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پروفیسر اشتیاق حسین قریشی

پروفیسر اشتیاق حسین قریشی
اخبارات سے یہ معلوم کرکے سخت افسوس ہواکہ پروفیسر اشتیاق حسین قریشی گزشتہ ماہ جنوری کے تیسرے ہفتہ میں کراچی میں انتقال کرگئے۔اناﷲ واناالیہ راجعون۔ مرحوم برصغیر ہندوپاک کے نامور مورخ اورماہر تعلیم تھے، ان کااصل وطن مارہرہ (اترپردیش میں ضلع ایٹہ کاایک مردم خیز قصبہ) تھا، وہیں پیدا ہوئے، ابتدائی تعلیم گھرپر پائی۔انٹرنس کا امتحان مولوی بشیر الدین مرحوم کے قائم کیے ہوئے اٹاوہ کے ہائی اسکول سے پاس کیا۔مولوی صاحب سرسید مرحوم کے صحبت یافتہ تھے اس لیے ایک زمانہ میں اسی اسکول کی مسلمان لڑکوں کی بہترین تعلیم گاہ کی حیثیت سے بڑی شہرت تھی۔ ڈاکٹر ذاکرحسین اور ان کے برادر خوردڈاکٹر یوسف حسین خان اسی اسکول کے فیض یافتہ اورڈاکٹر اشتیاق حسین قریشی مرحوم کے ساتھی تھے، اس کے بعد ابھی زیر تعلیم ہی تھے کہ تحریک خلافت شروع ہوئی۔یہ شروع سے ہی تھے بڑے جذبیلے اورجوشیلے، انھوں نے تحریک میں اس جوش وخروش سے حصہ لیا تھا کہ تعلیم کاسلسلہ منقطع ہوگیا۔چندبرسوں کے بعد جب کمال اتاترک کے الغائے خلافت کے باعث مسلمانوں میں مایوسی کی لہر دوڑ گئی تومرحوم نے پھرتعلیم کاسلسلہ شروع کیا اوربی۔اے کرنے کے بعد سینٹ اسٹیفینس کالج، دہلی میں داخل ہوکر دہلی یونیورسٹی سے تاریخ اورفارسی دونوں میں ایم۔اے کاامتحان پاس کیااورپھراسی کالج میں تاریخ کے لیکچرر ہوگئے۔ سات آٹھ برس کے بعد کالج کے معمول اوردستورکے مطابق کیمبرج یونیورسٹی گئے اور ڈاکٹر ہوکرواپس ہوئے ۔ ڈاکٹریٹ کے لیے انھوں نے جومقالہ لکھا تھا وہ ’’دلّی سلطنت کانظم ونسق‘‘کے نام سے اسی زمانہ میں ہی شائع ہوکرارباب علم وتحقیق میں مقبول ہوچکاتھا۔کیمبرج سے آنے کے بعد چندبرس کالج میں رہے اورپھر دہلی یونیورسٹی میں تاریخ کی چئیرقائم ہوئی تو یہ یونیورسٹی کے پہلے پروفیسر تاریخ مقرر ہوکروہاں چلے گئے اورساتھ ہی فیکلٹی آف آرٹس کے ڈین منتخب ہوئے۔ کالج اور یونیورسٹی میں ان...

الأبعاد النفسية والتربوية في نظر سيدنا عمر بن الخطاب تجاه القدس

When looking at the history of every human civilization, one may find some people or places that go down in history, and their biography does not disappear until God inherits the land and those on it. One of these places is the city of Jerusalem, a city where no two differ on its importance. A city that is home for sanctuaries, history, and monuments and every inch speaks of its greatness. Especially in the history of Islam, which linked it wonderfully to the Qibla of Muslims (the Sacred Mosque) after it was the first Qibla in the history of Islam. This high standing link was perpetuated by the Holy Qur’an in Surat Al-Isra and in many other places. This research has shown its importance to Muslims, the reason Muslims love it and their dedication to defending every single grain of its sand, and how did the esteemed Companions view it? This research spoke about some of the aspects that are related to the personality of our master Omar bin Al-Khattab, may God be pleased with him, (which are the psychological and educational aspects) while looking at the importance of Jerusalem to him, may God be pleased with him, which existed since pre-Islamic time and how it extended to the time of Islam and has emerged during his caliphate, may God be pleased with him.

English Language Textbook and Development of Communicative Competence in Grade Viii Students in Public Sector Schools in Punjab

This study is anattempt to determine the extent to which the English language textbook, “English for Class 8”(taught at grade VIII) by the Punjab Textbook Board fulfills the needs of the students‟ learning English as foreign language in Pakistan. The study aimed to analyze: mechanical practice, meaningful practice, and above all communicative (oral) practice as used in the current English language textbook. This textbook is currently used in public sector schools across Punjab. Interpretive research paradigm had been employed for this study, which implies that principally it is a qualitative study; however, quantitative method were also used to investigate the main aspects of the research study. The main qualitative methods included semi-structured interviews, classroom observations, and document analysis. The only quantitative method used were the survey questionnaires. The purpose of this study was to investigate as to what extent the suggested textbook facilitates language acquisition and its meaningful application. For this purpose, grade VIII English language textbook was selected to see as to what degree it includes communicative tasks, and in this respect, how it encourages the development of Communicative Competence (CC, Oral proficiency). The participants of this research were selected from public sector schools and organizations including teachers, policymakers, curriculum developers, subject specialists, and students to examine the effectiveness of English language textbook (grade VIII) on students‟ performance with special reference to Oral CC. For content analysis, an evaluation checklist was developed as the main tool to measure the efficiency of the textbook (in developing oral Communicative Competence) under focus. It allowed a more in-depth evaluation of the textbook in reference to a set of generalizable evaluative criteria. Based on the review of the literature on the textbook evaluation checklists, the researcher developed a point five Likert scale to suit the purpose of present research. Data analysis for quantitative portion used descriptive statistics illustrated through tables, and figures, whereas for the interpretation of qualitative data, themes were developed, coded and summarized in a descriptive mode. In the end the researcher offers a model (teaching unit) to be followed by the policy makers and practitioners in order to make the existing English language textbook more effectives in terms of oral CC and language skill development. The results of this study reflect that the relevant textbook does not cater to the target learners‟ future academic and professional language needs because the tasks/activities offered ,do not focus on sociolinguistic and discourse- level of the target language. Besides, many activities present in the textbook offer meaningless and discrete-point exercises which do not contribute to any skill development. There is limited oral interaction presented in the form of “oral skill development”.
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Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel

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