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29. Al-‘Ankabut/The Spider

29. Al-‘Ankabut/The Spider

I/We begin by the Blessed Name of Allah

The Immensely Merciful to all, The Infinitely Compassionate to everyone.

29:01
a. Alif. Lam. Mim.

29:02
a. Do the people think they can get away with just uttering the word:
b. ‘We believe,’
c. and they will not be tested?

29:03
a. And certainly, WE did put to the test those before them,
b. and will be putting people to the test now and always, too.
c. So Allah will surely make known those who are sincere believers,
d. and, HE will also make known those who are liars.

29:04
a. Or, do those who do sinful deeds reckon that they can escape US?
b. No. Never!
c. How wrong do they judge!

29:05
a. As for those who look forward with hope and awe to the meeting with Allah should hold
firm -
b. for the appointed time by Allah is definitely coming.
c. And, HE is The All-Listening, The All-Knowing.

29:06
a. So whoever strives in the Cause of Allah is striving only for the benefit of oneself,
b. for Allah is All-Sufficient and is not in need of anyone in the universe.

29:07
a. As for those who believe and practice righteousness,
b. WE will definitely absolve them of their evil deeds,
c. and WE will certainly reward them for the best of what they used to do in the worldly life.

29:08
a. And WE have enjoined upon every person to be good to his parents in matters of love, respect, and care,

b. and yet should they urge...

التفكير الاستراتيجي وعلاقته بالاداء الوظيفي في وزارة التربية والتعليم الفلسطينية

هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى التعرّف على علاقة التفكير الإستراتيجي بالأداء الوظيفي في وزارة التربية والتعليم الفلسطينية ومديريّاتها، إضافة إلى التعرّف إلى واقع ممارسة أبعاد التفكير الإستراتيجي في الوزارة، ومعرّفة مستوى الأداء الوظيفي في الوزارة، كما تمثلت مشكلة الدراسة في ندرة الدراسات والبحوث التطبيقية التي تتناول التفكير الإستراتيجي ومستوى الاهتمام به وعلاقته بالمتغيرات الأخرى، خاصة في القطاع العام في فلسطين، ولتحقيق أهداف الدراسة استخدم المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، واستخدمت الإستبانة أداة لجمع البيانات اللازمة من مجتمع الدراسة وعدده 550 موظفًا، وقد اعتمدت العينة العشوائية الطبقية النسبية ، وقد توصلت الدراسة إلى مجموعة من النتائج أهمّها أنّ درجة تطبيق موظفي الإدارة العليا في وزارة التربية والتعليم للتفكير الإستراتيجي متوسطة، حيث بلغت نسبة تطبيق موظفي الإدارة العليا للتفكير الإستراتيجي (61.40%)، وأنّ مستوى الأداء الوظيفي لموظفي الإدارة العليا جاء بدرجة مرتفعة وبنسبة تقييم بلغت (70.8%) ، كما وتبين وجود علاقة طردية ذات دلالة احصائية بين تطبيق التفكير الإستراتيجي ومستوى الأداء الوظيفي في وزارة التربية والتعليم الفلسطينية. وفي ضوء النتائج التي توصلت إليها الدراسة، قُدمت مجموعة من التوصيات أبرزها على وزارة التربية والتعليم الفلسطينية تبني ثقافة التفكير الاستراتيجي ونشرها بين العاملين في كافة المستويات ومنحنهم صلاحيات تمكنهم من ممارسة التفكير الاستراتيجي. كما وعليها تعزيز العاملين ذوي الأداء الوظيفي المرتفع وتحفيزهم باستمرار ورصد احتياجاتهم وتدريبهم والذي ينعكس بشكل ايجابي في تحقيق أهداف وزارة التربية والتعليم الفلسطينية. الكلمات المفتاحية: التفكير الاستراتيجي ، الاداء الوظيفي ، التعليم في فلسطين

Markers Assisted Selection for Yield Contributing Traits in Edible Pea Lines

Many germplasm of Pisum sativum have been screen for estimation of genetic diversity, cluster plating and gene linkages. Little attention has been given to the development of homozygous lines from single seed descent method in pea. In the present study 24 pea lines were evaluated, out of 24 lines, 20 pre-developed novel lines of Pisum sativum were achieved through single seed descent method from the cross of Falloner and 11760-3ER. In parental combination, Falloner (female) was dwarf, bushy tendrils, leafless, no anthocyanin pigmentation, creamy flower, green pod, creamy seed color, smooth seed shape, disease resistant and low yielding. Whereas, 11760- 3ER (male) was tall, normal tendrils, leaflet present, anthocyanin pigmentation present, purple flower, purple pod, brown seed color, rough seed shape, disease susceptible and high yielding. The control lines for comparative performance was Climex (PL-22) and local cultivar (PL-21). All the selected pea lines were evaluated through morphological and molecular markers in order to select high yielding and powdery mildew resistant novel lines. These lines were further screened for estimation of genetic diversity and genetic linkages. In morphological traits analysis 9 qualitative and 22 quantitative traits were studied. Based on quantitative traits analysis, two novel high yielding and disease resistant pea lines (PL-4 and PL-5) were selected for seed certification. The grain yield of PL-4 and PL-5 is significantly (p< 0.05) high as compared to PL- 21 and PL-22. Regarding traits association, "seed coat with anthocyanin pigmentation" showed genetic linkage with "pigmentation on flower and leaf axil" and vice versa. Interestingly, the cluster analysis grouped "tall/low yielding", "dwarf/low yielding", "tall/high yielding", "dwarf/high yielding" pea lines independently. For molecular characterization, 20 RAPD and 85 SSR markers were screened to estimate genetic diversity and genetic linkage. The RAPD markers amplified 69 bands out of which 95.6% bands were polymorphic. The similarity indexes were ranging from 0.43 to 0.88%. Furthermore, out of 85 SSR markers, 12 showed genetic polymorphism and produced an average of 2 alleles per SSR locus. The polymorphism information content (PIC) values of SSR markers ranged from 0.08 to 0.47, with an average of 0.33. Nei’s genetic distance (GD) between accessions ranged from 0.10 to 0.92. Among the total used SSR primers, only P628 SSR marker showed significant linkage with grain yield traits at 90.91% probability. The linkage of the marker was reconfirmed through Chi-square test and showed r = 0.918 (P ≤0.00) genetic linkage. This markers can be directly utilized in MAS breeding for the selection of high yielding edible pea lines.
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