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مولوی محمد فیروز الدین ڈسکوی

مولوی محمد فیروز الدین ڈسکوی (۱۹۰۷۔۱۸۲۴) کا عرصہ حیات انیسویں صدی کے نصف آخر اور بیسویں صدی کے پہلے عشرے پر مشتمل ہے۔ وہ بیک وقت مفسر قرآن مجید‘ قواعد نویس‘ لغات نویس‘ سیرت و سوانح نگار‘ معلم‘ مذہبی عالم اور اردو پنجابی کے قادر الکلام شاعر تھے۔ آپ سیالکوٹ کی تحصیل ڈسکہ کے محلہ ٹھٹھیاراں میں پیدا ہوئے۔(۳۲) مولوی فیروز الدین انجمن حمایتِ اسلام کے سرگرم کارکن تھے۔ اکثر انجمن کے جلسوں میں شریک ہوتے۔ ماہانہ چندہ دیتے۔ انجمن کے تیسرے سالانہ جلسے‘ منعقدہ 25تا 27 فروری 1888ء میں سیالکوٹ سے جو لوگ شریک ہوئے ان میں مولوی صاحب موصوف ‘ شیخ محمد اقبال (علامہ اقبال جوان دنوں سکاچ مشن کے طالب علم تھے) کے علاوہ دیگر اصحاب بھی شامل تھے۔(۳۳)

 مولوی صاحب انجمن کے جلسوں میں نظمیں بھی پڑھا کرتے تھے۔ مئی 1894ء میں انہوں نے نظم ’’مسدس اصلاح قوم کی تحریک‘‘ جلسے میں سنائی۔ نظم کے چھتیس بند تھے۔ نظم جون 1894ء کے شمارے میں شائع بھی ہوئی۔(۳۴)

انجمن کے تیسرے سالانہ جلسے منعقدہ 24تا 27فروری 1888ء میں بھی انہوں نے ایک نظم سنائی جس کا پہلا بند یہ تھا:۔

کیوں نہ ہو آج گلستاں شاداب                     ہوں نہ گلہائے بوستاں شاداب   

کیوں نہ ہو گلشن جہاں شاداب                     ہو نہ فرحت سے باغباں شاداب 

جلسہ ہے انجمن کا سالانہ                              دور ہے اس چمن کا سالانہ             (۳۵)

 مولوی فیروز الدین ڈسکوی رفاہی کاموں میں بھی حصہ لیتے تھے۔ سیالکوٹ میں آپ نے انجمن اسلامیہ کی بنیاد ڈالی جس کی زیرِ نگرانی بعد میں تعلیمی ادارے بھی قائم ہوئے۔(۳۶) انجمن اسلامیہ سیالکوٹ کا قیام 1890ء کے اوائل میں ہوا۔1894ء میں انجمن اسلامیہ سیالکوٹ نے سرسید اور مولوی نذیر احمد کی آمد کے انتظامات کئے لیکن وہ سیالکوٹ نہ آ سکے(۳۷)

مولوی فیروز الدین ڈسکوی قادر الکلام شاعر...

غریب الحدیث کی مشہور کتابوں کے مناہج تألیف کا تحقیقی جائزہ

Methodical codification of “Gharib ul Hadith” books started during second century. Abu Ubaida Mua‘mmar bin Muthanna, an Iraqi scholar, pioneered the field. Afterwards numerous scholars have written books on “Gharib ul Hadith” but they followed different methodologies for their compositions. Some of them have written Hadith's disorderly, and then explained all Gharib words appearing in the Hadith. This method appears in most part of their writings. Some of the scholars have observed jurisprudential method for their creations. Others followed methodology of explaining Gharibwords by organizing Hadith's; first from Prophet Muhammad, then from sahabas (companions of Prophet Muhammad s.a.w), and finally from Taba’een (immediate followers). However, some sorted Hadith in alphabetical order. This research article presented a detailed analytical review of different methodologies adopted in famous “Gharib ul Hadith” Books.

Synthesis of Medicinal Scaffolds Derived from Ethyl 2- 2-Amino, 1, 3-Thiazol-4-Yl Acetate

