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پروفیسر سید احتشام حسین

پروفیسر سید احتشام حسین
افسوس ہے پچھلے دنوں پروفیسر سید احتشام حسین کااکسٹھ برس (۶۱) کی عمر میں اچانک حرکت قلب کے بند ہوجانے کے باعث الہٰ آباد میں انتقال ہوگیا۔ موصوف اردوزبان کے نامور استاذ، بلند پایہ ادیب، مصنف اورنقاد تھے۔اگرچہ انھوں نے لسانیات، تاریخ اورسماجیات پربھی لکھاہے لیکن ان کی قلمی تگ ودو کا اصل میدان تنقید تھا۔اگرچہ وہ ترقی پسند نظریۂ ادب کے حامی اور اس کے علم بردار تھے لیکن طبیعت میں سنجیدگی تھی اورفکرمیں اعتدال وتوازن،اس حیثیت سے انہوں نے اردو ادب میں نئی تحریکوں کی رہنمائی کی اوران کو غلط راستہ پرپڑجانے سے بچانے کی بھرپور کوشش کی۔ان کی تحریر شگفتہ اوررواں ہوتی تھی اوراس میں زبان کے چٹخارہ کے بجائے علمی وقار ہوتا تھا۔اردوزبان ادب میں محقق اورتنقید نگار نوجوانوں کی موجودہ نسل کے پیدا کرنے میں ان کابڑاحصہ ہے۔اخلاق و عادات کے اعتبار سے بڑے شریف،ہمدرد ومتواضع اورسادہ طبیعت انسان تھے۔ اﷲ تعالیٰ ان کو مغفرت وبخشش کی نعمت سے سرفراز فرمائے۔ [دسمبر ۱۹۷۲ء]

 

Entrepreneurial Orientation and the Performance of the Agro-allied Enterprises in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

It is widely recognized that Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are the major drivers of sustainable economic growth, sources of income generation and panacea for poverty reduction in developing countries. Unfortunately, they are faced with numerous challenges that threaten their existence and survival. This precarity of small entrepreneurial organizations in entrepreneurial ecosystem has prompted widespread attention by scholars and researchers. Hence, it is critical to take into consideration examining the performance of the enterprises. This study analyzed the effect of entrepreneurial orientation dimensions, personal and institutional characteristics on the performance of small and medium agro allied enterprises. Through the multistage sampling procedure, a total of 198 SMEs were selected for the study and data were collected with the aid of questionnaire. Data were analyzed using multiple regression analysis. Results revealed that among the entrepreneurial orientation dimensions, only risking taking and innovativeness significantly and positively affected the performance of SMEs agro allied enterprises. Furthermore, findings showed that except for size of business which was negatively related to the growth of SMEs, educational level of entrepreneurs, managerial and business experience positively and significantly impacted on the performance of SMEs. Policies to encourage SMEs invest in risky investments and create new product and services should be pursued.

Modulation in Antimcrobial Resistance by Using Apple Cider Vinegar and Black Seed Alone and in Combinations in Diabetic Foot Infections

The increased emergence of antibiotic resistance is an alarming situation. The present study was designed to check the anti-MRSA and Pseudomonas aeruginosa activity of apple cider vinegar and black seed oil when used alone and in combination with antibiotics ( amoxicillin, imipenem, cefotaxime, and vancomycin) against antibiotic resistant-MRSA and pseudomonas aeruginosa. The samples that were found resistant to each antibiotic were then selected and antibacterial activity of apple cider vinegar and black seed oil alone and in combination with resistant antibiotics were tested, by using well diffusion and broth microdilution method. The MIC of apple cider vinegar found by good diffusion was 2.5% acidity and for black seed, oil MIC was 512ug for pseudomonas aeruginosa and staphylococcus aureus. Broth dilution was performed by checkerboard method and FIC was calculated to check the synergism between test products and antibiotics which results in the reduction MIC of antibiotic making the results positive for our testing products in which all the samples showed partial to complete synergism. For Pseudomonas aeruginosa samples, MIC of cefotaxime, amoxicillin, vancomycin, and imipenem lowered in the ranges of 128ug to 64ug, 512ug to 128ug, 512ug to 128ug, and 128ug to 32ug respectively in combination with apple cider vinegar and with black seed oil 256 to 128ug, 512ug to 128ug, 512ug to 256ug and 128 to 32ug respectively. For Staphylococcus aureus MIC of cefotaxime, amoxicillin, vancomycin, and imipenem lowered in the ranges of 512 to 128ug, 512ug to 64ug, 256ug to 32ug, and 512ug to 128ug respectively in combination with apple cider vinegar and with black seed oil 512 to 128ug, 512ug to 128ug, 256ug to 64ug and 512 to 64ug respectively, hence modulated the bacterial resistance.
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel

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