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عبدالحمید سعید بے

عبدالحمید سعید

افسوس ہے کہ مصر کی ایک بہت بڑی ہستی سے دنیا خالی ہوگئی، عبدالحمید سعیدبے مصر کے ان جواں مردوں میں تھے جو مصر چھوڑ کر یورپ میں رہ پڑے تھے اور یہ عہد کرلیا تھا کہ جب تک مصر آزاد نہ ہولے گا وہ مصر کی زمین میں قدم نہیں رکھیں گے، مصر اور انگلستان کے گزشتہ معاہدہ کے بعد وہ مصر واپس آئے تھے، میری ان کی ملاقات ۱۹۲۰؁ء میں وفد خلافت کے دوسرے ارکان کے ساتھ اٹلی کے پایۂ تخت رومہ میں ہوئی تھی، وہ اپنے قدوقامت اور ڈیل ڈول کے لحاظ سے شوکت علی مرحوم سے ملتے جلتے تھے اور انہی کی طرح قومی و مذہبی جوش و خروش سے بھرے ہوئے تھے ایک بہت موٹا ڈنڈا جس کے موٹھ میں اہرام مصری کی شکل بنی ہوئی تھی، اپنے ہاتھ میں رکھتے تھے، انہوں نے اس وقت تک شادی نہیں کی تھی، کہتے تھے کہ غلاموں کی تعداد بڑھانے سے فائدہ کیا۔
وہ پہلے بالکل وطن پرور یا نیشنلسٹ تھے، مگر مصر آنے کے بعد ان کے حالات میں ایک نیا تغیر ہوا، انہوں نے عالمگیر اسلامی برادری (پین اسلامزم) کی تحریک مصر کے نوجوانوں میں شروع کی، انجمن شبان المسلمین کی بنیاد ڈالی، اس کی شاخیں مصر کے اطراف میں پھیلائیں اور اس کی کوشش کی کہ دنیائے اسلام کے دوسرے حصوں میں اس کی شاخیں قائم ہوں چنانچہ بمبئی میں اس کی ایک شاخ قائم ہے۔ چند سال ہوئے کہ انہوں نے اپنی محبت سے مصر کی شبان المسلمین کا ممبر خاکسار کو بھی بنایا جامع ازہر کی طرف سے جو وفد ہندوستان آیا تھا اس کے ایک رکن انجمن شبان المسلمین کے بھی نمائندہ تھے اور مقصد یہ تھا کہ مصر و ہندوستان کی اسلامی برادریوں میں تعلقات مضبوط کئے جائیں۔
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فقہی قاعدہ

The experts from various fields have maintained some rules and regulations in understanding and acquiring skills in this field of knowledge. This is due to their efforts which make very simple to understand it similarly the experts of ʽilm-ul-Fiqah i.e. Mujtahedyn and respected Fuqahāʼ have formulated some rules and regulations in the light of Qurʼan, Sunnah and decision act of companions of Muhammad (SAW) which also made it not only simple but it furnish skills and strategies in solving problems in field of Fiqah.

Sustaining Soil Productivity by Integrated Plant Nutrient Management Ipnm in Wheat Based Cropping System under Rainfed Conditions

Integrated plant nutrient management emphasizes the combined use of inorganic and organic/biological sources of plant nutrients to enhance efficiency of applied nutrients, reduce environmental hazards and improve crop productivity. A field experiment pertaining to wheat based cropping system in rainfed environment was conducted at the Research Farm of Soil Science & SWC of Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan. It was laid out according to randomized complete block design in Split-Plot arrangement with three replications. The experiment was initiated in winter 2004-05 on wheat followed by maize in summer 2005, and was repeated during the year 2005-06 in the same field with same layout of treatments. Main plot treatments of cropping systems (CS) included: wheat–fallow (CS 1 ) and wheat–maize (CS 2 ), while treatments of integrated plant nutrient management allocated to subplots were: control (without NPK fertilizer, FYM or biofertilizer); half dose of recommended N-P 2 O 5 -K 2 O (60-45-30 kg ha -1 ) ; full dose of N-P 2 O 5 -K 2 O (120-90-60 kg ha -1 ); FYM @ 20 t ha -1 , FYM on N requirement basis + make-up dose of P and K fertilizer; 1⁄2 NPK + 1⁄2 FYM (@ 10 t ha -1 ) ; 1⁄2 NPK + Biopower; 1⁄2 FYM + Biopower and 1⁄2 NPK + 1⁄2 FYM + Biopower. Soil analysis for physical and chemical characteristics and plant nutrients (N, P, K, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu) at sowing and harvest stage of each crop was performed. Observations on plant growth and yield parameters were recorded at crop maturity. Nutrient concentration in the grain and straw/stalk of the wheat and maize were determined to compute nutrient uptake after the harvest of each crop. Comparison of various treatment means of integrated nutrient management practices for wheat- fallow (CS 1 ) and wheat-maize (CS 2 ) cropping systems indicated that there was2 was significant increase in yield and various yield attributes of both wheat and maize in respective growing seasons. During Rabi seasons of 2004-05 and 2005- 06, application of 1⁄2 NPK + 1⁄2 FYM + Biopower (T 9 ) produced highest grain yield of 3684 kg ha -1 and 3781 kg ha -1 for wheat respectively. During Kharif seasons of 2005 and 2006, application of 1⁄2 NPK + 1⁄2 FYM + Biopower (T 9 ) produced highest grain yield of 3128 kg ha -1 and 3119 kg ha -1 for maize respectively. The analysis of leaf and grain samples showed significant increase in N, P and K concentration due to integrated nutrient management practices for both wheat and maize during both growing seasons over control. The results revealed that as N, P and K concentration in soil was higher; these were taken up and assimilated in proportion to their concentration. Maximum N uptake of 357 kg ha -1 , P uptake of 51 kg ha -1 and K uptake of 215 kg ha -1 was recorded due to application of 1⁄2 NPK + 1⁄2 FYM + Biopower (T 9 ) for wheat during both growing seasons. Micronutrients concentration recorded significant increase in soil, plant and grain of both wheat and maize. Economic analysis of wheat-maize and wheat-fallow cropping systems revealed that wheat-maize cropping system was more profitable with integrated use of mineral and organic and/or biofertilizer under rainfed conditions. The VCR estimated for IPNM in T 9 showed that integrated use of organic and inorganic fertilizer sources had better net profit for wheat yield for the farmer under rainfed condition. Thus, IPNM may prove more viable and sustainable for wheat based cropping system in rainfed Pothowar environment of Punjab province, Pakistan.
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