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قاضی سجاد حسین

مولانا قاضی سجاد حسین
۲۳/دسمبر۱۹۹۰ء کوحضرت مولانا قاضی سجاد حسین صاحب کا انتقال ہوگیا۔ اناﷲ واناالیہ راجعون۔
قاضی سجاد حسین صاحب کے انتقال سے ملت اسلامیہ ایک زبردست عالم دین ممتاز مفکر ومدبر سے محروم ہوگئی ہے۔کیونکہ قاضی صاحب بڑے ہی بلند اوصاف کے حامل انسان تھے وہ تصنع وبناوٹ سے قطعاً مبراتھے۔عرصہ دراز تک مدرسہ عالیہ فتح پوری دہلی میں شیخ الحدیث کی حیثیت سے خدمت دین میں منہمک و مشغول رہے۔عربی وفارسی کے جید عالموں میں ان کاشمار تھا۔حضرت مفکر ملّت مفتی عتیق الرحمن عثمانی کے ہمراہ ہی ۱۹۶۷ء میں انہیں فارسی زبان کے عالم کی حیثیت سے صدر جمہوریہ ہند ڈاکٹر ذاکر حسین صاحب کے ہاتھوں پدم شری ایوارڈ عطا کیا گیا۔مفتی صاحب مرحوم کوعربی اسکالر ایوارڈ دیا گیا تھا۔
قاضی صاحب حضرت مفتی عتیق الرحمن عثمانی کے شاگرد خاص بھی تھے اور ساتھی بھی۔اکثر علمی اورقومی معاملات میں وہ حضرت مفتی صاحب سے مشورہ فرماتے اوران کے مشورے ورائے ہی کوا فضیلت واہمیت دیتے تھے۔
۱۹۵۴ء میں حضرت قبلہ مفتی صاحب نے راقم(عمید الرحمن عثمانی) کو حضرت قاضی سجاد حسین کی شاگردی میں سونپ دیا۔راقم نے قاضی صاحب سے فارسی کی کئی کتابیں پڑھیں اوران کی صحبت وشاگردی میں رہ کر کافی کچھ فیض و استفادہ حاصل کیا۔
قاضی صاحب ہمارے سب کے لیے قابل احترام بزرگ تھے۔حضرت قبلہ اباجان مفتی عتیق الرحمن عثمانی سے ان کو جولگاؤ تھا وہ بھی قابل ذکر ہے۔ ہرجمعہ کوبعد نماز مغرب حکیم عبدالحمید صاحب متولی ہمدرد دواخانہ دہلی،مجاہد ملت حضرت مولانا حفظ الرحمن، مولوی سعید احمد اکبرآبادی، حکیم اقبال احمد ہمدم دواخانے والے اورقاضی سجاد حسین صاحب پابندی سے ادارہ ندوۃ المصنفین میں آتے اورکھانا سب ساتھ ہی تناول کرتے، ہرجمعہ ہم سب کے لیے عید سے کم نہ ہوتا۔ والدہ مرحومہ ہرجمعہ کوطرح طرح کے عمدہ کھانے خوداپنے ہاتھوں سے تیارکرکے مسرت وانبساط حاصل کرتیں۔دراصل...

LITERACY EDUCATION URGENCY FOR CENTENNIAL GENERATION IN INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION 4.0

When talking about children’s abilities, they indeed cannot be separated from their educational or training background. Moreover, he has entered the working age that must have productivity in his work, especially at this time, where the era has entered the industrial revolution 4.0. The industrial revolution 4.0 is marked by the development of digitalization in various lines of life. On the one hand, the industrial revolution 4.0 had many positive impacts. However, on the other hand, as the McKinsey Global Institute states that as a result of the 4.0 industrial revolution in the next five years, there will be 52.6 million jobs that will decline and even disappear. This certainly will be a challenge for the centennial generation (children born from 1996-2011) at this time, which they have to survive with the existing conditions and situations. This paper will discuss several factors that describe and address issues such as what is meant by the centennial generation, literacy, and the urgency of literacy education for the centennial generation in the digital age. According to authors, thi is essential to discuss, given the increasingly rapid development and technological progress resulting in the loss of much work.

