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ڈاکٹرراجندر پرشاد

ڈاکٹر راجندر پرشاد
خدا کاشکر ہے جو سفر ۹؍ ستمبر ۶۲ء کوشروع ہواتھا وہ بخیر وخوبی ۲۳؍ مئی ۶۳ء کوپورا ہوگیا۔ اس مدت میں علم وادب اورملک وقوم کی بعض بڑی نامور اورمحبوب شخصیتیں ہم سے ہمیشہ کے لیے جدا ہوگئیں،ان میں سابق صدر جمہوریہ ڈاکٹر راجندر پرشاد،ڈاکٹر محی الدین زورؔ،خان بہادر مولوی محمدشفیع سابق پروفیسر عربی پنجاب یونیورسٹی لاہور، مولانا سعید انصاری اور جناب شفیق جونپوری خاص طور پر لائقِ ذکرہیں۔
گذشتہ چندماہ سے مکاتیب کناڈانے نظرات کے صفحات پرقبضہ کررکھا تھا اس لیے ان حضرات کی رسمِ تعزیت برہان میں حسب معمول ادانہ ہوسکی، جس کاافسوس ہے۔اوّل الذکر ملک کی تحریکِ آزادی کے بلند پایہ لیڈر، پہلے صدر جمہوریہ ہندہونے کے ساتھ ساتھ اخلاق واوصافِ ذاتی کے اعتبار سے بھی غیر معمولی شخصیت اورکردار کے انسان تھے۔ سادگی، مذہبیت، خلوص، رواداری اور مروت و وضعداری اُن کے خاص اوصافِ کمال تھے اوراِس حیثیت سے وہ صحیح معنی میں گاندھی جی کے نقشِ قدم پر چلنے والے تھے، علاوہ ازیں انگریزی زبان کے نامور مصنف اور اُردو ،فارسی کے فاضل بھی تھے۔ [جون ۱۹۶۳]

تعلیم کی اسلامی تشکیل نو ناگزىر ہے

Education system plays a vital role in personality development of an individual. That is why Allah ordained the Prophet (SAW) to develop personalities of his followers in light of the Holy Book. The education system prevailing in Pakistan today lacs Islamic perspective because it is continuation of the eduation system devised by the colonial power for its vested interests. It should have been reconstructed in light of Quran and Sunnah after creation of Pakistan but rulers and ulama both failed to do the needful. To do this job effectively all segments of education system, such as teachers, curriculum, educational administrators, students, and& nbsp; environment of the instituion need to be Islamized; rather a new role-model education institution has to be established. Those who decide to do this must be properly qualified for this hall mark task. This article discusses all these points in detail.

Phosphorus Dynamics and its Uptake by Wheat in Salt-Affected Soils

In some serious environmental constraints, soil salinity is a worldwide major issue for crop production and soil declination. Salinity in Pakistan has covered 6.68 million hectares area of cultivated land and further out of 6.68 million hectares 56% area is covered by saline sodic. The soil salinity causes hindrance in the availability of very essential macronutrients like phosphorus. The relation between phosphorus uptake and soil salinity is a complex phenomenon. With the aim to calculate phosphorus (P) fractions and to maximize P bioavailability in wheat crop, a series of pot and field experiments were conducted in normal and salt affected soils. In 1st incubation study rate of P was selected on the basis of plant available P at different time intervals from three different rates (200, 400 and 600 mg kg-1 of soil) of P fertilizer. Results revealed that among different fractions of P (bound and bioavailable), maximum Olsen-P was found 12.18 mg kg-1 in PROKA soil (saline sodic), 9.225 mg kg-1 in PARS soil (saline) and 9.125 mg kg-1 in UAF soil (normal), when P was applied at 400 mg kg-1 of soil. Selected rate of P fertilizer (400 mg kg-1) was used in 2nd incubation study with different organic amendments [farmyard manure (FYM), poultry manure (PM), crop residue (CR)] and sewage sludge (SS) for the determination of P fractions at different time intervals. Plant available Olsen-P fraction significantly increased after 90 days of incubation in all soils (normal, saline sodic, saline) with amendments FYM and PM but not as much with amendments CR and SS at P application level 400 mg kg-1 of soil. Overall, Olsen-P was increased maximum with PM (23.2, 21.7 and 19.4 mg kg-1) and FYM (20.6, 17.6 and 20.6 mg kg-1) as compare with SS (14.3, 15.5 and 15.7 mg kg-1) and CR (12.9, 14.4 and 14.0 mg kg-1) in normal, saline sodic and saline soils, respectively. To evaluate the effect of P rate (400 mg kg-1) selected from 1st study and organic amendments (FYM and PM) selected from 2nd study, A subsequent pot experiment was conducted in normal (UAF) and salt-affected (PROKA and PARS) soils. Results showed a significant effect on wheat growth, yield, physiological, chemical and biochemical parameters by combined application of P + PM in all soils. On the basis of these parameters, P + PM remained as best in normal and salt-affected soils with order of normal>saline>saline sodic. In pot experiment, maximum level of grain yield (24%), photosynthesis (37%), protein (20%), fat (40%), starch (41%) and maximum reduction in polyphenol (47%) were observed by combined application of P + PM, over control. Highest level of P in root xviii (53%), shoot (57%) and grain (121%) was found in wheat plant grown in normal soil while maximum level of Olsen-P (99%) was observed in saline sodic soil by P+PM treatment, over control. In field experiment, results showed that growth parameters such as plant height, root dry weight and 1000 grain weight were increased maximum with PM + P treatment in all soils. Photosynthetic parameters also affected significantly in all three types of soils by combined application of PM + P. Significant effect of combined application of P fertilizer and PM was recorded in case of P concentration in wheat root, shoot and grain in all soils. Biochemical parameters such as protein, fat, fiber, ash, starch and polyphenols were also affected significantly with treatment PM + P. Overall these experimental results showed that P fertilizer applied with PM, not only improved wheat growth, yield and physiology but also improved grain nutritional value and P uptake in both type of soils (normal and salt-affected). Reduction in adverse effect of soil salinity was also observed by integration of chemical fertilizers and organic amendments.
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel
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