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نامہ بروں سے ربط نہ بادِ صبا سے ہے


نامہ بروں سے ربط نہ بادِصبا سے ہے
بس آہ بھر کا فاصلہ غم آشناؐ سے ہے

پوچھا کہ کس کے دم سے ہے خوشبو چمن چمن
بولی صبا حضورؐ کی زلفِ دوتا سے ہے

ہر شب کا حسن آپؐ کی والیل زُلف سے
ہر دن کی آب و تاب رُخِ والضحیٰ سے ہے

بدرالدجیٰؐ کے نور سے مہتاب کی چمک
تاروں کی روشنی بھی اُسی کی ضیا سے ہے

اُس ذاتؐ کے طفیل ہے دارین کا نظام
دل کی بھی کائنات اُسی دلرُباؐ سے ہے

کس کے لیے سجائی گئی بزمِ کائنات
دلداریِ خدا یہ حبیبِ خداؐ سے ہے

فرشِ زمیں سے عرشِ بریں کی حدود تک
’’سارے جہاں کا حُسن دمِ مصطفی سے ہے‘‘

قرآں کی آیتوں میں کیا ان کا تذکرہ
خالق کو پیار آپؐ کی اِک اِک ادا سے ہے

روزِ ازل سے اِسمِ محمدﷺ خدا کے ساتھ
یہ اِنتہا کو پہنچا ہوا ابتدا سے ہے

عرفانؔ جو نبیؐ کا ہوا وہ خدا کا ہے
الفت رسولِ پاکؐ کی الفت خدا سے ہے

خلع فسخ نکاح ہے یا طلاق فقہائے کرام کی آراء کا تجزیاتی مطالعہ Whether Khula is Dissolution of Marriage or Divorce Critical Analysis of the Views of Islamic Jurists

Islam is an entire way of life. It illuminates every facet of daily existence. There is no problem for which Islam has not provided a remedy. Every aspect of beliefs and ethics, including human affairs, has also been examined. Islam is the only religion on earth that can be compared the height of Western culture and civilization. People have become its slavish disciples in the most literal sense. To stay up with the rest of the world, they are creating new interpretations of Islam for this reason. Accepted wisdom is a benefit, but only within the bounds of Sharia. Otherwise, it is Shaytan's legacy. ۔(شیطان) One of the most significant and crucial stages in a person's life is the nikah. It is expressly covered in the Qur'an and Hadith. It is created necessary for sustaining human existence. It is referred to as the culmination of human life and one of the Prophet's (ﷺ) required Sunnas. However, one of the most despised actions is the dissolution of a marriage. Islam, however, differs from other faiths. It contains the entire procedure/laws for dissolving a marriage. The appropriate discussion of Talaq and Khula is illustrated by the jurists' use of Estihsan and Qayas. Recent years have seen various crises and a collapse in Pakistani society. Smear and family system disturbance are the main issues among them. "Nikkah" is the fundamental element of a family system; in reality, a family system is based on Nikkah. If this Nikkah is intact, the entire family system is stable; nevertheless, if this Nikkah is broken, not only is the family system traumatised, but the entire society begins to suffer. The summary of this thesis explains that the Islamic Ideological Council's recommendations have been reviewed in light of the non-Sharia practises of the judicial authorities in relation to Khula and judicial powers related to Khula, as well as an analytical study of the remarks and opinions of commentators and jurists, including future jurists, regarding Khula. Key Words: Khul‘a, Judicial Khul‘a, Tansīkh e Nikaḥ, Divorce, ‘Īddat.

Liquid Phase Exfoliation of Graphite to Graphene & its Applications in Polymeric Nanocomposites

Nanocomposites are superior to conventional one in terms of its mechanical performance. Pristine /functionalized graphene sheets (FGS) were incorporated into a range of model polymers. Solvent aided blending was adopted for better dispersion of FGS and graphene sheets in these polymers. Graphene was added to selected polymers like polyurethane (PU), poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC), poly (acrylonitrile) (PAN), poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and poly (vinyl acetate) (PVAc) in order to improve the mechanical performance of these materials. Different forms of graphene nanosheets like pristine/FGS with different lateral dimensions were selected in order to study its effects on the mechanical performance of selected polymers in terms of young’s modulus, tensile strength and elongation at break. Graphene nanosheets were functionalized with octadecylamine and were incorporated in polyurethane and it was observed that 2.5 vol% is the mechanical percolation level for this polymer as above this loading there was improvement in the mechanical performance of polyurethane while at this loading the elongation at break was suffered slightly. Similarly in case of poly(vinyl chloride) a critical loading(1.5wt%) was observed at which there was improvement in mechanical properties of these polymers and almost no elongation at break was observed for this loading and the modulus determined in this case was superior to calculated from Halpin-Tsai equation. Two type of graphene nanosheets with different flake size (one and 3.5 micron) were incorporated in poly (acrylonitrile). Its comparative study was conducted it was observed the big flake improved the performance of polymers in terms of modulus and UTs while the response of small flake in terms of elongation at break was better than big flakes. Large area graphene oxide were synthesized and were introduced to poly(vinyl alcohol) and the role of these nano fillers were very pronounced in terms of modulus, UTS and elongation at break was not disturbed but slightly improved. Graphene flakes were studied through transmission electron microscopy(TEM) and Raman spectroscopy while dispersion of these flakes were in selected polymers was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and the mechanical performance of these nanocomposites were conducted on Zwick-Roell tensile tester. Graphene-based v polymer nanocomposites can be a new versatile soft material with numerous advantages. Graphite was exfoliated to graphene using NMP and water as solvent as well. 63mg/ml concentration was obtained during tip sonication in NMP while in case of water as media the maximum concentration obtained was 7mg/ml using sodium cholate as surfactant. The concentration of graphene nanosheets were studied through UV-visible spectroscopy while quality of flakes was studied through TEM and Raman spectroscopy.
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