Search from the Journals, Articles, and Headings
Advanced Search (Beta)
Loading...
Loading...
Loading...
Loading...
Loading...
Loading...

تخلیقات

تخلیقات

                ناطق نے شاعری سے آغاز کرتے ہوئے نثر میں بھی قسمت آزمائی اور بطور نقاد بھی اپنے فن کا مظاہرہ کیاہے۔شاعری میں نظمیں اور غزلیں دونوں میں ایک انوکھا پن نظر آتا ہے یقینایہ ان کی تخیل پہ گرفت کامنہ بولتا ثبوت ہیں۔افسانوں میں ایک خاص قسم کا رنگ نظر آتاہے معاشرے کی نمائندگی کرتے کرداروں میں بھی وہی مزاج پایا جاتا ہے جہاں وہ معاشرے کے رہن سہن کی عکاسی کررہے ہوتے ہیں۔ناول نگاری میں ان کو دیہات اور اس کے کرداروں کی بازیافت کا آدمی کہا جاتا ہے۔وہ کرداروں کو حقیقت کی زندگی دینے والے ہیں،پڑھتے ہوئے قاری کو محسوس ہوتا ہے کہ وہ خود بھی ان کرداروں میں سے ایک کردار ہے جوسب کچھ اپنی آنکھوں سے دیکھ رہا ہے۔دیہاتی زندگی کو اس قدر وضاحت سے بتاتے ہیں کہ ایک ایک منظر آنکھوں کے سامنے پھر جاتا ہے،اپنے ناول نولکھی کوٹھی اور کماری والا دونوں ہی میں انہوں نے دیہاتی زندگی کے مناظر بیان کیے ہیں۔ان کی تخلیقات کا مختصر تعارف پیش کیا جارہا ہے۔

Polemic Views about the Source of Qur’ān in Medieval Christian Writings with a Reflection upon Contemporary Orientalists: A Critical Review

Before the advent of Islam, there was a strong tradition of polemic writings both among the Jews and the Christians to prove the errors of adversary. But, after the advent of Islam in general, and the conquering of Roman / Byzantine empire by the Muslims in the era of Righteous Califate in specific, due to embracing Islam by a large number of local populace, the flux of Christian polemic writing was directed towards Islam. A number of polemic writings surfaced as a resort to keep their religion alive. These writings tried to belittle all basic concepts, beliefs, and creeds of Islam, and even the personality of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), and the Holy Qur’ān. The contemporary orientalist polemic writers have claimed that there are several accounts originating from Jewish and Christian sources which tried to allegedly prove that the Holy Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) was instructed by Jewish or Christian scholars in the composition of Holy Qur’ān, and to support this claim, they not only point out to certain Jewish or Christian sources, but have parroted their arguments as well, with the similar motives. With this, they have attempted to discredit Islam by raising doubts about the origin of Qur’ān. But despite of their efforts the fact remains firm that the Qur’ān has a Divine origin and was revealed by Allah Ta‘ālā unto Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). In this regard, the purpose of this article is to analyze the medieval polemic writings, their motives, and their rumination by the orientalists of the contemporary age. A critical approach is adopted in this analytical, and historical study, using published authentic data and literature including academic books, research papers, periodicals, dictionaries and reliable web sites also.

Sampled-Data Ltv Regulation Using Reconstruction Observer

Sampled-data output feedback regulation for continuous time varying system is discussed in this dissertation. The continuous time varying system is generally referred as plant. The plant output asymptotically tracks a continuous reference signal generated by an exogenous system. It is assumed that only the sampled-output of both plant and reference signals are available for measurement. The problem is to design a continuous-time (non-impulsive) reconstruction observer for both plant and exogenous system states estimation followed by a continuous-time controller to achieve ripple free smooth regulation. The design of reconstruction observer is based on two proposed observer schemes named mainly in accordance of their functionality that is current impulsive observer and prediction impulsive observer. This insight to the problem leads to an innovative idea of continuous (non-impulsive) reconstruction observer with the fusion of two impulsive observer designed under well-defined weighting function. A comprehensive convergence analysis of the proposed observer is presented for stable, unstable and highly unstable continuous-time linear time varying systems. The application of reconstruction (non-impulsive) observer for sampled data regulation without ripple is explored for linear time varying system. Augmented stability analysis is proposed for closed loop system. The overall scheme is iv demonstrated with the help of linear time varying system. Subsequently, single input single output feedback linearizable nonlinear system regulation is investigated in the frame work of suggested theory of non-impulsive observers. The proposed novel observer design not only provides state estimates but also performs feedback linearization for a nonlinear system. This ultimately leads to a non-impulsive continuous-time sampled-data regulation without ripples for a nonlinear system. A stability analysis is carried out while considering the model uncertainties of a nonlinear system as a non-vanishing perturbation. An example of a third order nonlinear system illustrates the efficacy of proposed design methodology.
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel

Join our Whatsapp Channel to get regular updates.