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وہ کم کم یاد رکھتا ہے زیادہ بھول جاتا ہے
وہ کم کم یاد رکھتا ہے زیادہ بھول جاتا ہے
ہمیشہ کر کے وعدہ اپنا وعدہ بھول جاتا ہے
ارادہ کر تو لیتا ہے وہ میرا ساتھ دینے کا
مگر اکثر یہ ہوتا ہے ارادہ بھول جاتا ہے
بھلا دیتے ہیں ایسے شخص کو سب خانداں والے
جو اپنی اصل ، اپنا خانوادہ بھول جاتا ہے
کشادہ گھر بنا لیتا ہے جو زردار ہوتا ہے
مگر رکھنا وہ اپنا دل کشادہ بھول جاتا ہے
اگر چالاک ہوتا یاد رکھتا تہمتیں سب کی
یقیں مانو کہ تائبؔ ہے جو سادہ بھول جاتا ہے
Impact of Women Empowerment on Fertility Preferences in Pakistan
Reproduction is an important aspect of a women's life, unfortunately in Pakistan fertility rates are quite high in comparison to other developing countries as well as in comparison to the other South Asian countries. Different studies have suggested that women empowerment can help reduce fertility rates. The present study has attempted to analyze the role of women empowerment along with other socioeconomic indicators on three different dimensions of the fertility behavior i.e. Number of children born (current fertility status), ideal number of children and birth intervals (future fertility status. Data of Demographic and Health Survey (PDHS) 2012-13 has been used. The analysis consists of two levels, at level one a descriptive analysis is carried out. As three different aspects of fertility are the count data. Therefore at the next stage models will be estimated by using poison regression technique and Incidence Rate Ratios (IRR) are reported. It has been found that women’s being empowered in financial matters, seeking health care and in household decision making are helpful in reducing fertility. Furthermore, participation in job by women, living in urban areas, having secondary or higher education, access to awareness created by the media, married at higher age are also significant factors in reducing fertility. However, women facing incidence of miscarriage or death of a child tends to increase the fertility. Study had found that wealth of the household, education of husband and having sons have very limited role on the fertility behavior.Organizational Health and Performance of Heis of Pakistan: An Academia Perspective
Higher education system plays significant role in the development and progress of different economies. Pakistani higher education system is showing lacking performance due to multiple challenges.According to GCI report 2014-15, Pakistan ranked 129 in higher education showing poor performance. Higher performance of HEIs is required as mentioned in the meeting of 3rd Islamic countries vice-chancellors conference held in Islamabad in 2015. There is an urgent need to find how HEIs performance can be improved. The study is performed to find relationship between organizational health (OH) and perceived performance of HEIs of Pakistan. Another objective of the study is to analyze impact of different organizational health dimensions on HEIs performance. Data is collected from top twenty universities as per HEC ranking 2014. Main goal of the study is achieved by finding a significant positive relation between organizational health and organizational performance of HEIs. The study also identified institutional reputation and resource utilization as strongest and weakest dimensions of OH respectively.Journals by Discipline
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