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بے ایمانی دی سزا

پرانے وقتاں دی گل اے کہ اک پہاڑ دے دامن وچ اک شخص رہندا سی۔ اوس کول بہت ساریاں مجھاں گاواں سن۔ مجھاں گاواں سارا دن ادھر اُدھر چر دیاں۔ شام نوں تھوڑی دیر پہلاں اوہ ددھ چوندا۔ اوس وچ بہت سارا پانی ملاندا تے کول دے شہر وچ جا کے ویچ آندا۔ اوہ ہر اک گاہک نوں آکھدا کہ ددھ خالص اے۔ ددھ ویچ کے ضروریاتِ زندگی دیاں چیزاں خرید دا تے گھر واپس آ جاندا۔

گاہک اوس نوں اکثر شکایت کردے کہ ددھ بہت پتلا اے۔ ایس وچ پانی نہ ملایا کر۔ کسے وی شکایت دا اوس اتے کوئی اثر نہ ہوندا۔ سگوں آکھدا کہ ددھ وچ پانی ہونا قدرتی امر اے۔ میں پانی نہیں ملاندا نالے ددھ کیہڑا سکا ہوندا اے۔ ایس طرح ددھ ویچدے اوس نوں بہت عرصہ گزر گیا۔ ہن اوہدے کول بہت زیادہ دولت وی آ گئی سی۔ اوہ کسے نوں کجھ وی نئیں سی سمجھدا۔ دن بدن لالچ ودھدا گیا تے اوہ ددھ وچ پانی دی مقدار وچ وادھا کرداگیا۔

اک دن اچانک اسمان اتے کالی بدلی اُٹھی تے اوس پورے اسمان نوں اپنے کلاوے وچ لے لیا۔ ہر طرف ہنیرا ای ہنیرا ہو گیا۔ اوہ بہت خوش ہویا کہ مینہ پوے گا۔ جس پاروں گھاہ زیادہ ہووے گا۔ گاواں مجھاں کھا کے زیادہ ددھ دیون گئیاں۔ بس فیر میرے وارے نیارے ہو جاون گے۔ اچانک بدل گرجیا۔ بجلی چمکی پہلاں ہولی تے فیر تیز بارش شروع ہو گئی۔ ایس دے نال اولے پین لگ پئے۔ ہر پاسے پانی ای پانی ہو گیا۔ پہاڑاں توں پانی سیلاب دی صورت وچ ایس شدت نال اوہدے پنڈ ول ودھیا کہ اوہدیاں گاواں مجھاں، گھر تے گھر دا سارا سامان اپنے نال بہہ کے لے گیا۔ ہن اوہدے کول نہ تے گاواں مجھاں سن تے نہ ای گھرتے نہ نقدی، اوہ...

تعلیم المدنیت (شہریت کی تعلیم) اسلامی تناظر میں

E come across unpleasant news regarding people from different walks of lives. Teachers Judges, Doctors, Police Officers and so on are allegedly reported for committing malpractices and corruption. This is not the problem in our country. It is a worldwide problem. It is evident that the education which is given is not upto the mark. Though Civic education or value education is being given  across the country but it has not been proven that  much effective which can make character and personality of an individual strong engouh to  stops a person from committing the mentioned wrongs. On the other hand Islamic perspective of Civic education is more comprehensive and covers different angles and aspects of human personality and life. Islam aims to make an individual internally disciplined in the manner where he/ she does not do right things and acts just because he/she is under the eye of Camera but he/she does the right act because he/ she is supposed to do so.

The Relationship Between Behavioural Biases and Financial Wellbeing: Exploring Channels and Conditions in Pakistan

This study is aimed to investigate the moderating role of financial literacy and mediating role of financial behaviors on the relationship between behavioral biases and financial wellbeing by collecting evidence from Pakistan. The study is carried out on the presumption that human beings are not rational agents and they make decisions based on heuristics and mental shortcuts. It was believed that such heuristics, which are referred to as behavioral biases, could have implications towards the financial wellbeing of the individuals. A gap in existing literature was felt regarding the interrelationships of behavioral biases, financial behaviors, financial literacy and financial wellbeing. This study has filled this gap by following an explanatory sequential design through which a quantitative analysis followed by a qualitative analysis is carried out. During the quantitative phase, data collected through an online survey questionnaire (n=344) was analyzed through descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, multicollinearity diagnostics and structural equation modelling (SEM) etc. Whereas, in qualitative phase, the findings of quantitative analysis were interpreted in the light of feedback of financial management experts, collected through in-depth interviews (n=16). From these results, it is found that framing effect have significant implications towards the financial wellbeing of the individuals. Moreover, higher income level increases financial wellbeing; having a big family decreases financial wellbeing. Moreover, the way the information is framed significantly affect the financial behaviors. It is less likely that individuals having exponential growth bias exercise negative investment behaviors. Mental budgeting results in healthy financial behaviors. However, the negative impact of mental budgeting cannot be ignored as the human beings have restricted ability to understand and absorb the information. The study also found that people behave differently towards investments, depending upon whether they do job or business. The level of education affects the investment behaviors. There exists a relationship between investment behaviors and financial wellbeing. People exercising positive investment behaviors could have better financial wellbeing and vice versa. Therefore, investment behaviors play a mediating role between framing effect, exponential growth bias and mental budgeting and financial wellbeing. Moreover, a moderating role of actual financial literacy between exponential growth bias and financial wellbeing is also found, however, it needs further investigation. Recommendations are made based on the findings of both quantitative and qualitative analysis; limitations of the study and future research directions are also discussed.
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel

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