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در عدالتِ علے

در عدالت علے

                ’’در عدالت علے‘‘علی اکبر ناطق کی مناقب اہل بیت کا مجموعہ ہے۔مولا کی طرف سے خاص عطا کیا ہوا۔ ان کے کلام نے مولا علی کے قصائد آئمہ طاہرین کے حضور نذرانے کے طور پر کلام پیش کیا ہے۔قاری جب پڑھتا ہے تو بے اختیار پکار اٹھتا ہے کہ مصنف نے اس کا حق ادا کردیا ہے۔انہوں نے اس میں تاریخِ حق کو بیان کیا ہے کہ کس طرح  تاریخِ حق کو منقبت میں سمو دیا گیاہے۔در عدالت علے عکس پبلی کیشنز نے 2020ء میں شائع کی۔اس کا انتساب سید اظہر علی عابد کے نام ہے۔اس کتاب نے مذہبی اور ادبی حلقوں میں یکساں طور پر ارتعاش پیداکیا ہے۔ انہوں نے اس میں ایک نظم ’’یاعلی میں گداؤں کی بستی کا ساکن‘‘کے عنوان سے لکھی ہے۔جس سے ان کا علی سے عشق کی انتہا کا ثبوت ملتا ہے۔یہ نظم انسان کے دل ودماغ کی پاکیزگی اور اس کے کردار کو بلندی کی طرف مائل کرتی ہے۔وہ بتاتے ہیں کہ ایک دن وہ اسلام آباد میں تھے۔ظہور امام کے دن تھے۔وہ بتاتے ہیں کہ سید منظر نقوی کے ساتھ جامعہ صادق جی نائن اسلام آباد میں مجلس سننے کے واسطے پہنچا۔سید اظہر نے جیسے ہی مجھے قریب پایا تو مجھے سلام پڑھنے کیلئے کہہ دیا۔وہ کہتے ہیں کہ ان کے ہاتھ پاؤں پھول گئے کیونکہ کلام پاس نہیں تھااور لکھا ہوا کچھ یاد نہیں تھا۔خیر قدم اٹھتے چلے گئے اورایک نظم جو اسلامک کو ذہن میں رکھ کر لکھی تھی اسی کے شعر پڑھنے لگے ناطق بتاتے ہیں کہ انھیں خوب داد وصول ہوئی۔

                پھر انہوں نے ان کی مدح کے لیے بھی قلم اٹھایااور لکھنا شروع کیااور لکھتے ہی چلے  گئے۔ اس طرح انھوں نے در عدالت علے کو مکمل کیا۔اس کا انتساب اسی...

Impact of Institutional Quality on Trade Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises in Pakistan

The trade economy is dependent upon the institutional quality of the country. It affects the ease of doing business in the economy. It is plausible to think that, how institutional quality can affect the trading performance of Pakistan. Small & medium enterprises (SMEs) are playing the role of the backbone of the trade sector in Pakistan. Contribution SMEs can be significantly improved, by improving the supporting macroeconomic indicators. This paper studies the short-run and the long-run association between SME trade growth and cost of production, relative prices, and Institutional quality in Pakistan. It also examines the Environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis, between SME trade growth and institutional quality in Pakistan. This study utilizes secondary data, which is taken from multiple secondary sources, including the SMEDA, Pakistan Economic Survey, and world development indicators. The biannual data is assembled up for 38 observations from (2000 to 2019). This study uses Auto Regressive Distributive Lag (ARDL) bound testing method to examine the short run and long run connections between SMEs’ trade growth and macro-economic variables, like; relative prices, Cost of production. Gross Domestic Product, exchange rate, and institutional quality. These variables are selected from the available literature. The study finds that the short-run response of SMEs trade is not significant, but it significantly responds to macro-economic indicators in long run. The institutional quality has a non-linear relationship with SMEs trade growth. This indicates that the pollution heaven hypothesis holds valid even for the case of institutional quality and SMEs trading performance. The study focuses on the optimality of institutional quality for the optimal performance level of SMEs in Pakistan.

