view is analyzed and their evidences from Qur’ān and Sunnah are discussed.

Analysis of Discrepancies Between Skills Acquired During Teacher Training Programs B. Ed & M. Ed and Skills Required in Actual Classroom

This research has been designed to cover the following objectives (1) To find out the perceptions of teachers, head of schools and teacher trainers about essential classroom skills acquired by the trainee teachers. (2)To identify the essential classroom skills being stressed during the teacher training program. (3)To determine if there are discrepancies between skills being developed during the teacher training program and skills actually being used in the classroom. (4) To identify the problems in acquiring and implementing the essential classroom skills by the trainees teachers. (5) To determine if there are discrepancies between the perceptions of heads, teachers, teacher trainers and researcher’s classroom observations. Technique of multistage sampling was used. At first two Provinces Punjab and K.P.K was chosen. Then five Districts were randomly chosen from the two provinces. Ten percent Govt. Secondary Schools and ten percent heads of Govt. Secondary Schools were chosen from each District. Two hundred and fifty teachers were selected as sample of convenience. Ten percent teachers were chosen from the sampled teachers for classroom observation so hundred teachers were selected for this purpose. An equal number of teacher trainers were taken from each District. . Three questionnaires were designed to get the responses of the teachers, heads, and teacher trainers about the skills acquired during the teacher training program B.Ed & M.Ed and skills required in actual classroom. A checklist was constructed to carry out classroom observation of the teachers teaching in the classroom and to see the difference of skills required and skills acquired. Data collected through research instruments was analyzed by using mean score, t- test, ANOVA and Tukey test.
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