Search from the Journals, Articles, and Headings
Advanced Search (Beta)
Loading...
Loading...
Loading...
Loading...
Loading...
Loading...

بزدل قوم کا بہادر لیڈر

بزدل قوم کا بہادر لیڈر

4اپریل 1979ء کو بھٹو صاحب کو گڑھی خدا بخش دفن کر دیا گیا ۔6اپریل کو فوج کا پہرہ ختم ہوا تو پاکستان پیپلز پارٹی کے قائدین فاتحہ خوانی کے لیے گئے ۔ان میں بھٹو کے وکیل یحیٰ بختیار بھی تھے جب گائوں پہنچے تو لوگوں نے انہیں گھیر لیا اور پوچھنے لگے آپ تو ہمارے لیڈر کے سب سے قریب تھے ۔آخری وقت انہوں نے کوئی پیغام دیا یا کچھ کہا ۔یہ سن کر یحییٰ بختیار کی آنکھوں میں آنسو آگئے اور بولے بھٹو صاحب نے آخری ملاقات میں مجھ سے کہا ’’بزدل قوموں کے بہادر لیڈروں کا یہی انجام ہو تا ہے ‘‘

 

ELATIVE RISK OF DIABETES MELLITUS AMONG OBESE POPULATION

Objective: Diabetes is more prevalent mainly in Asian population, but the incidence proportion and likelihood are still unknown due to lack of evidence and proper research, therefore in this research paper the main aim is to assess the relative risk of diabetes mellitus in obese people in Pakistan. Methodology: A case control study was conducted on 233 participants including diabetic and non-diabetic. The participants were approached from different clinics and hospitals from Nov 2021 to April 2022 using convenient sampling technique. Participants’ age, body mass index and weight category were measured. The odds and relative risk ratio were calculated for diabetic patients in obese people. Results: It was found that among the obese population, the odds of having diabetes were 3.85 times greater than that of non-obese adults whereas relative risk was also found to 2.17 times higher than that of non-obese population with the p-value <0.05. Conclusions: The prevalence of obesity is higher in diabetic population as compared to non-diabetic individuals. This increases the chances of developing diabetes in obese population as compared to the individuals with normal weight.

English for Medical Purposes: A Case of English for Specific Purposes

Thesis Title: English for Medical Purposes: A Case of English for Specific Purposes The present study aimed at investigating the academic and professional English language communicative needs of medical learners in Pakistan. The study explored the frequency of usage of English, its importance in various activities related to medical field, the existing level of English proficiency of medical learners also identified opinions about learning English at medical colleges in Pakistan. In order to investigate academic and professional English language needs of medical learners, empirical research was conducted by means of survey questionnaires. I employed techniques of purposive sampling and stratified random sampling. Four questionnaires were constructed for four groups of medical discourse community; students of medicine, teachers of medicine, medical trainees, and medical administrators. Data were analyzed both quantitatively and qualitatively. Closed-ended items were analyzed quantitatively by using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) and open-ended items were analyzed qualitatively by reviewing responses, grouping related responses and identifying common themes. The findings revealed that English was extensively used both in medical studies and profession. English was considered highly important to carry out various activities in medical field. The findings presented that medical learners’ existing level of English proficiency is not adequate to meet their linguistic needs and thus English is highly required. The findings revealed that the amount of English taught before joining medical college is not adequate to meet academic and professional medical needs of the medical learners therefore a course of English is required to address the problem. Based on the findings, needs oriented course of English has been recommended for its implementation in medical colleges of Pakistan. The findings provided directions for designing course contents that need to be integrated with enriched knowledge of all four skills of English language with a close emphasis on productive skills (speaking and writing) as compared to receptive skills (reading and listening). The study indicated the needs of specific methodology and trainings of English language teachers for teaching English in medical colleges. The overall findings of the study revealed dire need of course of English that should be urgently implemented in the medical colleges of Pakistan.
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel

Join our Whatsapp Channel to get regular updates.