Charaterization and Utilization of Citrus Wastes As Value Added Fruit Leather

In current research work, locally grown citrus wastes (peel and bagasse) were characterized through compositional analysis followed by preparation of citrus waste enriched fruit leather. After that, biokinetic trial was carried out to evaluate the prophylatic potential of citrus waste with special reference to hypercholesterolemia and hyperglycemia on Sprague Dawley rats. In this context, chemical analysis proved that citrus peel is an excellent source of inorganic matter. Regarding the phytochemical profiling, citrus peel as well as bagasse showed highest activity in methanol extract followed by ethanol and water. On the other hand grapefruit peel and bagasse proved to have maximum polyphenols followed by oranges and musami. The methanolic extract of grapefruit peel showed maximum values of TPC 206.53±6.82 mg GAE/ 100 g, Flavonoids 83.06±2.74 mg QE/100 g, DPPH 62.80±2.07%, antioxidant activity 58.13±1.92%, ABTS 10.35±0.34 µmole TE/g, iron chelation 18.54±0.61%, superoxide anion 34.62±1.14% and hydrogen peroxide 55.90±1.84%. The same trend was observed in the methanolic extract of grapefruit bagasse. Furthermore, the bioactive entities, hesperidin and nobiletin quantified through HPLC showed maximum hesperidin in methanolic extract of grapefruit peel and bagasse i.e. 28.51 and 7.40 mg/g in peel and bagasse respectively. Similarly, the nobiletin was maximum 9.92 mg/g in methanolic extract of grapefruit peel and 2.78 mg/g in methanolic extract of grapefruit bagasse. On the basis of in vitro analyses and HPLC quantification methanolic extract of grapefruit peel and bagasse were selected for the preparation of citrus enriched fruit leather that was further used in bio-efficacy trail. Accordingly two types of fruit leathers were prepared using methanolic extract of citrus peel and bagasse @ 5% against control. The prepared fruit leather was assessed for physico-chemical analysis, antioxidant activity and sensory evaluation on monthly basis during storage of four months. During storage interval pH, acidity, TPC and DPPH changed significantly however, all other parameters changed non-momentously. The hedonic response of citrus enriched fruit leather showed that the best results were obtained by T1 (fruit leather with 5% grapefruit peel extract) followed by T2 (fruit leather with 5% grapefruit bagasse extract) and T0 (control fruit leather). After that, the valuation of hesperidin was evaluated by the biokinetic trial of experimental rat modeling. The biokinetic study was comprised of three studies i.e. normal study (study 1) fed on chow diet, hypercholesterolemic study (study II) fed on chow diet with 1.5% cholesterol and hyperglycemic study (study III) feeding on chow diet with 40% sucrose. All the studies were further divided into three groups categorized on the basis of diet. 1st group fed on control fruit leather, 2nd on fruit leather prepared with 5% grapefruit peel extract and 3rd on fruit leather prepared with 5% grapefruit bagasse extract. During the 60 days efficacy trials, the feed intake & drink intakes along with body weight changed significantly. Moreover, in hypercholesterolemic study (study II) the cholesterol level decreased momentously as 14.42% and 10.65% by grapefruit peel extract (T1) and grapefruit bagasse extract enriched fruit leather (T2). Likewise, the LDL level was 60.62±2.24 mg/dL in control group that reduced to 51.93±1.92 in T1 and 54.05±2.00 mg/dL in T2. Moreover, the grapefruit waste impart non-significant effect on HDL however, triglycerides level decreased 11.34% by T1 and 10.40% by T2. The same trend was observed in hyperglycemic study (study III) in which glucose level decreased from 141.53±4.95 to 116.90±4.09 mg/dL by grapefruit peel extract enriched fruit leather and 128.52±4.15 mg/dL by grapefruit bagasse extract enriched fruit leather. Similarly, the insulin level increased 10.32 and 5.07% in T1 and T2. The liver functioning tests as AST, ALT & ALP and kidney functioning tests (urea and creatinine levels) remained non-significant in all the studies by the supplementation of both fruit leathers. Moreover, neither grapefruit peel extract enriched fruit leather nor grapefruit bagasse enriched fruit leather impart any harmful effect on the biochemistry of blood as proved by the hematological analyses. Conclusively, it is stated that citrus wastes based fruit leathers are effectual to mitigate health related disorders.
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Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel

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