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غلام غوث غلامی
غلام غوث غلامی (۱۹۴۰۔۱۸۴۷)میترانوالی سیالکوٹ میں پیدا ہوئے۔انھوں نے ملا عبد الحکیم سے ادب وفقہ کی تعلیم حاصل کی۔ آپ نے فردوسی کے شاہنامہ کے مقابلہ میں سیالکوٹ کے ایک مشہور راجہ سا لباہن کی مختصر مثنوی لکھی ہے۔ آپ کی تالیفات قریش (خود نوشت سوانح) ‘ فرہنگ‘ منتخبات ‘ عربی بہ فارسی سوانح حضرت بلالؒ (منظوم) ‘خزینہ کرامات‘ سفر نامہ مجاز‘ فیروز نامہ حجاز‘ تلبیس ابلیس‘ زہدتہ القواعد در علم صرف‘ تازیانہ‘ غفلت ‘ درعیوب ہندوستان اور انشا غلامی ہیں جو بہت کوشش کے باوجود بازیاب نہیں ہو سکیں۔(۳۰)
۳۰۔ غلام غوث چیمہ ، ’’مولوی غلام غوث غلامی‘‘ شمولہ ’’الابصار‘‘ ڈسکہ‘ گورنمنٹ ڈگری کالج‘ ۲۰۰۳ء ‘ ص ۲۷۰۔۲۷۱
نجيب الكيلاني في مرآة الأدباء والشعراء
Dr. Najib Al- Kailani (1931-1995) is one of the prominent poet and writer of Arabic literature. The multidimensionality of his personality is rare example of the history of Islamic literature. He was a renowned poet, writer, a medical professional, a thinker and overall a great human being. He laid the foundation of the Islamic literature and introduced a sound methodology. His precious literary works in Arabic and Islamic school of thought made his personality more prominent. He not only discusses the issues and challenges faced by Egyptian Muslims but also covers the whole Islamic world and as well as those Muslims who are in minority in their countries. His literary works are a good source of knowledge for not only the general readers but for the intellectuals and writers as well. Research works are being carried out on different dimensions of his personality in different ways by the different universities in the world. Research articles and discussions are being carried out and conferences are also organized in different Arab countries in the memory of Dr Najib Al-Kailani. Kailani was paid rich tributes by Arab writers and thinkers for his unique wealth of literary works. In this article we present the views of Arabian writers about his literary status.Antecedents of Brand Extension Success in Glocalization: A Mediation and Moderation Analysis
This research is focused on finding whether brand extension strategy can be used in this glocalized markets and what are the antecedents (Mediating and Moderating variables) of successful brand extension? Glocalization has become a serious concern for managers that they have to manage the global brands with local trends and local brands in the global trends. Brand extension is a strategy in which new products can be launched under existing brand name due to which multinational and local firms expects that their consumers will respond to the product either positively or negatively because they are already familiar of the existing brand name or the parent brand. Two actual real time brands one representing close extension and other an example of distance extension has been used in this research and the sample respondents have been selected in a way that it is a good representation of population. No such broad and empirical research on brand extension in Pakistani context has been carried out. The independent variables used in this study are (1) Consumer Perceived Brand Concept, (2) Brand Image (3) Brand loyalty (4) Brand Evangelist (5) Parent Brand Conviction (6) Perceived Risk of unknown (7) Marketing support (8) Parent Brand Experience (9) Consumer Perceived Fit and dependent variable was Successful brand extension evaluation. Self developed questionnaire with items adapted from various past studies was self administrated among the sample respondents by simple random sampling. For close (Sufi Frozen Food) extension 464 sample respondents filled questionnaire. For Distance (Guard Rice) extension 432 respondents filled out questionnaire. Questionnaire was distributed outside famous big retail grocery stores like Agha‟s , Naheed, Chaseup and Imtiaz store located in Clifton Schon Circle, Shaheed-e-Millat Road and KPT Interchange respectively. 27 hypotheses were formulated for Close and Distance extensions. Data screening was performed on the data collected like Missing values, Aberrant values, detecting outliers (Mahalanobis distance) from the respondents, Normality test and questionnaire reliability. Cronbach Alpha was taken out of 37 question items and instrument revealed reliability with score greater than 0.6. Hierarchical regression, Single Mediation, Multi mediation (Sobel Test, Preacher & Hayes test) and Moderation analysis were applied to test the hypotheses. After test run lot of new concepts have unfold which are important to know before one opts for brand extension strategy in the glocal market context. Results reveal previous parent brand image built does not affect the consumer evaluation and hence managers should not worry about the past positive or negative image while deciding to use brand extension strategy for close or distance extension for brand development. Perceived Risk of Unknown as moderator does not moderate the relationship between Brand Image and Success of Brand Extension Evaluation. It means that these days consumers in Pakistan are not worried to put their money on unknown brand.Journals by Discipline
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