Detection of Viruses in Different Commercial Varieties of Grapes in Pakistan and Establishment of Virus Free Pakistan

Grapevine is an economically most important and major vegetatively propagated fruit crop in the world and infected with several widespread viruses that seriously affect the economic status of this crop. Currently more than 64 grapevine viruses have been reported. Among these, Grapevine leafroll disease (GLD) is considered as the most economically damaging disease in grapevine-growing regions. GLD is the group of eleven viruses that belong to genus Ampelovirus and family Closteroviridae. Some of the viruses transmitted through vectors and some are graft transmissible. Reliable and accurate diagnostic methods are required for the evaluation of Grapevine leafrollassociated viruses (GLRaVs) and for the control and sanitary selection of GLD. In the present study various diagnostic tool were used to screen Grapevine leafrollassociated viruses from the grapevine germplasm of Pakistan. In the three provinces of Pakistan, symptomatic and asymptomatic leaves along with petioles were sampled from 13 vineyards. Leaf curling, reddening and yellowing of leaves were observed in few cultivars while mostly samples were asymptomatic. PCR based method is considered as the most sensitive and accurate for the detection of infectious pathogen at their early infection. For this purpose, RNA extracted from two methods was analyzed for conventional PCR by using specific primer sets that target the conserved regions. Total 85 samples out of 249 were detected for GLRaVs by conventional PCR. A TaqMan RT-PCR is the most significant, sensitive and accurate method in the medium and was also used to analyze the prevalence of infected samples. The extracted RNA quality was checked by using the 18S rRNA TaqMan assay as an RNA specific internal control to prove the better detection methods. The Ct value of 18S was in the range of 3.4-13.03. Two hundred and forty-nine samples were tested for 11 GLRaVs using TaqMan RT-PCR. The most prevalent virus was GLRaV-2 that was detected in 95 samples and showed 38% infection rate. The second most prevalent virus was GLRaV-3 with 7.2% infection rate. GLRaV-4 strain-9 and -Car were negative for all samples. Mixed infections were detected in 40 samples with 16.1 % infection rate. Detection of viruses by TaqMan assay is 10,000 times more sensitive and efficient than the conventional PCR. In the present study, conventional PCR detected 34.1% GLRaVs and RT-qPCR detected 48.2% infection of GLRaVs in the tested samples. This study also provided the superiority of Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) over the molecular detection assays to identify virome in single grapevine plant. This study analyzed the total RNA sequences by using Illumina Nextseq 500 Platform, ~35000Mb of sequence data were developed from reverse transcribed cDNA and analyzed for sequences of infectious pathogens such as viruses, viroids, fungi and bacteria. The presence of De novo assembly of sequenced reads was identified by BLAST analysis. Total 23 plant viruses, three viroids, two Satellite RNA viruses and one fungal virus were detected in the tested samples. These viruses and viroid belongs to the family Tymoviridae, Closteroviridae, Secoviridae, Betaflexiviridae, Pospiviroidae and Partitiviridae. Genetic diversity of GLRaVs from the infected grapevine varieties of Pakistan was also studied on the basis of nucleotide sequence of full genome and amino acid sequences of the coat protein (CP), RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and heat shock protein 70 homologous (HSP70h). The phylogenetic analysis indicated that full genome represent best phylogeny of GLRaVs. Phylogenetic analysis on the base of amino acid sequences showed that CP is the more conservative region as compared to RdRp and HSP70h. The full genome of all GLRaVs except GLRaV-3 and GLRaV-4 strain-Pr showed homology with the isolates of USA. This study first time reports the eradication of Grapevine leafroll-associated viruses by excising apical meristem of 0.5mm of infected vine. TaqMan RT-PCR was used to check the sanitary conditions for the screening of GLRaVs and results showed complete eradication of GLRaVs. The objective of this study was to provide the baseline knowledge about the incidence and prevalence of Grapevine leafroll-associated viruses in Pakistan that helps the growers to make better decisions to clean the vineyards in Pakistan. Overall, this is the first study on the detection of grapevine viruses belongs to the family Closteroviridae in Pakistan.
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