New drug candidates have remained under consideration by the pharmaceutical industries to cure new arising diseases. To fulfill the requirement of new drug candidates, synthetic chemistry has added much in this regard. A large number of bioactive compounds have been synthesized by different fields of Chemistry which emphasize the significance of synthetic chemistry in the field of pharmacy. The presented work is also about the synthesis of some new bioactive molecules by coupling different bioactive functionalities. The valuable biological activities of derivatives of thaizole, 1,2,4-triazole and 1,3,4-oxadiazole prompted us to synthesize some new compounds comprising amalgamation of these functionalities; and to demonstrate their enzyme inhibitory potentials supported by kinetic studies and computational docking simulations and also find out their % hemolytic activities. The presented work has been extended into different seven (7) schemes. In the first scheme the starting compound, ethyl 2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)acetate (1) synthesis was geared up by refluxing compound 1 with methanol and hydrazine hydrate to get its acetohydrazide (2). The 2 was further refluxed with phenyl isothiocyante in methanol to obtain the solid intermediate hydrazinecarbothioamide (4) which was further cyclized to get 5-[(2amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)methyl]-4-phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol (5). The nucleophile 5 was dissolved in DMF and one pinch (0.02 g) of LiH was added the mixture was stirred for 15 - 20 min to activate its mercapto position. Finally, the nucleophilic substitution reaction was carried out with equimolar amounts of different aralkyl halides (6a-i, one in each reaction) to achieve the targeted derivatives, 4-({5-[(aralkyl)sulfanyl]-4-phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl}methyl)-1,3thiazol-2-amines, 7a-i (Scheme-1) Eleven compounds were synthesized as 2-({5-[(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)methyl]-4phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl}sulfanyl)-N-(substituted-phenyl/benzyl/phenethyl)acetamides (11ak, Scheme-2) by the cyclized compound (5). The electrophiles (10a-k) were synthesized by reacting 2-bromoacetyl bromide (9) with un/substituted amine (8a-k) in complementary set of reaction. Finally nucleophile 5 was dissolved in DMF and activated by adding a pinch of LiH and then reacted with equimolar quantity of electrophiles, 10a-k (one in each reaction) to yield 11a-k molecules. The precipitates of 2 were refluxed with ethyl isothiocyante (12) in methanol to obtain an intermediary compound, 2-[2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)acetyl]-N-ethyl-1hydrazinecarbothioamide (13) which was cyclized to obtain a solid nucleophile, 5-[(2-amino-1,3thiazol-4-yl)methyl]-4-ethyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol (14). This bi-heterocyclic nucleophile (14) was then treated with equimolar amounts of various aralkyl halides (6c, 6e, 6f-i), acting as electrophiles, to acquire the targeted hybrid molecules 4-({4-ethyl-5-[(aralkyl)sulfanyl]-4H1,2,4-triazol-3-yl}methyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amines (15a-f, Scheme-3). Twelve ethylated bi-heterocyclic acetamides, 2-({5-[(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)methyl]4-ethyl-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl}sulfanyl)-N-(un/substituted-phenyl)acetamides, 16a-l were designed by coupling compound 14 with different electrophiles, 10a, 10d, 10e, 10g-I, 10l-q, in DMF using LiH as an activator and outlined in Scheme-4. In Scheme 5, the cyclization of hydrazide 2 was carried out byrefluxing it with carbon disulfide and KOH using ethanol as solvent to get the solid bi-heterocyclic core, 5-[(2-amino1,3-thiazol-4-yl)methyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thiol 17. The nucleophile 17 was further reacted with the equimolar amounts of newly synthesized electrophiles, N-(aryl)-3(chloromethyl)bezamides 19a-m (one in each reaction) to achieve the targeted hybrid molecules, 3-[({5-[(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)methyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl}sulfanyl)methyl]-N(aryl)benzamides, 20a-m The designed multi-functional benzamides 4-[({5-[(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)methyl]1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl}sulfanyl)methyl]-N-(aryl)benzamides, (23a-k) were produced by several steps through a convergent approach as designated in Scheme-6. The cyclized compound (17) was reacted with the equimolar amounts of newly synthesized electrophiles N-(aryl)-4(chloromethyl)bezamides (22a-k, one in each reaction) to achieve the targeted hybrid compounds, 23a-k. 2-Aminothiazole and oxadiazole bi-heterocyclic core along with a butanamide moiety were produced in several steps as designated in Scheme-7. The cyclized product (17) were reacted with different electrophiles, N-(aryl)-4-chlorobutanamides (25a-d) with equimolar amounts to synthesied derivatives, 4-({5-[(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)methyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2yl}sulfanyl)-N-(aryl)butanamides, 26a-d. The structural characterization has been well supported by spectral data of IR (Infra Red), 1H-NMR (Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance), 13C-NMR (Carbon-13 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance), HMBC (Heteronuclear Multiple Bond Correlation), HMQC (Heteronuclear Multiple Quantum Coherence) and EIMS (Electron Impact Mass Spectrometry).Some of the1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, EIMS and IR spectra of synthesized compounds are also presented for the obvious perceptive of signals. The physical data of all the compounds is also provided which included color, state, yield, melting points (in case of solids), molecular formula and molecular mass.The enzyme inhibitory activity of these synthesized compounds against tyrosinase or elastase was determined along with their kinetic studies to find out the mode of action of inhibitors and inhibition constant. The enzyme inhibition data are also explicated in detail through molecular docking studies and finally found out their % hemolytic activity. The reference standards used were kojic acid for tyrosinase, oleanolic acid for elastase and triton X100 for % hemolytic evaluation.All the compounds were found active and showed excellent or good results. The biological activity data in comparison of each scheme with the reference standard drugs are presented in results and discussion section.
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