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شہدائے خیر پور ناتھن شاہ
شہدائے خیر پور ناتھن شاہ
ستون دار پر رکھتے چلو سروں کے چراغ
جہاں تک یہ ظلم کی سیاہ رات چلے
جنرل ضیاء الحق کے مارشل لاء کے خلاف تحریک بحالی جمہوریت 1983ء میں پاکستان پیپلز پارٹی کے پانچ سو ارکان شہید ہو ئے تھے مگر 12ستمبر 1989ء کو سب سے خون ریز واقعہ خیر پور ناتھن شاہ سندھ میں پیش آ یا جب فوج کی گلیوں سے بارہ افراد شہید ہو ئے ۔آج ان کی برسی خیر پور ناتھن شاہ میں منائی جا رہی ہے ۔
Ethical and Moral Issues in Undergraduate Medical Education: An Exploratory Study
Background: Ethical and moral values form the basis of the environment in any academic institution. Objectives: This study aimed to explore the ethical and moral issues faced by medical students during their undergraduate medical education in Pakistan. Methods: This qualitative exploratory study was conducted at ABWA Medical College, Faisalabad. It included thirteen semi-structured, one-to-one interviews of volunteering undergraduate medical students of Punjab, Pakistan, from September 2021 to February 2022. The interview invitation was sent electronically to social media groups. Member checking of transcribed interviews was done, and data were analyzed thematically using Atlas-ti software by two independent researchers. Results: Thematic data analysis led to the formation of 28 codes, 13 subthemes, and 3 main themes. Based on the social constructive approach, three main themes were categorized into ethical issues in (1) academic, (2) social, and (3) clinical contexts. Conclusions: The results showed that undergraduate medical students face a myriad of ethical and moral disruptions during their undergraduate study period at medical college. Much awareness about identifying and dealing with such issues is recommended to bring more quality to the program.Qualitative Explorative Study of Science Subject Leadership in the Enhancement of Information Communication Technology Integration in Project Based Learning in a Private Secondary School in Pakistan
Leadership has an influence over the development and implementation of an innovation in a department. In a bid to integrate ICT, teachers have been developed and facilities have been provided. In contrast, the prevalent status is use of ICT as an addition in projects and delegation of the integration to the ‘ICT specialists' by the Science Subject Leaders (SSL). Through exploring the SSL, leadership will identify the practices that can enhance ICT integration and thus improve student's learning experiences. Therefore, the questions: “How does a SSL perceive and enact her roles to enhance ICT integration in PBL; What are the factors influencing SSL in the integration of ICT in PBL was the focus of the study, which contributes to the current body of knowledge in leadership. The study was conducted through the qualitative case study approach which was explorative and interpretive in nature within a grounded approach. Data from field notes, interviews, and document and artifact analysis were used to explore the SSL leadership. Since leadership is fluid and not identified within an individual but in a responsibility; hence, the SSL was the focus and the team she interacted with in the projects also participated. The study observed a ten lesson (six weeks) project cycle in a private middle school in Pakistan undertaking the IGCSE curriculum. Three aspects emerged to inform the leadership of the SSL in integrating ICT, these were: leading manifested in leadership styles and technophile, technologic that is possession of skill and knowledge, utility level and training others, administration in shared planning, monitoring, mentoring and reviewing. I argue that the personality and technologic influenced the teachers to enhance integration. The study revealed that the empowerment of a SSL builds up the leadership capacity. Thus, SSL knowledge perceptions and roles must be attended to and not taken for granted. The implications of the study include a) develop knowledge and skill of SSL (b) empowering the SSL (c) allowing interdepartmental collaborated activities (d) provision of resources. Nevertheless, training and equipment require SSL leadership for integration to be enhanced. The study was limited within one project cycle due to time factor; however, many cycles may have identified on the basis of a variety of characterizing influences.Journals by Discipline
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