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38. Sad/Saad

38. Sad/Saad

I/We begin by the Blessed Name of Allah

The Immensely Merciful to all, The Infinitely Compassionate to everyone.

38:01
a. Saad.
b. By The Divine Qur’an - full of Remembrance and Reminders.

38:02
a. They do not have any reason to reject it.
b. Instead, those who disbelieve are lost in conceit and dissent.

38:03
a. How many generations have WE destroyed before them for the same sins!
b. Then they cried out for help when it was far too late to repent and escape the punishment.

38:04
a. Yet they are surprised that a Warner should come to them from among themselves.
b. And the disbelievers say to one another:
c. ‘This Prophet is a deceiver, a liar!’

38:05
a. How ‘has he made our worshipful entities into only One worshipful entity of Allah?
b. Surely this is very astonishing and a curious thing, indeed!’

38:06
a. And the leaders among them went about saying:
b. ‘Let us go out of here.
c. And remain faithful to your worshipful entities.
d. Indeed, this is what is extremely desirable.’

38:07
a. ‘We have not heard anything like this in the religion of these later days.
b. So this concept is nothing but a fabrication.’

38:08
a. How has the Reminder - The Qur’an - been sent down on to him alone from among all of us?
b. No!
c. Instead, they are lost in doubts about MY Reminder.

d. No!
e. In fact, they have not yet tasted MY Punishment!

38:09
a. They think that no one else deserves...

Victory of the Holy Prophet (P. B. U. H) over the People of Makkah

The Prophet (P.B.U.H), born in 571 A.D at Makkah, came to enlighten this world with divine guidance and to transform this world from the clutches of immoralities and sins to pinnacle of piety and ethics. He lived in this world for almost 63 years and brought revolutionary changes which no one even could think of. But this task was not easy, he suffered the most and sacrificed everything to raise and proclaim the words of Allah. He set an example for others to follow. This article is all about his life in Madinah with regard to his dealing with the arch enemies of Islam who were his own natives “The Makkans”. Prophet (P.B.U.H) settled in Madinah and established Islamic society so as to enable everyone to spend life in accordance with the divine guidance. Here, he signed treaty with the Jews created Muakhaat for Mohajirin and Ansars. On the other hand, Makkans could not stand this development. So, they imposed battles on Muslims and Muslims had no options except Jihad. The Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H) fought many battles with Makkans. However, no innocent was executed during these incidences. This shows the dynamic teachings of Islam.  This article gives brief events of these battles besides revelations which came to Prophet in the line of duty to motivate and guide Muslims. It took almost eight years for Prophet to excel Makkans.

Synthesis, Spectroscpic Studies and Reactivity of Chromium 111 Complexes With Aroyl Hydrazines

Chromium in biological tissues is mostly present in trivalent form and helps to maintain the normal metabolism of glucose, proteins and fats. Literature suggests that chromium(III) complexes have a number of biological activities but some are cytotoxic in nature. So it is necessary to investigate new non-toxic chromium(III) complexes. Aroylhydrazines are biologically important chemical substances and their activities are known to be more improved after complexation with certain metal ions. In order to reveal the chemistry and biochemistry of chromium(III) complexes, the present work explains the synthesis of chromium(III) complexes with aroylhydrazine ligands, their structural and spectroscopic studies. Another significant contribution of this study is the evaluation of the cytotoxic activity, antioxidant nature, antiglycation property and carbonic anhydrase inhibition activities of synthesized chromium(III)-aroylhydrazine complexes. Aroylhydrazine ligands (1-12) with different substituents and their chromium(III) complexes (1a-12a) were synthesized and characterized by using analytical (C, H, N, Cr and Cl- analysis), physical (conductivity measurements) and spectral (EI-Mass, ESI-Mass, FTIR and UV-visible) methods. These physical, analytical and spectral data support that all chromium(III)-aroylhydrazine complexes exhibit an octahedral geometry in which ligand exhibits as a bidentate coordination and two water molecules coordinated at equatorial positions with general formula [Cr(L)2(H2O)2]Cl3. FTIR study demonstrated that in chromium(III)-aroylhydrazine complexes, the ligands were coordinated in a bidentate fashion through carbonyl oxygen and terminal amino nitrogen. ESI-Mass spectra showed that all chromium(III)-aroylhydrazine complexes produce fragments which were assigned to three chlorides and two water molecules from chromium(III) complexes. UV-visible study showed that there are three absorption bands and they also confirmed octahedral geometry of chromium(III)-aroylhydrazine complexes. UV-visible solution study of chromium(III)-aroylhydrazine complexes were evaluated that all of the aroylhydrazine ligands generate stronger ligand field strength than DMSO. Moreover, viii Time dependent stability study of chromium(III)-aroylhydrazine complexes in DMSO showed the decomposition of complex with the passage of time. Some chromium(III) complexes are reported to exhibit cytotoxicity. However, our studies show that chromium(III)-aroylhydrazine complexes reported here were not found to be toxic against normal cells so these compounds were further studied for other biological activities. All chromium(III)-aroylhydrazine complexes were screened for in vitro diphenyl dipicryl hydrazine (DPPH), superoxide dismutase and nitric oxide radical scavenging activities. Majority of the chromium(III)-aroylhydrazine complexes were found to be more effective scavengers as compared to free aroylhydrazine ligands. Studies showed that both steric hindrance and electron inductive effect play an important role in antioxidant activities. Aroylhydrazine ligands and their chromium(III) complexes were also investigated for carbonic anhydrase (CA II) inhibition activity and it was found that all aroylhydrazine ligands were inactive whereas chromium(III)-aroylhydrazine complexes showed excellent carbonic anhydrase inhibition. Chromium(III)-aroylhydrazine complexes with substituents meta position showed higher inhibition potential which may indicate better orientation of these complexes with interactive sites of enzymes. These studies also justified that slight alteration in the structure of the ligands may enhance the biological activities of chromium(III)-aroylhydrazine complexes. Aroylhydrazine ligands and their chromium(III) complexes were also examined for their antiglycation activity in which ligands were found inactive whereas chromium(III)-aroylhydrazine complexes showed significant inhibition of the process of protein glycation. Antiglycation potential of these complexes are dependent upon various factors such as metal-ligand complexation, binding pattern of ligands in the complexes, presence of nitrogen and nature of the ligands. This study provides the opportunity for future researchers to work in this area in order to find more Cr(III)-based antioxidant & antiglycating agents for controlling of diabetes.
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