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منظوم تبصرہ و قطعۂ تاریخ

منظوم تبصرہ
از حافظ عبدالغفار حافظؔ
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آ گئے ہیں سامنے با کرّ و فر شفقت فرید

میرے مشفق ڈاکٹر شہزاد کی خدمات پر
لکھ کے لائے ہیں مقالہ خوب تر شفقت فرید

ایم فِل کا یہ مقالہ قابلِ تعریف ہے
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کیا ہی کہنا ڈاکٹر شہزاد کی خدمات کا
جائزہ لیتے نہ کیوں دل کھول کر شفقت فرید

زندہ و جاوید جیسے ڈاکٹر شہزاد ہیں
کیوں نہ ہو جاتے اُسی صورت امر شفقت فرید

جامعہ نے کر لیا منظور تھیسز آپ کا
ہو گئے اس طرح ڈگری ہولڈر شفقت فرید

دو مبارک باد بڑھ کر حافظِ ؔشیریں نوا
کیوں کہ اس کے مستحق ہیں سر بہ سر شفقت فرید
قطعہ تاریخ طباعت
فکرِ تاریخِ طباعت جب ہوئی حافظ مجھے
یہ کہا ہاتف نے بحر نام ور شفقت فرید
لکھ دعا کا سر ملا کر محسنِ شیریں سخن
۴ ۱۴۳۸
۱۴۴۲ھ
تا کہ خوش ہو جائیں اُس کو دیکھ کر شفقت فرید

خراجِ محبت و عقیدت
عاشقِ نعت نبیؐ شہزاد ہیں
اک سفیر آگہی شہزاد ہیں
جو مٹائے نفرتوں کی تیرگی
ہاں وہی تو روشنی شہزاد ہیں
یہ فروغِ نعت میں سر گرم ہیں
اہلِ دل کی زندگی شہزاد ہیں
لمحہ لمحہ ذکر سرورؐ لب پہ ہے
طالبِ شہرِ نبیؐ شہزاد ہیں
جانتے ہیں اہلِ دل ، اہل نظر
چاہتوں کی چاندنی شہزاد ہیں
جن کا شیدائی ہے یہ احمد خیالؔ
وہ بہارِ زندگی شہزاد ہیں
از احمد خیال

An Analysis of Sociocultural Barriers on Social Empowerment of Women in Sahiwal Division

The paper sets out to discuss impact of socio-cultural barriers on social empowerment of rural women in term of decision making related to their personal as well as social life in Sahiwal division. Pakistan is a patriarchal society characterized by patri-local residence and exclusion of women from the right of inheritance and succession, which pave ways for male-headed society. In addition, socio-cultural factors strongly favour male-dominance and an inferior status of females in all walks of life. A quantitative approach was adopted for carrying out current study. A survey instrument was designed and employed for data collection from 384 respondents from rural areas of Sahiwal division. The findings of the study revealed that less than one third (31.25%) of the respondents were consulted in decision-making about domestic matters. Likewise, more than half (51.8%) of the respondents were not independent in moving out of home for meeting any social need. Similarly, more than one third (41.4%) of the respondents were not free to visit their friends in the neighborhood. The study concludes that women in the rural areas are less empowered and still suffering socially, economically and psychologically in their day to day life. The study provides an insight for professional social workers, policy makers and stakeholders in public and private sectors for influencing policy-making and planning for revisiting and redesigning existing policies and plans intended for empowerment of rural women in Pakistan

Optimization of Route Planning for Dynamic Environments Using Swarm Intelligence

Environments for algorithms can be categorized as static or dynamic. A static environment remains stationary throughout the execution of the algorithm, while in a dynamic environment the environment changes during the execution of the algorithm. The algorithms for planning in static and dynamic environments can be divided into offline and online algorithms. This research implements an online algorithm for an unknown environment and combined exploration and planning in a hybrid architecture. A simulated system of agents based on swarm intelligence is presented for route optimization and exploration. Two versions of the system are implemented and compared for performance- i.e., a simulated ant agent system and a simulated niche based particle swarm optimization. A simulated ant agent system is presented to address the issues involved during route planning in dynamic and unknown environments cluttered with obstacles and objects. A simulated ant agent system (SAAS) is proposed using a modified ant colony optimization algorithm for dealing with online route planning. The SAAS generates and optimizes routes in complex and large environments with constraints. The traditional route optimization techniques focus on good solutions only and do not exploit the solution space completely. The SAAS is shown to be an efficient technique for providing safe, short, and feasible routes under dynamic constraints, and its efficiency has been tested in a mine field simulation with different environment configurations. It is capable of tracking a stationary as well as a non-stationary goal and performs equally well as compared to moving target search algorithm. Route planning for dynamic environment is further extended by using another optimization technique for generation of multiple routes. Simulated niche based particle swarm has been used for dynamic online route planning, optimization of the routes, and it has proved to be an effective technique. It efficiently deals with route planning in dynamic and unknown environments cluttered with obstacles and objects. A simulated niche based particle swarm optimization (SN-PSO) is proposed using a modified particle swarm optimization algorithm for dealing with online route planning. The SN-PSO generates and optimizes multiple routes in complex and large environments with constraints. The SN-PSO is shown to be an efficient technique for providing safe, short,and feasible routes under dynamic constraints. The efficiency of the SN-PSO is tested in a mine field simulation with different environment configuration, and it successfully generates multiple feasible routes. Finally, the swarm based techniques are further compared with an evolutionary algorithm (genetic algorithm) for performance and scalability. Statistical results showed that evolutionary techniques perform well in less cluttered environments and their performance degrades with the increase in environment complexity. For small size maps, the evolutionary technique performs well but its efficiency decreases with an increase in map size.
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel
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