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پروفیسر محمد رضوان علوی

پروفیسر محمد رضوان علوی
پروفیسر ڈاکٹر حافظ محمد رضوان علوی چند روز کی شدید علالت کے بعد ۲۰؍ جنوری کو لکھنو میں انتقال کرگئے، ان کا آبائی وطن کاکوری تھا جو ضلع لکھنو کا ایک مردم خیز قصبہ ہے۔ کاکوری کا علوی خاندان علمی، دینی اور ادبی حیثیت کے ساتھ ہی دنیاوی وجاہت میں بھی ممتاز تھا، یہاں بہت سے اہل علم و کمال پیدا ہوئے۔ اردو کے مشہور نعت گو شاعر محسن کاکوروی اور مولوی نورالحسن نیر صاحب نورالغات اسی آسمان کے مہروماہ تھے۔
پروفیسر محمد رضوان علوی کے والد ماجد مولانا مصطفےٰ حسن علوی فاضل دیوبند تھے۔ ان کا علمی و ادبی ذوق بھی پختہ تھا۔ وہ اردو کے مصنف و شاعر اور لکھنو یونیورسٹی کے شعبہ عربی کے صدر تھے، رضوان صاحب بھی تعلیم مکمل کرنے کے بعد پہلے یہیں شعبہ عربی میں لکچرر اور پھر مدت مدید تک صدر شعبہ رہے۔ ان کے زمانے میں شعبہ نے بڑی ترقی کی اور کئی نئے کورس کا اضافہ بھی ہوا۔
رضوان صاحب یونیورسٹی کے اچھے اور کامیاب استاد تھے، انہیں طلبہ کی صحیح رہنمائی کرنے، ان میں علمی مذاق پیدا کرنے اور ان کی صلاحیتوں کو نشوونما دینے سے بڑی دلچسپی تھی۔ شوقین اور ذہین طلبہ کی خاص طور پر ہمت افزائی کرتے، ان کی نگرانی میں درجنوں طلبہ نے پی۔ایچ۔ڈی کی ڈگری حاصل کی۔
ان کو درس و تدریس کے ساتھ تحریر و تصنیف کا بھی ملکہ تھا، اردو عربی اور انگریزی تینوں زبانوں پر قدرت تھی۔ ان کی کتابوں میں ’’علوم و فنون عہد عباسی میں‘‘ اور ’’دمشق اسلامی تہذیب کا گہوارہ‘‘ مقبول ہوئیں۔ ان کی علمی خدمات کی بنا پر صدر جمہوریہ ہند نے انہیں توصیفی سند بھی عطا کی تھی۔
لکھنو کی علمی، تعلیمی اور ادبی سرگرمیوں سے بھی سروکار رکھتے تھے۔ ان میں علمی و انتظامی دونوں طرح...

علوم حدیث پر برصغیر کی اردو کتب کا تعارفی و تجزیاتی مطالعہ

The Hadith were account usually brief of the words and actions of the beloved Prophet, [May Allah Bless him and grant him peace]. As Such, they were subjected to intense security by generations of Muslim Scholars. The Principles to authenticate and document this literature along with it peculiar terminology called Usool-e-Hadith. This unique Science is a historic achievement of early Muslim scholars, having and history of centuries contributing to its evolution. In the opinion of the Late 'Allama Rashid Rida of Egypt, "The Indian Muslims are playing the leading role in the diffusion and dissemination of Hadith learning in the world to-day. As a matter of fact, according to him, but for the painstaking labour of the Indian Muslims towards the cultivation of the science of al-Hadith, it would have well nigh died down." A number of Scholars in the Indo-Pak sub-continent have produced an extensive work on the subject in Urdu language as well, during last century. My Research work focuses on analytical study of the same books on Usool-e-Hadith.

Establishment, Screening and Characterization of Salt Stress Tolerance in Glycine Max L.

Glycine max (L.) Merr.production is affected by a number of biotic and abiotic stresses. In order to overcome these challenges, development of transgenic plants, production of high-quality varieties and secondary metabolites, preservation of rare plants and protection of germplasms is of prime importance. In this regard, proper regeneration system for plant growth is needed to overcome dormancy and low germination issues by using appropriate growth hormones. In the proposed study, Glycine max (Variety Swat84) was assessed to investigate salt tolerance on the basis of growth, yield, physiological and biochemical responses. Seeds were germinated on MS medium with different concentrations of hormones for plantlet formation. Excellent callus was formed using 2, 4-D (2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) at 4.0 mg L-1 concentration. Significant induction and elongation of shoot were recorded using a combination of BAP (6Benzylaminopurine) +KIN (Kinetin) at 2.0 mg L-1 + 1.0 mg L-1 respectively while maximum root induction and elongation were recorded using IBA (Indole-3-butryic acid) at 0.5 mg L-1 concentration. For the salt tolerance experiment, 0.10 g of callus was shifted to MS medium supplemented with NaCl (sodium chloride) at concentrations of 0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mM.Callus formation showed considerable decrease at all salt concentrations as compared to control. Under saline conditions, stunted shoot growth, leaf chlorosis and defoliation occurred with increasing salt stress. The root length also decreased significantly at all salt treatments from 50 mM NaCl to 200 mM NaCl.The screening of selected clones were performed by using growth rate in term of fresh and dry weight as well as fresh and dry weight ratio of callus, shoot and root. Membrane thermo stability (EC), lipid peroxidation (MDA) and Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) assays were performed to assess the stress induced damages. Salt stress significantly showed high electrolyte leakage of membranes and MDA contents both in callus and shoot. While, H2O2 intensity in callus showed an increase at 100 mM concentration and in shoot, an increase in H2O2 intensity was observed at 50 mM.Whereas, maximum proline was found at 100 mM NaCl concentration in both callus and shoot. Regarding total soluble protein, an increase at 200 mM concentration was observed in callus while an increase was observed at 100 mM NaCl in shoot.Furthetmore,SDS-PAGE analysis revealed that in both callus and shoot, the band intensity decreased with increasing salt stress level, but at 100 mM concentration, a 75kDa band was differentially expressed and all bands showed almost lowest level of intensity at NaCl 200 mM. From the results of present analysis, it can be concluded that salt stress has a destructive effecton the plants development, growth, physiology and yield.The intense effects of salinity can be overcome by using salt tolerant cell lines and maintain sustained growth on medium supplemented with NaCl when compared to salt sensitive cell lines. The significance of this study was to identify the optimal concentration of MS medium with growth hormones for improving the regeneration of Glycine max to reduce the period of regeneration using cotyledonary node.Transgenic crops can be developed which can be used not only for expression of different biochemical functions, but also for stress signal transduction that increase stress effects in plants. For cell protection, higher amount of proline and protein play an important role against oxidative stresses. Collectively, all these mechanisms allow plants to stay alive under extreme salt stress thereby leading to higher yield production of Glycine max.
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