کچھ کتاب اور صاحب کتاب کے بارے میں
نذیر متین سے میرا تعلق نصف صدی سے زائد عرصے پر محیط ہے ۔بچپن کے معصوم ایام سے لے کر بڑھاپے کی دہلیز تک بہت سا سفر اکٹھے گزارنے کی وجہ سے ایک دوسرے کی مزاج شناسی بھی درجہ کمال کو پہنچی ہو ئی ہے زمانہ طالب علمی سے آ ج تک زندگی کی بہت سی راہوں پر اکٹھے سفر کیا اس لیے دیگر دوستوں کی رائے ہے کہ نذیر متین کو جتنا میں جا نتا ہوں دوسرا اور کوئی نہیں کسی حد تک یہ بات درست بھی ہے میں ان کے مزاج ،خیالات اور سیاسی و سماجی نظریات کو نہ صرف جا نتا ہوں بلکہ خود بھی حامی و معترف ہوں ۔
ان کے اندر قدر نے کچھ ایسی خوبیاں رکھی ہیں جو آج بہت کم لوگوں میں پائی جاتی ہیں ۔کلمہ حق کہنا رزق حلال پر یقین رکھنا اپنے اور اپنے خدا پر مکمل یقین رکھنا پسے ہوئے اور مجبور لوگوں کی آواز سننا اور ان کی آواز بننا اور خاص طور پر اپنے نظریات پر قائم رہنا ان کی شخصیت کے وہ پہلو ہیں جنھوں نے اس کی ذات کو باوقار بنایا ہوا ہے ۔
زندگی کو بڑے قریب سے دیکھنے والا نذیر متین خوب جانتا ہے کہ خوشی کسے کہتے ہیں اور غم کیا ہو تا ہے گھر کیسے آ باد ہوتے ہیں ،بستیاں کیوں اجڑتی ہیں ؟بھوک کیا ہے ؟زندگی کی راحتیں کیسے ملتی ہیں اور مفلسی چہروں کو کیسے بگاڑتی ہے کسی کے جنازے میں کم سے کم یا زیادہ لوگوں کی شرکت کیا معنی رکھتی ہے ۔مزدوروں ،محنت کشوں ،طالب علموں اور سیاسی کارکنوں کی جدو جہد کن کن مراحل سے گزرتی ہے اور ضروریات زندگی کی افراط اور کمی کے کیا نتائج نکلتے ہیں ۔ان کی چالیس سالہ صحافتی زندگی...
We live in a global village. The cyber world has brought together people and shurnk the distences, yet multi cultural, multi ethinic and multi national has become the norm of the day. There is virtually no such place, no town, no village, city or state where people from diverse backgrounds speaking diffirent lagnuages and professing diffirent creeds live. This diveristy and variety is the essence of life. This paper analyzes various ways of establishing peace in the light of Islamic teachings. It finds out the causes of quarrels and disputes in different nations so that they may be prevented to make the world peaceful.
This research study seeks to examine the effect of transactional and transformational leadership styles on work
outcomes by considering banking sector of Pakistan. The focus of this research was to explore the mediation
effect of trust between leadership styles and two work outcomes i.e., organizational commitment and turnover
intention of employees. Zhu and Akhtar (2014) found out that trust plays a mediating role between
transformational leadership styles and work outcomes, so this study has proceeded their findings by focusing
on +A648another leadership style and work outcomes.
For data collection, 350 employees were selected by using purposive sampling technique from the banks
operating in Lahore. The criteria for selecting purposive sample was established so that effective results can be
obtained. Questionnaire with five point Likert scale was used for data collection because it was a comparatively
low-cost, fast and effective way of gaining huge quantity of information from a big sample. After distributing
350 questionnaires among bank employees, 304 were found properly filled and appropriate. So the response
rate for this study was 86.85% that is usually considered noteworthy. After collecting data, MS excel was used
to organize data and to check missing values and unengaged responses. SPSS was also used to check regression
assumptions and for hypothesis testing. After dealing with regression assumptions, hypotheses were tested.
To determine the mediation effect of employee trust between leadership styles and work outcomes, Sobel test
and Baron & Kenny approach was used.
The regression result exposed that transactional and transformational leadership styles has no effect on
turnover intention of employees of banks operating in Lahore. While transactional and transformational
leadership style except individual consideration dimension have significant impact on employee's
commitment. This study also found out that transformational leadership style and transactional leadership
except management by exception (passive) dimension has significant impact on employee trust.
The mediation results showed that trust mediates the relationship between transformational leadership style
and work outcomes i.e., organizational commitment and turnover intention of employees. While result of both
mediation tests also exposed that trust plays a mediating role between transactional leadership style and
organizational commitment of employees but doesn't mediate the relationship of transactional leadership and
turnover intention. In the end managerial implications, contribution of study and limitations has also been
discussed.