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مولانا شاہد فاخری الٰہ آبادی

مولانا شاہد فاخری الہٰ آبادی
افسوس ہے پچھلے دنوں مولانا شاہد فاخری الہٰ آبادی کاانتقال ہوگیا۔مرحوم دائرہ اجملیہ الٰہ آباد کے سجادہ نشین،خلافت تحریک کے عظیم قائد اورشعلہ بیان مقرر مولانا فاخر الٰہ آبادی کے خلف الرشید اوران کی روایات وخصوصیات کے بدرجۂ اتم حامل تھے چنانچہ انھوں نے بھی ساری عمر آزادی سے پہلے اورآزادی کے بعد کی قومی وملی تحریکات میں گزار دی۔
والدؒ کی طرح شعلہ بیان اورنہایت پُرجوش خطیب تھے۔آخر تک کانگریس اورجمعیۃ علمائے ہند سے وابستہ رہے اوراس سلسلہ میں قیدوبند کے محن سے بھی دوچار ہوئے۔ان کی زندگی سراپا ایثار وخلوص تھی۔حق بات کہنے میں نہایت جری اوربیباک تھے۔ ان کاقومی اورملی حلقوں میں بڑا احترام اوروقار تھا۔آزادی کے بعد انھوں نے جس جرأت وجسارت سے مسلم کاز کی حمایت کی وہ ان کا طغرائے امتیاز تھا۔پنڈت جواہر لال نہرو اوران کے خاندان سے ان کے ذاتی اوربے تکلفانہ تعلقات تھے۔مگر پنڈت جی کے سامنے بھی وہ حق بات کہنے میں کبھی نہیں ہچکچائے جس کی وجہ سے پنڈت جی ان کی بڑی قدرکرتے تھے۔اللھم اغفرلہ وارحمہ۔ [اکتوبر۱۹۷۵ء]

A Case Report of Non-Atherosclerotic Driven Myocardial Infarction in a Patient Presenting with Coronary Artery Spasm Non-atherosclerotic driven myocardial infarction

Background: Non-atherosclerotic processes are regarded as equally important contributors to a substantial number of coronary problems mainly myocardial infarction. This includes coronary spasm which has been considered as one of the coronary syndromes leading to myocardial infarction. These non-atherosclerotic events ensuing in major averse cardiac events (MACE) not only require various diagnostic and therapeutic strategies but also there is a need to delineate the underlying etiology for their effective treatment and management. Case Summary: We report a case of anterior wall myocardial infarction (AWMI) driven by a non-atherosclerotic event i.e. Coronary spasm. Concomitant marked ST-segment elevation recorded on ECG revealed a diffuse mid distal disease in our patient. We report here the initial presentation, coronary care & intervention and throughout the clinical course of our patient. Conclusion: Myocardial infarctionsinvolving non-atherosclerotic causes in young individuals as in our study should be reported by medical practitioners and given equal importance as they might indicate the underlying root cause of such events. Effective treatment of such future cases can be done by taking management strategies, diagnostic findings and prognostic data into consideration.

Fabrication and Evaluation of Solid Lipid Nanoparticles for Niclosamide Bcs-Ii and Sulfasalazine Bcs-Iv Drugs

New drug entities with poor aqueous solubility are becoming more prevalent as result of high-throughput screening in drug discovery. Poor aqueous solubility presents significant challenges, as it reduces the absorption and oral bioavailability. Several formulation approaches have been employed to overcome the limitations of low dissolution rate and/or solubility including; pH-adjustment, co-solvents, surfactants, inclusion complexes, lipid-based formulations i.e. Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) and Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs), and nano-suspensions. In this study efforts are made for the selection of formulation approach based on the drug properties and the required specifications of the final dosage form. Among these formulation approaches solid lipid nanoparticles were selected with the aim of improving solubility/bioavailability of the poorly water-soluble drugs; BCS-II (Niclosamide) and BCS-IV (Sulfasalazine). Two different techniques i.e. Micro-emulsion Technique and Solvent Emulsification Diffusion Technique were used to fabricate SLNs. The SLNs formulations were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Powder X-ray Diffraction (P-XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR). The SLNs formulations loaded with Niclosamide and Sulfasalazine were successfully converted to solid dosage form followed by similarity study. In-vitro studies of SLNs formulations in comparison with marketed dosage form showed improvement in solubility and dissolution while the in-vivo studies confirmed improved oral bioavailability. Niclosamide loaded SLNs fabricated by Micro Emulsion Technique having particle size 204.2 ± 2.2 nm, polydispersity index 0.328 ± 0.02, zeta potential -33.16 ± 2mv, entrapment efficiency 84.4 ± 0.02%, and drug loading capacity 5.27 ± 0.03% were obtained. Different kinetic models showed zero order kinetics and Case-II transport mechanism. In-vivo pharmacokinetic study showed 2.15-fold increase in peak plasma concentration for Niclosamide loaded SLNs while relative bioavailability (Fr) of 11.08. Fabrication of Niclosamide loaded SLNs using Solvent Emulsification Diffusion Technique showed particle size 208.6 ± 2.2 nm, polydispersity index 0.376 ± 0.04, zeta potential -34.11 ± 1.2 mv, entrapment efficiency 85.4 ± 0.04% and drug loading capacity 3.18 ± 0.04 %. Observed zero order kinetics with case-II transport, the range in the parenthesis might be helpful for the drug release mechanism. 2.04-fold increase in peak plasma concentration was observed in pharmacokinetic study with relative bioavailability (Fr) of 10.59. In case of Sulfasalazine-SLNs prepared by Micro Emulsion Technique having particle size 217.2 ± 3.2nm, PDI 0.373 ± 0.02, zeta potential -35.26 ± 2mV, entrapment efficiency 89.1 ± 0.03% and drug loading capacity 2.87 ± 0.05% were obtained. Kinetic modelling studies showed mixed order kinetics for drug release. Release exponent was more than 0.89, regarded as Super Case-II diffusion mechanism. In-vivo pharmacokinetic study showed 2.43-fold increase in oral bioavailability of sulfasalazine as SLN formulation compared to commercial product. Solvent Emulsification Diffusion Technique was used to fabricate Sulfasalazine loaded SLNs, showed particle size 202.3 ± 2.2 nm, PDI 0.376 ± 0.02, zeta potential -35.82 ± 2 mV, entrapment efficiency 86.3 ± 0.02% and drug loading capacity 3.03 ± 0.04%. Zero order kinetics and Case-II transport mechanism for drug release was observed with 1.86-fold increase in peak plasma concentration during pharmacokinetic study. These studies validated that, SLNs as nanoparticulate drug delivery system enhanced oral bioavailability of Niclosamide and Sulphasalazine. Hence, these studies provide new strategies for the oral bioavailability of hydrophobic drugs.
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