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یہ وطن تمہارا ہے تم ہو پاسباں اس کے

یہ وطن تمھارا ہے تم ہو پاسبان اس کے
نحمدہ ونصلی علی رسولہ الکریم امّا بعد فاعوذ بااللہ من الشیطن الرجیم
بسم اللہ الرحمن الرحیم
معزز اسا تذہ کرام اور میرے ہم مکتب ساتھیو!
آج مجھے جس عنوان پرلب کشائی کی سعادت حاصل ہورہی ہے وہ ہے:’’یہ وطن تمہارا ہے تم ہو پاسبان اس کے ‘‘
صاحبِ صدر!
جو چیز اپنی ملکیت ہوتی ہے، جس چیز کے ہم مالک ہوتے ہیں۔ اس کی پاسبانی ، اس کی نگہبانی ، اس کی حفاظت بھی ہماری ذمہ داری ہوتی ہے، ہم مال واسباب اور سیم وزر کے مالک ہیں تو ان کی حفاظت بھی ہم نے ہی کرنی ہے۔
صدرِزی وقار!
یہ ہمارا وطن ہمیں جان سے بھی زیادہ عزیز ہے، ہمیں اس کے ریگستانوں سے محبت ہے، ہمیں اس کے بیابانوں سے انس ہے، ہمیں اس کے کوہستانوں سے پیار ہے ، ہمیں اس کے گلستانوں اور بوستانوں سے عقیدت ہے، ہمیں اس کے حیوانوں اور انسانوں سے محبت ہے۔
جنابِ صدر!
اس کی فضاؤں کی سرسراہٹ ، اس کی ہواؤں کی آہٹ ، اس کی آبشاروں کی گڑگڑاہٹ ، اس کے بادلوں کی گھن گرج، اس کی بادِ نسیم کی اٹھکیلیاں ، اس کی کہکشا ئوں کے چلتے ہوئے رنگ، اس کے قمر کے روشن نظارے، اس کے آفتاب کے حسین چمکارے، یہ سب مجھے حیات نو بخشتے ہیں، اس لیے کہ یہ سب میرے اپنے ہیں۔
موج بڑھے یا آندھی آئے دیا جلائے رکھنا ہے
گھر کی خاطر سب دکھ جھیلیں گھر تو آخر اپنا ہے
معزز سامعین!
اس کے دامن میں پھیلی ہوئی ندیوں کی نغمہ خوانی ، اس کے میدانوں کو گھیرے ہوئے گھنے جنگلات کی فراوانی، اس کی فضاؤں میں محو پرواز طائران خوش الحان ، اس کی ہواؤں میں ہوا بازوں کی قلابازیاں ، اس کے گلستان میں...

An Analysis of Sociocultural Barriers on Social Empowerment of Women in Sahiwal Division

The paper sets out to discuss impact of socio-cultural barriers on social empowerment of rural women in term of decision making related to their personal as well as social life in Sahiwal division. Pakistan is a patriarchal society characterized by patri-local residence and exclusion of women from the right of inheritance and succession, which pave ways for male-headed society. In addition, socio-cultural factors strongly favour male-dominance and an inferior status of females in all walks of life. A quantitative approach was adopted for carrying out current study. A survey instrument was designed and employed for data collection from 384 respondents from rural areas of Sahiwal division. The findings of the study revealed that less than one third (31.25%) of the respondents were consulted in decision-making about domestic matters. Likewise, more than half (51.8%) of the respondents were not independent in moving out of home for meeting any social need. Similarly, more than one third (41.4%) of the respondents were not free to visit their friends in the neighborhood. The study concludes that women in the rural areas are less empowered and still suffering socially, economically and psychologically in their day to day life. The study provides an insight for professional social workers, policy makers and stakeholders in public and private sectors for influencing policy-making and planning for revisiting and redesigning existing policies and plans intended for empowerment of rural women in Pakistan

Amelioration of Mycotoxicosis in Chicken by Dietary Inclusion of Bentonite, Distillery Sludge and Milk Thistle

The present study was designed to evaluate the protective/ameliorative ability of different adsorbing agents like bentonite clay (BC), distillery sludge (DS) and milk thistle (MT) against ochratoxin A (OTA) and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) induced toxicopathological, serum biochemical, immunological, antioxidant and tissue residual alterations in broilers. For this purpose, a series of experiments were conducted in which OTA was used at the rates of 0.15, 0.3 and 1.0 mg/kg feed while different adsorbing agents were used at the rates of 5, 10 and 20 g/kg (Experiment 1-3). However, AFB1 was used at the rates of 0.1, 0.2 and 0.6 mg/kg feed while different adsorbing agents were used at the rates of 5 and 10 g/kg feed (Experiment 4-6). The parameters studied were toxicopathological parameters (clinical signs and behavioral parameters, mortality, FCR, body weight gain, relative organ weights of liver, kidney, spleen, bursa of Fabricius and thymus, gross lesions and its scoring and histopathological studies of liver, kidney, bursa of Fabricius and thymus, serum biochemical parameters (ALT, Urea, Creatinine, total protein, albumin and globulin), immunological parameters (antibody response to sheep RBCs, lymphoproliferative response to PHA-P and phagocytic index determined by carbon clearance assay), total antioxidant capacity of birds in liver, kidney, muscles and plasma) and tissue residue analysis in liver. Results of these experiments showed that feeding BC with OTA did not cause any amelioration in OTA induced alterations yet some improvement of these parameters was observed when compared with individual OTA groups however, feeding 5 and 10 g/kg DS ameliorated OTA induced alterations at 0.15 and 0.3 mg/kg OTA levels while partial amelioration was observed by DS at 1 mg/kg OTA level. Feeding 5 g/kg MT showed amelioration at 0.15 mg/kg OTA only while 10 and 20 g/kg MT showed ameliorations at all levels of OTA used. Regarding aflatoxicosis feeding 5 and 10 g/kg BC ameliorated 0.1 and 0.2 mg/kg AFB1 induced deleterious effects while partial amelioration was observed when these BC levels were fed alone with 0.6 mg/kg AFB1. Feeding 5 and 10 g/kg DS caused amelioration at 0.1 and 0.2 mg/kg AFB1 while partial amelioration was observed when 0.6 mg/kg AFB1 was used however, feeding 5 g/kg MT caused amelioration at 0.1 and 0.2 mg/kg AFB1 while 10 g/kg MT showed amelioration at all levels of AFB1used.
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