Search from the Journals, Articles, and Headings
Advanced Search (Beta)
Loading...
Loading...
Loading...
Loading...
Loading...
Loading...

راکی ولسن کا’’مینار محبت‘‘

راکی ولسن کا’’مینار محبت‘‘

کائنات میں اشرف المخلوقات ہونے کا شرف صرف انسان کو حاصل ہے تمام مخلوقات میں انسان سب سے زیادہ با اختیار بھی ہے۔احساسات و جذبات بھی سب سے زیادہ انسان ہی رکھتا ہے۔اسی لیے وہ ازل سے اپنے خیالات کا اظہار کرتا آیا ہے۔کبھی آرٹ ،تصاویر،لوک داستانیں اور کبھی شعر وادب کی صورت زبان کا اظہار بہترین ذریعہ ہے۔لفظوں کو ایک خاص انداز میں اپنے خیالات کے اظہار لے لیے استعمال کرنا شاعری ہے۔راکی ولسن نے بھی اپنے خیالات کے اظہار کے لیے خوبصورت الفاظ کا استعمال کیا ہے۔اس لیے اسکی شاعری و خود جذبات کے تحت وجود میں آتی ہے۔

راکی نے رشتو ں ناتوں میں بٹے ہوئے انسان کو اس کی خوشیوں،غموں،امنگوں، آرزوؤں،اْمیدوں،نا امیدوں،رویوں اور ولولوں کو اپنا موضوع بنایا ہے۔اسکی بے ساختہ شاعری فطرت انسانی کی عکاس ہے،وہ موضوعاتی شاعری پر بھی طبع آزمائی کرتے دکھائی دیتے ہیں۔انکی شاعری میں متاثر کرنے کی زبردست صلاحیت موجود ہے۔یہ صلاحیت صدق دل اور خلوص نیت کے بغیر حاصل نہیں ہوتی۔یہ خلوص نیت ان کے مجموعہ کلام ’’مینار محبت‘‘ میں محبت بانٹتے ہوئے دکھائی دیتا ہے۔آپ کے اس مجموعہ کلام اجمالی جائزہ کچھ اس طرح سے ہے۔

اگرچہ شاعر نے شاعری کی روایت سے ہٹ کر اس کتا کو شروع کیا ہے۔مگر اس کے باوجود وہ اپنے پروردگار کو بھولے نہیں۔کہتے ہیں کہ ہر شے میں اس ذات باری تعالیٰ کا جلوہ موجود ہے اسی لیے تو کائنات کی ہر شے اس کی خوبصورتی کو دیکھنا چاہتی ہے،آج راکی صاحب جو کچھ بھی ہیں وہ سب اس ذات کی کرم نوازی کی وجہ سے ممکن ہوا ہے:

حسن فطرت کے مظہر ہے تیری شان وجیہہ

تیری دید کی طالب ہر آنکھ شیدائی ہے

اسلامی ریاست کے مالیاتی نظام کا تصور ملکیت، محاصل و مصارف

The Islamic state has certain rules for taxes to generate income, which need to be followed within Islamic premises. In Islam, Kharāj is a type of individual Islamic tax on agricultural land and its product. At that time, kharaj was synonymous with jizyah, which later emerged as a per head tax paid by the dhimmis with complete ownership of all resources. Khums means " onefifth or 20%". In Islamic legal terminology, it means one-fifth of certain items that a person acquires as wealth must be paid to the Islamic State. This study is focused on the financial system of an Islamic state, its taxation and revenues.

An Analysis of the Causes of Failure in the English Subject in Government High Schools for Boys in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

The aim of this research study was to analyze the causes of failure in the English subject in Government High Schools for Boys in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. English language is occupying a global position with multidimensional role in the fields of science, business and education. So it has great significance in the present era. However, students’ academic results at the secondary level in Government Schools are not promising as compared to other compulsory subjects. The failure rate of students in English subject was found far high (35.95%), compared to Urdu (2.2%) and Pak Studies (3.6%). The major objectives were to investigate the failure ratio in the English subject, identify the causes of failure in the English subject, analyze the causes of English language skills’ deficiency of students and give suggestions to control the failure rate in English.The population consisted of all Government High Schools for Boys of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The targeted population included six districts namely, Bannu, Kohat, Peshawar, Mardan, Dir Lower and Swat. Using stratified sampling technique, the sample included 345 principals, 345 English teachers and 2270 10th class students. The sample size was taken as per Krejcie and Morgan table. The primary data were collected through three different questionnaires which were administered to principals, English subject teachers and students of 10th class. Secondary data were gathered from authentic documents. The data collected were analyzed, tabulated and converted into percentages and chi-square through statistical package of social sciences (SPSS). Then the data were interpreted and discussed. Main findings of the study are that a majority of the English teachers are unqualified, technically ill- equipped and inexperienced. Language laboratories are not available in schools. Teachers use Grammar translation method where mother tongue is dominant. English teachers do not arrange such practical activities which can either improve language skills or give students an exposure to English language. Classrooms are overcrowded which hamper students’ performance in the English subject because there is a lack of teacher-student interaction and participation. Syllabus is found lengthy and time for the English period is not sufficient. Monthly or unit tests are not given to students. Principals do not supervise or supplement teachers vi and students regarding English language. All these related factors lead to academic failure of secondary school students. The Study recommends remedial measures which include, selection of English teachers with relevant qualification be made. They should be given in-service training in order to raise their standard of teaching. Language laboratories should be established in schools and teachers should be trained for their correct usage. Direct method of teaching in English should be adopted to give students better exposure to English language. Creative and literary activities should be arranged for students. Principals should supervise, regularly, the performance of students in the English subject and they may also guide the teachers concerned. Parent-teacher coordination is needed to make sure students’ performance in the English subject.
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel

Join our Whatsapp Channel to get regular updates.