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توانائی کے مسائل

توانائی کے مسائل
نحمدہ ونصلی علی رسولہ الکریم امّا بعد فاعوذ بااللہ من الشیطن الرجیم
بسم اللہ الرحمن الرحیم
معزز اسا تذہ کرام اور میرے ہم مکتب شاہینو!
آج مجھے جس موضوع پر لب کشائی کرنی ہے وہ ہے:’’توانائی کے مسائل ‘‘
چمن میں قحط گُل ہے اور وطن میں لوڈ شیڈنگ ہے
نہ یہ بلبل کا موسم ہے نہ پروانے کا موسم ہے
صدرِذی وقار!
توانائی سے مراد طاقت ہے، اور پوری عالمی تاریخ اس بات کی گواہ ہے کہ کوئی قوم اس وقت تک ترقی کی منازل طے نہیں کرسکتی جب تک وہ اپنے جسم و جاں میں قوت پیدا نہ کرے، کیونکہ حرکت میں برکت ہے اور حرکت کے لیے توانائی کی ضرورت ہے اور کوئی ادنیٰ سے ادنیٰ کام بھی اس وقت تک پایۂ تکمیل کونہیںپہنچ سکتا جب تک اس کے لئے مناسب طاقت اور قوت فراہم نہ کی جائے۔
جنابِ صدر!
توانائی کا مسئلہ ایک بڑا اہم مسئلہ ہے۔ ہمارا ملک دیگر ممالک کی نسبت پسماندہ اور ترقی پذیر کیوں ہے، وہ صرف اور صرف توانائی کے گھمبیر مسئلہ کی بدولت ہی ایسا ہے۔ مختلف برآمدات سے حاصل ہونے والی آمدنی اس کو ترقی یافتہ ممالک کی صف میں کھڑا کرنے کے لیے ناکافی ہے۔
معزز سامعین!
کھیتوں کو کشتِ زعفران بنانے کے لیے ،فضا میں پرواز کرنے کے لئے، اپنے گلی کوچوں کوقمقموں سے روشن کرنے کے لئے ، اجناس کی کامیاب برآمد کے لیے ،فصلوں کو زیادہ اگانے کے لیے، اپنی برآمدات میں اضافہ کیلئے، انسان کا معیارِ زندگی بہتر بنانے کے لیے توانائی کی اشد ضرورت ہے۔
صدرِذی وقار!
اگر ہم کوشش کریں تو توانائی کے مسائل پر قابو پا سکتے ہیں، ہم پن بجلی کا استعمال شروع کر دیں تو ہمارے کئی مسائل حل ہو جائیں گے۔ اور ہمیں سستے داموں بجلی مہیا ہوجائے...

An Analysis of Indo-Pakistan Nuclear Doctrines

This study explores the dynamics of nuclear politics in Indo-Pakistan relations. The events after the nuclearization of South Asia aroused an extensive discussion about the basic reasons of countries becoming nuclear. Deterrence idealists have put forward the Nuclear Peace Theory advocating that nuclear arms make war terribly expensive and evade conflict among atomic opponents and thus generate constancy among them. Deterrence cynics have debated that the new nuclear-powered countries would not be able to accomplish the rudimentary requisites for deterrence stability as they would be disposed to defensive and preventive war tactics, construct susceptible atomic weaponries that would disposed to illicit usage. While discussing both stability and instability of nuclear weapons, the intellectuals disregard the importance of nuclear doctrines of the nuclear states which can cause deterrence disappointment or guaranteeing its strength. The author has used primary and secondary data. The primary sources are news bulletins and websites and secondary sources are books, journals etc.

Poverty, Environmrnt and Economic Growth in South Asia: An Economic Analysis

Poverty alleviation, improved environmental managements, and achievement of accelerated economic growth are critical goals of all the South Asian nations and other developing economies of the World. Therefore, for reducing poverty and environmental degradation for the achievement of accelerated economic growth, it is imperative to explore the relationship among these complex issues. This study is an attempt to explore the relationship between poverty, environment, and economic growth in South Asian lower middle income countries (i.e. Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka, and Bangladesh) with the help of annual time series data covering the time span 1976 to 2014. The study has applied the Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) Unit-Root Test, Asymptotic t-test, Approximate F-Test, Wald Test, Lagrange Multiplier Test and System Residual Normality Tests to fulfill the preconditions of the time series analysis and to specify Simultaneous Equation System. To overcome the flaws related with the methodologies adopted by the earlier studies, this study applies the Three-Stage Least Square (3SLS) system estimation methodology to explore the relationship between poverty, environment and economic growth in the South Asian economies. To capture the association between poverty, environment, and economic growth in South Asia, panal data analysis is conducted. Findings of panel data analysis indicate that impact of environmental degradation on economic growth is negative and impact of economic growth on environmental degradation is positive, poverty and economic growth are inversely related with each other, poverty and environmental degradation positively affect each other. In control variables, capital formation has positive impacts on economic growth, energy consumption and urbanization are positively affecting environmental degradation, and population growth and inflation positively affect the poverty. To investigate the relationship between poverty, environment and economic growth in Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka, and Bangladesh, the study has also conducted the time series analysis. Results of time series analysis demonstrate that impacts of environmental degradation on economic growth are negative, relationships between poverty and economic growth are found negative, relationship between poverty and environment is positive across the South Asian countries. The impact of economic growth on environmental degradation is positive in Pakistan, India and Bangladesh with the exception of Sri Lanka where economic growth has negative impact on environmental degradation which indicates that Sri Lanka has crossed the stage of Environmental Kuznet Curve beyond which growth relieves the environmental degradation, whereas, Pakistan, India, and Bangladesh are lagging behind that stage. The study concludes that South Asian countries do not follow the identical trends and patterns of poverty, environment and economic growth. So, it is not possible to suggest identical policy implications for all the countries. Majority of the results of system equations are found to be theoretically supportive across South Asian countries. Nevertheless, the findings of the study imply that the relationships among poverty, environment and economic growth are critical challenges for policy makers, researchers and the leaders as well, so that bad impacts of poverty and environmental degradation could be controlled in order to accelerate economic growth. Therefore, by recognizing the links between poverty, environment and economic growth, it is suggested that South Asian leaders, researchers and policy makers should devise an integrated economic development strategies that provide a prominent role to poverty alleviation and reducing environmental degradation. The achievement of accelerated economic growth may become the ultimate source to provide a window of opportunities for eradicating poverty and reducing environmental dreadful conditions and lead to a virtuous circle.
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel

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